tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41923883034310568402024-03-13T08:20:26.809-07:00Story applesCollecting, Preserving and Sharing the Stories from our Family Tree .......One Bite at a Timeheyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.comBlogger54125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-57504337158795457552022-04-26T19:30:00.003-07:002022-04-27T08:05:10.878-07:00Our Family at Pearl Harbor: Preston Van De Riet and the "Lucky Lou"<p>Did you know that we have a close Van De Riet cousin who was a stationed in Pearl Harbor during the attack? His name was Preston Van De Riet, and he was my grandma LaVonne's first cousin. Also first cousin to her brothers, WWII vets Harry, Jack, and Ray Van De Riet. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBBwdZaYQ98UupVfg7odSMtyR_lzE6kshis4dIaAxgvSVN-5cfLG9l5lOBPRqG1BZrbGPoFd63r6J9G-BzvbzJL6YGCaOmo2jFx3gglOMcUGPlvjVfW7SCNr5PEhjgs5fTmBgViViz7hReOxdESUJcXd0NcisPu5-miYXurkT00F9Ou84xhJbJ3PWy9w/s2159/Preston%20at%20the%20Royal%20Hawaiian%20Hotel%20(probably%20days%20before%20%20the%20attack).JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2159" data-original-width="1520" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBBwdZaYQ98UupVfg7odSMtyR_lzE6kshis4dIaAxgvSVN-5cfLG9l5lOBPRqG1BZrbGPoFd63r6J9G-BzvbzJL6YGCaOmo2jFx3gglOMcUGPlvjVfW7SCNr5PEhjgs5fTmBgViViz7hReOxdESUJcXd0NcisPu5-miYXurkT00F9Ou84xhJbJ3PWy9w/w450-h640/Preston%20at%20the%20Royal%20Hawaiian%20Hotel%20(probably%20days%20before%20%20the%20attack).JPG" width="450" /></a> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span>Preston Van De Riet at the Royal Hawaiian Hotel, sometime before the attack.</span> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><br /></span></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1q6JTNiIgd_SSCRkEENvjiOepAY1vTjotG4b5uOxHJNYu_a5JlTdjnQclStO_xxM74EFujGqWEEprjGmThexw-cosXyEsicgzKK1l1AcSA03SKZ_x50HLFTWyk30ICTQFgTUL6bmUrwuEsa5ayu4jF721d-EHFKW-19N4xi-9kYFRmCpzMKPOdH-Ong/s2164/Preston%20in%20uniform.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2164" data-original-width="1169" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1q6JTNiIgd_SSCRkEENvjiOepAY1vTjotG4b5uOxHJNYu_a5JlTdjnQclStO_xxM74EFujGqWEEprjGmThexw-cosXyEsicgzKK1l1AcSA03SKZ_x50HLFTWyk30ICTQFgTUL6bmUrwuEsa5ayu4jF721d-EHFKW-19N4xi-9kYFRmCpzMKPOdH-Ong/w346-h640/Preston%20in%20uniform.JPG" width="346" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span>Preston in uniform.</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br />I visited with Preston's son Dennis before our family traveled to Hawaii last year. I asked him if he would teach my children about his Dad's experiences to help prepare them for our visit to the Pearl Harbor Memorial. He was kind enough to make a recording for us, and I would like to share some of the transcript here with you, with his permission. He also answered some additional questions for me, provided the pictures, pointed out the video links and supplemental media. Okay, okay, he pretty much is the guest blogger today. I'm just typing. Thanks again, Dennis! I wish I would have known this connection when I was a teenager! Pull up a chair everyone, you'll enjoy this.<div><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtgsdymxJcCo1IhN7lXobufsXXbvaDFqh7zRIPwCg2y6IYMO2Mw_H7tJhGS3gwseQXwSCkNuQtC6aE2FmDVGmZ2QifOyjt5t7fBu8rMibxfuI1AXYa7Ebh7EfKiGvFg5pUcrH6Kh8enBVkCB2wd0vPCAKj8vfx1t3tmHCp0i_9uhhPetNERe5jVlIGYg/s2305/Preston%20Van%20de%20Riet.JPG" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2305" data-original-width="1401" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtgsdymxJcCo1IhN7lXobufsXXbvaDFqh7zRIPwCg2y6IYMO2Mw_H7tJhGS3gwseQXwSCkNuQtC6aE2FmDVGmZ2QifOyjt5t7fBu8rMibxfuI1AXYa7Ebh7EfKiGvFg5pUcrH6Kh8enBVkCB2wd0vPCAKj8vfx1t3tmHCp0i_9uhhPetNERe5jVlIGYg/w242-h400/Preston%20Van%20de%20Riet.JPG" width="242" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Preston Van De Riet as a child</span></td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote><b>Hello. My name is Dennis Van De Riet and my father, Preston Van De Riet, was a survivor of the attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7th, 1941. I would just like to give you a little background information on that. My father Preston was the son of Hiram Van De Riet who was the 6th of 8 children from Sarah and Herman Van De Riet. He was born in 1920 and joined the marines in February of 1941, about 8 or 9 months before the onset of WWII. As a marine, though, he was immediately stationed on a ship. He was trained in a couple of different areas but his main task was ammunition handler. And of course, almost every ship has gun turrets, so I’m sure he was heavily involved in running the guns there, especially during the attack.</b></blockquote><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp0mz2BVcF_J6m5FtXZ4zgsqeqGh-5vBaM7Q3wAet6q8mzfNxRue2pBvcLcMUqyZjpIsEugI4yyFRGgk-ICFJkJjy4Ove-K8u6Jlwz-CNe9TnQ5FqQEDCMBv6EF1bJes5nDxPUuzU_XD66f7Ba6QOF6nUBE0Fi45UuAlrkjZwnP7bAYBJawW7yuxXpyA/s220/220px-USS_Missouri_firing_during_Desert_Storm,_6_Feb_1991.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="145" data-original-width="220" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp0mz2BVcF_J6m5FtXZ4zgsqeqGh-5vBaM7Q3wAet6q8mzfNxRue2pBvcLcMUqyZjpIsEugI4yyFRGgk-ICFJkJjy4Ove-K8u6Jlwz-CNe9TnQ5FqQEDCMBv6EF1bJes5nDxPUuzU_XD66f7Ba6QOF6nUBE0Fi45UuAlrkjZwnP7bAYBJawW7yuxXpyA/w320-h211/220px-USS_Missouri_firing_during_Desert_Storm,_6_Feb_1991.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span>USS Missouri firing her guns during Desert Storm, 1991<br />fifty years after Pearl Harbor. photo credit: wikipedia USS Missouri</span> </td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote><b>When you get to the <i>USS Arizona</i> look across the harbor. That is where the <i>St. Louis</i> was moored, along with a couple of other cruisers. The <i>St. Louis</i> [was his ship.] Now, you've gotta understand that my father, like any other WWII veteran, never, <i>ever</i> talked about his experiences in WWII. I mean never! Except for one time he did talk about the attack on Pearl Harbor.</b></blockquote><blockquote><b> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUp_4ifIcUyZ5s-jHL0fj6gBIwqZD4wOQWCdbIsNJgTDXWIdSjT1dEh0H9W_L56rpTaHuRabPyj2QI_tQ966GfsoghvsQbX6Bi0agI5l1pIdzCdzhmXE0r9tYyVqgP2NEkKHwz6R8uWLOyHHEaBpXpMfp30FVxRQgs5GM1xFomDZyAE9ekxt9XSvHM9g/s326/St.%20Louis.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="155" data-original-width="326" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUp_4ifIcUyZ5s-jHL0fj6gBIwqZD4wOQWCdbIsNJgTDXWIdSjT1dEh0H9W_L56rpTaHuRabPyj2QI_tQ966GfsoghvsQbX6Bi0agI5l1pIdzCdzhmXE0r9tYyVqgP2NEkKHwz6R8uWLOyHHEaBpXpMfp30FVxRQgs5GM1xFomDZyAE9ekxt9XSvHM9g/w400-h190/St.%20Louis.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span>the <i>USS St. Louis</i>, the "Lucky Lou"</span></td></tr></tbody></table></b></blockquote><blockquote><b>He mentioned a couple of things, number one is that for his ship…the attack was on a Sunday, and most ships were at half-staffing because most of them were on liberty. They had liberty days on weekends. So, most of the ships were at half manpower. But... <i>his</i> ship for whatever reason was at <i>full</i> manpower, which allowed them to respond to the attack and get underway a lot faster than most of the other ships. </b></blockquote><blockquote><b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMyZKTu4W7bWkXk2AQwLPeAdyk8GrD7fXXfuHJpExJk76jMAo4y8udJFJDAiwkk05zSoz4WxO7GKcNHtB-GkHds63Db-aW8SS59fyChnDIJTNJDK3fFrHlGdulGbM7rrzNhqf7VCXwdCH93DM2QU_p249cKk6xZgv3UMDam6X9NvHgSKmUHqDHZ4lLVQ/s1200/1636910401088blob.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1200" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMyZKTu4W7bWkXk2AQwLPeAdyk8GrD7fXXfuHJpExJk76jMAo4y8udJFJDAiwkk05zSoz4WxO7GKcNHtB-GkHds63Db-aW8SS59fyChnDIJTNJDK3fFrHlGdulGbM7rrzNhqf7VCXwdCH93DM2QU_p249cKk6xZgv3UMDam6X9NvHgSKmUHqDHZ4lLVQ/w400-h400/1636910401088blob.jpg" width="400" /></a></div></b></blockquote><p><b></b></p><blockquote><b>The number two thing is, that when they did get underway they were following the battleship <i>Nevada</i>. It was able to get away but was severely damaged in the initial attack. As it was getting underway, it was heading toward the mouth of the harbor. The captain of the <i>Nevada</i> realized he would not make it out, and if he did not make it out he would sink and block all access in and out of the harbor, so he made the decision to beach his ship off to the side. The <i>St. Louis</i>, being right behind it, was able to become the first ship out of Pearl Harbor during the attack. They did undergo a lot of attacks obviously from the air. The <i>St. Louis</i> was damaged but not severely damaged. They were also tracking down submarines–mini-submarines–at the time. But they did get out, made it to open seas, and made it eventually to San Francisco.<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYkS17wEEzOgsbSehA5zuqjzUfrXhBLhK80vIK_MeVWLylgpE7sjxPlrUKZGuSRe8MKkoEK7Cy0gf1B3SbJ6X_B6TA0SNu-2JS684WhiOgTxnuGBenmeMeE6TLV24zcEIQ4Rcj6kLiG68bTzupPm05oQmPG-VGJyWarAL1KOZOG8v6BDObsSUy6y7N9A/s300/minisub.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYkS17wEEzOgsbSehA5zuqjzUfrXhBLhK80vIK_MeVWLylgpE7sjxPlrUKZGuSRe8MKkoEK7Cy0gf1B3SbJ6X_B6TA0SNu-2JS684WhiOgTxnuGBenmeMeE6TLV24zcEIQ4Rcj6kLiG68bTzupPm05oQmPG-VGJyWarAL1KOZOG8v6BDObsSUy6y7N9A/s1600/minisub.jpg" width="300" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span>a Japanese midget submarine</span></td></tr></tbody></table></b></blockquote><p style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1981/12/10/the-lucky-ship-in-pearl-harbor/fbbb7d0a-a399-4486-8edb-946d08656191/" target="_blank">Washington Post article about the "Lucky Lou"</a> </p><p></p><p></p><blockquote></blockquote><div>Here is a clip from a survivor--one of Preston's shipmates-- talking about his experience, titled "How the <i>USS St. Louis</i> fought back Dec. 7th."</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/4pzaNK0uGcs" width="320" youtube-src-id="4pzaNK0uGcs"></iframe></div><br /></div><blockquote><div><b>After the <i>St. Louis</i> was repaired at Mare Island, near San Francisco, it turned to sea and headed back out to the Pacific. Then, of course, we became heavily involved in WWII. </b></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv0bebwGJ0slVjwosrMHZdUxqcXjpFPE6hAKhXQ1yq1BcFeODHgpKeUBcX2hvO91bbVv8AX3JPHDuK7aDp5vG0PD-fWg2D_IMO6ZNrkm6En3DXaUIw0UH4oKyqvGY6nKjVKDW4_J8xz2HeX8oLBWoavMf6A6xntiViTFPzN_qGZT6CrAKV-bFww-e0xA/s712/1649252760611blob.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="462" data-original-width="712" height="208" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv0bebwGJ0slVjwosrMHZdUxqcXjpFPE6hAKhXQ1yq1BcFeODHgpKeUBcX2hvO91bbVv8AX3JPHDuK7aDp5vG0PD-fWg2D_IMO6ZNrkm6En3DXaUIw0UH4oKyqvGY6nKjVKDW4_J8xz2HeX8oLBWoavMf6A6xntiViTFPzN_qGZT6CrAKV-bFww-e0xA/s320/1649252760611blob.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span>Preston Van De Riet's commendation</span></td></tr></tbody></table><b>The <i>St. Louis</i> was involved in a number of battles, but probably the biggest battle it was involved in was in July of 1943, about a year and a half after Pearl Harbor. It was the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_St._Louis_(CL-49)">Battle of Kolombangara</a> which was in the Solomon Islands. It was about a 3 or 4 day naval battle, in which his ship, the <i>St. Louis</i>, was hit right square in the broadside by a torpedo, but the torpedo didn’t detonate, it was a dud! Very lucky for them. </b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>The very next day, they were hit on the bow with a torpedo, see picture. </b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSZdY2Q0mkkBgfvh2vsdiYjHbE26ry8_lBoezYdlz_q3ziXRMH_Wl4SY2r6BefZZV_1AAHtsRr3c947XrwMuz_cRpCGAzQj3N9BpWM5t_HNoi1Xj49kjTN8Hmz7LQMhKdyWWTF6aPPiL-LkgXUct57D42ADNZTBFWoyHFfdoT8I4w_KJwHYdONDiHRYw/s1024/1636910345716blob.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="844" data-original-width="1024" height="528" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSZdY2Q0mkkBgfvh2vsdiYjHbE26ry8_lBoezYdlz_q3ziXRMH_Wl4SY2r6BefZZV_1AAHtsRr3c947XrwMuz_cRpCGAzQj3N9BpWM5t_HNoi1Xj49kjTN8Hmz7LQMhKdyWWTF6aPPiL-LkgXUct57D42ADNZTBFWoyHFfdoT8I4w_KJwHYdONDiHRYw/w640-h528/1636910345716blob.jpg" width="640" /></a></div></blockquote><blockquote><b>The ship was severely damaged </b><b>by that, however they were able to seal the water off and were able to sail back, actually, all the way from the Solomon Islands to Mare Island in San Francisco after that. During that battle, the <i>St. Louis</i> had a sister ship called the <i>USS Helena</i>, and that ship was torpedoed and sunk during this battle. But the </b><i><b>St. Louis</b></i> <b>survived, they made it back to port, and it was repaired. Now that was a long repair, so my </b><b>father was reassigned to another ship. </b></blockquote><blockquote><b>This time the ship was stationed out of the East coast, and he </b><b>actually ended up in the Mediterranean Sea for the duration of the war, making it very unusual for </b><b>somebody to fight in both the Pacific and in the European theater during WWII. But he ended up in </b><b>North Africa and South Italy and that area of the Mediterranean, mostly transporting prisoners that were captured. The name of the ship he was on in that time was the <i>USS General JR Brooke</i>.</b> </blockquote><p><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></p><blockquote><b>I don’t have a lot of information because my father never ever talked about his combat time during WWII. I know that just from pictures I’ve been able to glean off the internet and information off the internet. It was a pretty taxing time to be sure. But anyway, he survived, he made it through, obviously or I wouldn’t be here.</b></blockquote><p></p><div><b><blockquote>Another unusual thing about his career, he joined as a marine but he spent his entire career on a ship, either the <i>St. Louis </i>or the <i>Brooke</i>, and even more unusual than that is that in my career in the service I spent four years in the navy and I never went on a ship. I spent all my time on land, a unique contrast.</blockquote></b>I asked Dennis what happened to his Dad after the war--what was the "rest of the story?" </div><div><blockquote><b>[Preston] married my mother in 1944, before the war ended. They met in San Francisco while his ship was being repaired. Since my mother was Jewish, my dad converted to Judaism before they got married. They had three children while they lived in San Francisco.They lived in SF until 1956 when they moved to San Mateo (18 miles south of San Francisco). He was involved in Cub/Boy Scouts and Little League and also was a CB radio enthusiast. But most of all he liked camping, boating and fishing. We belonged to a boat club in San Mateo and we all learned to water ski. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi08SJ3dQHKJnWy0zOdeOyjOFHhpzONYbX_KJKKorA5syg11mAchuXqyZnVHVINPDCVoL2Gr5_MilxcdR87q30dlZibcQB7_t98a-FvJJkvcuAV-3-U320pmeKhyUMu5nDJeOR6WOyvFFRtWye4TGVc4fvMZiAmioTY7tUf_g-an6bauNfXJnoRLga1wA/s1280/Lake%20Shasta.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1280" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi08SJ3dQHKJnWy0zOdeOyjOFHhpzONYbX_KJKKorA5syg11mAchuXqyZnVHVINPDCVoL2Gr5_MilxcdR87q30dlZibcQB7_t98a-FvJJkvcuAV-3-U320pmeKhyUMu5nDJeOR6WOyvFFRtWye4TGVc4fvMZiAmioTY7tUf_g-an6bauNfXJnoRLga1wA/s320/Lake%20Shasta.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>Every year we had our vacation at Lake Shasta, camping in tents with the boat near by. Fishing every day (even caught a fish every now and again) and just enjoying the great outdoors. He retired form a company that printed magazines (most notably "TV Guide") in the mid 1970s and moved permanently my mother to Lake Shasta until his death in 1981.</b></blockquote>Dennis said that he didn't have his Dad's medals for a picture here, but here is a list of the medals he was awarded. <div><div dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px;"><blockquote style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><div dir="ltr"><b>American Campaign Medal</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>Europe-Africa-Middle East Campaign Medal</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>Navy China Service Medal</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>Philippine Liberation Medal</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>WWII Victory Medal</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>Combat Action Ribbon</b></div><div dir="ltr"><b>Philippine Presidential Unit Citation</b></div><div dir="ltr"></div></blockquote><div dir="ltr"><span style="font-family: times;">Thank you Dennis, to both you and your father for your service to our country! I loved learning this story.</span></div></div></div></div>heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-49115639451464491992020-08-13T19:47:00.002-07:002023-08-22T12:16:17.333-07:00Coyotes and Gentlewomen<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3dFc960bSilVp2_660w7FnvS9W7YPIbvNy_4a8h-XPD3KjSbGmDAFypcF7TxnBM-76k2DTMNnlp4BJlm6G8Xbt1-M2PbDwywuSFEEh67FRazOa0yDaFG2yNiuNAWYgdL8wzasxJvdmr5c/s669/Kale+twins.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="394" data-original-width="669" height="377" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3dFc960bSilVp2_660w7FnvS9W7YPIbvNy_4a8h-XPD3KjSbGmDAFypcF7TxnBM-76k2DTMNnlp4BJlm6G8Xbt1-M2PbDwywuSFEEh67FRazOa0yDaFG2yNiuNAWYgdL8wzasxJvdmr5c/w640-h377/Kale+twins.jpg" width="640" /></a></div> <p></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>This one's a fictional short story, folks. Based on Bess Kale Van De Riet.</p><h2 style="text-align: center;"><br /></h2><h2 style="text-align: center;">Coyotes and Gentlewomen</h2><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">By Jaclyn H. Day</span></p><p>The first time they met, that November, Mrs. Hudson caught Bess crying into the coyote meat. Her face was sunburned, nose running, and apron and hands too bloody to wipe anything. Harry had told Bess that she was a born crier, and sure enough, there she was, dead on her feet and dribbling away.</p><p>“Oh,” Mrs. Hudson said. “I don’t mean to interrupt.”</p><p>Bess smiled and shook her head in a way she hoped said, “Nonsense.” She set down the wretched knife on the outdoor table and looked around the surrounding woods as if she would find a place to wash, exchange aprons, and pull up a chair for her illustrious guest. Her stomach informed her that her day was not about to improve.</p><p>“Please excuse the disarray,” Bess said. She gestured to the carcass, the buckets full of meat and offal, and herself. “Please. Step into my new parlor, Ray’s asleep in the house. There are some stumps here in the sun that the boys have been playing on. I was ready for a rest anyway, so I am so glad you stopped by this afternoon. So very glad.”</p><p>The guest chose a stump. She settled her dark plaid skirts around her, folded her neat brown hands in her lap, and gazed around politely. Bess turned to blot at her face with the underside of her apron and wrapped her gore-covered hands into a wad of the same. She hoped her hair wasn’t disastrous.</p><p>Mrs. Hudson, on the other hand, was magnificent. She was very tall, not a hair out of place, and her braid thick as a wrist and glossy. Harry had said that her uncle was an old Blackfoot chief, blind now. She looked completely at home, and rightly so. This was the Hudson’s ranch. The Van De Riet’s were just renting a bunkhouse. Bess took a seat on a short, thick stump across from her. At least her work boots weren’t swinging above the ground like a child’s.</p><p>“How are you settling in?” The voice was low and patient, as though she was soothing one of her favorite heifers. Not, Bess felt, that far from the mark. Then Mrs. Hudson peered more closely, and Bess met her eyes full on. She steeled herself for a highly uncomfortable conversation regarding the morning’s incident. It involved their sons—two Hudson’s, three Van De Riet’s--a switchblade, a braid, and a hitching post. </p><p>But that didn’t come up. Yet. </p><p>“You look familiar to me.” </p><p>Bess had seen that look and heard a similar question all her life, or at least half of her life. The insidious, “Now which one are you?” People would peer at her, cataloging the clues they saw in her expression, the wave in her hair, the coy tilt of her chin. Her breath caught. She still wanted to be recognized as herself. There was no laughing mirror-image anymore, the stepping on her toe—don’t tell them who’s who! If Jessie were here to take over, she could crawl into the closet and pile quilts over her head. And the boys would never know. </p><p>Bess studied the other woman. They seemed to be around the same age. </p><p>“Dillon! 1915.” Mrs. Hudson’s wide smile showed a disarming gap.</p><p>It was only one night, eons ago. Yes. Bess laughed out loud and beamed. “Oho! I remember! So, you came back here, as soon as you were able?” </p><p>“Allowed. Yes.” </p><p>Bess swallowed. “You’ve done so well for yourself…this ranch, those handsome boys…” She gestured toward what Harry affectionately called the Big House. Drat. She shouldn’t have mentioned the boys, but now things would be easier.</p><p>“Did you teach after all?”</p><p>“Yes,” Bess said, “while Harry was overseas. Then we married, and the children came along…” Could she put the rest into words?</p><p>“Three boys?”</p><p>“Well, yes.” Now. “And another boy and a baby girl, both in Heaven.” </p><p>Mrs. Hudson did not drop her gaze. Bess had to open her mouth one more time.</p><p>“And also…” she glanced down towards the apron tied around her overcoat. She cleared her throat, softly, willing her to understand. A dimple flashed.</p><p>Mrs. Hudson clucked, exhaled. “I think you’d better call me Lavonne.”</p><p>“Bess,” she answered in turn, with a gasp. “And I’m so sorry about Harry Jr. this morning! I took away his knife and told him he will take his licking just as soon as his Dad gets home. I don’t know what got into him! Pinning Frank’s hair to the post…and he didn’t even cry! Frank, I mean.”</p><p>Lavonne nodded, unsurprised. “He said you’d let them go. He cried once he came home. Don’t say I told you. Our big boys, they are trying to lay down the law while the men are gone. They just don’t like that the littler ones don’t pay them any mind. Anyway, Joe was just as much to blame as Harry Jr., the way I heard it.” She clapped her palms hard onto her skirts and rolled her eyes. “It was his lariat that tied the three of them to the post. Even your little one! I came to apologize.”</p><p>Bess should have walked Frank back to the Big House after rescuing the young captives, (Ray squalling for his mama like a black bear) but he scampered off, and lunch was on the stove. Harry Jr. took Jack to skip rocks in the creek afterward, by way of apology. Ray needed a blessed nap. Once he was under, she flew outside and began hacking through four coyote carcasses, rather desperately. The hides meant money--and the rest meant meat for the traps and the hounds, who ate like buffaloes. </p><p>Hudson’s hired men had retrieved the coyotes and brought them around the evening before. The men rode away, and there they were, raggedy scamps just hanging from the roughhewn cross pole Harry had lashed up. At last, and four at once! But he and John Hudson had left for Alberta. Hudson needed another driver at the last minute, and Harry needed the cash. They’d be home in a few days—if the weather held. </p><p>Silly, but Bess had imagined the whole scene. She would suggest to Harry, while he stomped off his boots, that they needed more wood from the woodshed. She’d be rocking Ray by the stove, her eyes half closed, hiding her mouth in the baby’s hair. He would grump his way to the shed, muttering against Harry Jr. and the duties of the hearth. Maybe he’d even stack a few roughly barked lengths of the sweet, crunching pine into his arms before he looked up. There, nailed to the lean-to wall, would be four new pelts. Ears already wrinkling, eyes now slits, their abundant winter-coat tails would sway and roll along the boards with the icy gusts. And she, his porcelain, fresh-aproned wife had skinned them! She could manage things! </p><p>Mostly she wanted to surprise him. Before the other surprise she had waiting for him. It was like a sign, you see, a chinook in this new place after the years of winter they’d had. She’d tell him about the baby after the boys were asleep. Otherwise they’d think she was crying about those babies in heaven with Jessie. Or about living in the woods for this half-cracked scheme of their father’s, who, after the war and the loss of two children, was gasping not to be half-cracked himself… No.</p><p>She knew she would cry then because maybe it was going to be alright. </p><p><br /></p><p>“No apology needed. Oh dear, no. Boys!” and that was enough common ground for both.</p><p>Lavonne brushed off her lap as she readied to go, but then she said, “I hope it wasn’t the boys who made you cry.”</p><p>She’d noticed, then. “No, no…. it’s this.” They surveyed the coyote stretched across the table, paws to the sky. “I’ve butchered one once before, but not while in this maternal condition! I’ll feel better in a few weeks, but for now the smell just—” she had to swallow the rest of her sentence and shake her head to clear the rising bile.</p><p>Lavonne laughed sympathetically. “I know the feeling! And you’re probably exhausted besides. And with the boys and the dogs, and John stole your husband away…does he know yet?”</p><p>Bess tucked in her lips and shook her head. </p><p>Lavonne continued, “When I’ve been unwell my sister has been able to come and stay. She’s not married, you see. She tends to the chores and is a better cook anyway—it’s such a mercy! Do you remember her from that night in Dillon? We were both there. We’re twins.”</p><p>Bess shot to her feet. The Fort Shaw twins! That’s why she had trouble placing Lavonne by herself. The night the two schools had met, she’d noticed the sisters right away, even without the matching bows and uniforms. She had cried of course, fresh in her grief. What would college be like without her other half storming the castle? </p><p>“I do remember! The two of you were darling. ‘Deadly Duo,’ the papers said. But what I don’t think you know is that I am also a twin! Jessie passed years ago—she was sick. I was just wishing she were here to get me out of this pickle!” The tears welled up again.</p><p>Lavonne, eyes wide at the coincidence, also stood. She put her hand on Bess’s shoulder. Then, with a short laugh, “Listen. Maybe your sister on the other side gave Joe and Harry Jr their big ideas so the two of us would meet.”</p><p>Bess sniffed. “The tricks were usually her idea.” </p><p>Lavonne agreed. “Susan likes to say, ‘Tricks are just using your advantages.’”</p><p>Bess stationed herself grimly behind the critter. “Mm. I’ve played a trick today—on myself! I so wanted to finish these carcasses before the men come back. Maybe if I wear a kerchief over my nose?”</p><p>Lavonne hesitated, “I could—”</p><p>“You’re kind, but no. Harry would…have my hide if I let you lift a finger. He’d be embarrassed. If I get any worse, I will just hang this one back up until he gets home.”</p><p>The women watched the few remaining birds flit through the trees. Lavonne turned her face toward the Big House and readied to leave. “Sounds like the boys are playing again.”</p><p>Bess had been hearing a regular crash-bang sound but couldn’t quite place it. </p><p>“They seem to like the new hoop. John hung it on the barn last week. She took a step then whirled back. “I have an idea!” She listened again. “Are you feeling well, besides the smell getting to you?”</p><p>Bess’s brow furrowed. “Well, I tire easily, but yes, I can do things. I rode the horses for the last time with Jack a little yesterday. It was fine other than getting too much sun.”</p><p>Lavonne was nodding. “Leave that,” she shooed at the buckets of flesh, “and come with me.” She swung her braid over her shoulder and tugged at Bess’s sleeve.</p><p>Bess stood and followed, partly from curiosity, partly from delight. A twin to boot!</p><p>After checking on Ray at his nap, the women strode toward the enormous barn. Around back, they stood at the perimeter of a clearing. Joe Hudson, Harry Jr., and some of the older neighbor boys were passing around a basketball. The smaller boys watched, piled with the dogs on the sidelines.</p><p>“How is the new hoop?” Lavonne called out pleasantly. A few of the boys glanced their way, expressionless, not wanting to halt their play. Joe noticed his mother and Bess together.</p><p>“Just fine!” When Bess and Lavonne continued to watch, he nudged Harry Jr. and approached for the impending judgment.</p><p>“Boys. Mrs. Van De Riet and I have been getting acquainted this afternoon.”</p><p>Harry Jr. kicked at the dirt with his toe, his ears turning red. A long silence stretched out. Finally, Joe asked, “Are we in for it, then?”</p><p>Lavonne smiled. “Well,” she put one hand on each boy’s head. “Let’s have some fun with this. Shall we?” The boys looked at each other, alarmed. Lavonne beckoned for one of the boys to bring her the basketball. What was she doing? Bess took a step back. She wouldn’t! But hadn’t she said something about tricks and--advantages?</p><p>“Boys, how would you like to make a bet. A real bet. Not with money—that would be gambling, and we don’t hold with that. If you win, you’re off the hook.” </p><p>Harry Jr. tilted his freckled face. He wasn’t sure how to read this. “But what if we lose?”</p><p>Lavonne rubbed her mouth and chin and made considering sorts of noises. Bess hid a smile but started flexing and drumming her tingling fingers inside her skirts. “You’ll have to do a Man’s Job for your mama. Her choice. The both of you. Agreed?” </p><p>The boys considered, nodded. They’d hauled wood lots of times before. </p><p> “I hear this is the ‘wild west?’” Lavonne passed the ball hard and fast to her son. She flashed the gap in her teeth. “Ever been in a shootout?” </p><p>Bess closed her eyes and prayed.</p><p><br /></p><p>It was late, and the snow was dropping hard. John Hudson had predicted a three-dog night, for cold. Right again. Harry grumbled to himself, stomping to the woodshed. He hadn’t even washed his face or kissed his wife yet. Bess looked so sweet and homey there in the rocker with Ray. Why was he running errands that his sons should have done while he was gone? He had hoped this winter would make a man out of Harry Jr., but obviously, it was going to take a little more of a father’s guiding hand. Too much of a boys’ paradise, this place.</p><p>He didn’t want to trip over a tree root in the dark, so it startled him when he looked up and saw four coyote pelts nailed on the plank wall. He put his hands on his hips, staring, then reached out to feel the rich tails.</p><p>Bess was creeping up the path behind him, arms wrapped around herself for warmth. She laughed softly. The snowflakes melted and sparked on her forehead.</p><p>“Did you do this?” he pulled her toward him, under the shelter of the lean to.</p><p>She hesitated and then answered, “No. Joe Hudson and Harry Jr. did the skinning. Joe only had to show Harry once—he caught on pretty quick. It was a good use of that hunting knife you gave him.”</p><p>He wondered if the hunting knife had given any grief. Bess nestled into his coat. “I finally met John’s wife. She’s wonderful. Did you know she is a twin? Well, I shouldn’t say I met her—we met years ago, actually. She and her sister played on that basketball team from the Fort Shaw Indian school. You know, the one that made the headlines all the time? They certainly put on a show in Dillon. We lost. Handily. But, I think it was my highest scoring game. She seems to remember me better than I was.”</p><p>“That right? Well, I bet she remembers just fine. You were a hot shot. It was the bloomers and the banners you wore. They definitely improved your accuracy.”</p><p>She shoved him a little, and they turned back to the shed wall.</p><p>“Four coyotes, whaddaya know? First day I was gone?” </p><p>She nodded.</p><p>“Rascals, aren’t they?”</p><p>She snorted in agreement and pointed to each hide. “Let’s name this one Harry for sure, this one Jack, this one Ray…,” she swallowed, “this one, if it’s a girl, we could call her LaVonne.”</p><p> </p><p>HISTORICAL NOTE</p><p><br /></p><p>The germ for this story came from a colorful phone interview with Aunt Bonnie. She asked if I knew where my Grandma LaVonne got her name. I primly told her it was after her grandmother, Lavina. </p><p>Bonnie cackled.</p><p>No, she said, she was named after a Mormon Indian woman named LaVonne Hudson. Harry and Bess had met her when they were up coyote trapping in Babb, Montana, and Harry was bootlegging on the side. Betcha didn’t know that! </p><p>I didn’t. I had only vaguely heard of my great-grandparents’ magical time—a gap year really-- on the Galbreath Ranch. And I certainly hadn’t heard of any woman, let alone a namesake who was a member of <a href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/?lang=eng">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints</a>, the same church Grandma would join as a young mother and raise her family in.</p><p>Bess would have been pregnant with my Grandma LaVonne during the coyote adventure, right in the prime of her first trimester. Oofda. I don’t know much about trapping coyotes, but I have carried six children. (Bess carried nine.) The story was born.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTVPfvc2ENQazjVICF5s5elvSJOItimy7j1Wjhpy5o4PNNoh1oigLVmhjXY15WSb0R1_KNl05BHVtpFk7qyPd2LD4Q97frba49UU1xeD9E3mIZWwHFhfC30RCovkM6LCnJz4gJ8iNST-BT/s1000/coyote+skins.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="735" data-original-width="1000" height="376" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTVPfvc2ENQazjVICF5s5elvSJOItimy7j1Wjhpy5o4PNNoh1oigLVmhjXY15WSb0R1_KNl05BHVtpFk7qyPd2LD4Q97frba49UU1xeD9E3mIZWwHFhfC30RCovkM6LCnJz4gJ8iNST-BT/w512-h376/coyote+skins.png" width="512" /></a></div><p></p><p>Fact-checking further revealed that, like most family lore, Bonnie’s version was a gumming together of the interesting bits. So, I thought it only appropriate that the Lavonne of my story be a compilation of several real figures. The real <a href="https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KWJK-3CS">Lola Lavon Hudson</a> WAS also a twin. She was sister-in-law to a well-to-do Blackfoot man, Jack Galbreath. The Galbreath’s were Latter-Day Saints. Any bootlegging done under their noses would have been particularly ironic. </p><p>The Fort Shaw Indian school had a <a href="http://montanawomenshistory.org/champions/">world-famous women’s basketball team</a>—literally. They were on exposition at the 1904 World’s Fair in St. Louis, a decade before Bess would have played against them. The girls were not usually enrolled in the school by choice. Basketball was a less-restrictive activity (considered as ladylike as tennis) that they welcomed. I wanted their prints on my story as well.</p><p>Grandma, who also played basketball and was an avid fan, loved to visit the ruins of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Mission_Church_and_Cemetery">old Fort Shaw school—St. Peter’s</a>, and talk about “Big Minnie”. </p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilK8j14O-ZegKMKQYDYYTEuTCFfFN-qIbvOlu8eDgsQu6UO6Tkbp_qRMu6FagjaavmPXG5LZeGZQrhf5N5gJ7WXoKXNLYqpyXa9KoSZNcQk_jWz7OD5FXxZCTPwhR22Y8OPZUy5yYINJpS/s1365/Scan_20180408+%252846%2529.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="832" data-original-width="1365" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilK8j14O-ZegKMKQYDYYTEuTCFfFN-qIbvOlu8eDgsQu6UO6Tkbp_qRMu6FagjaavmPXG5LZeGZQrhf5N5gJ7WXoKXNLYqpyXa9KoSZNcQk_jWz7OD5FXxZCTPwhR22Y8OPZUy5yYINJpS/s640/Scan_20180408+%252846%2529.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">LaVonne is holding the ball<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>Harry and Bess’s situation was as described. Mostly. They had lost two children. They were a little strapped for cash. Harry was a veteran and didn’t like to talk about his WWI experience. Bess did attend Normal School at Dillon (teacher college) and played Women’s Basketball, bloomers, headbands, and all, in 1915. Her twin, Jessie, had died in 1913 of a bone infection linked to tuberculosis. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbWAmuPfiWxxvDmo0xc1_bqD6GqMwaoczjUtg-Q_gtWXLngwL724GrBU-Sr2pUQ2Ctm9SnVypASzk8mzSDhadZ787XloQogYJKhfHlcsBE738MFmTu1TGKxp_EQwJ8hnF5CngDFty6TOtN/s518/Bess+basketball+team.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="518" data-original-width="472" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbWAmuPfiWxxvDmo0xc1_bqD6GqMwaoczjUtg-Q_gtWXLngwL724GrBU-Sr2pUQ2Ctm9SnVypASzk8mzSDhadZ787XloQogYJKhfHlcsBE738MFmTu1TGKxp_EQwJ8hnF5CngDFty6TOtN/s0/Bess+basketball+team.JPG" /></a></div><p>(The banners the girls are wearing reflect their year of graduation, not the current year.) Bess is bottom right.</p><p><img border="0" data-original-height="742" data-original-width="517" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhL4YhoG00UwnIfgCIPGS06VURSH35g8BTd2vJJo-XjAO1gczsoOMXQcdAOJPpIjzp1v0VFHWy30I46ieSyqufL2NUf99Sgm_dPxUFdx2RiRdB1r9CVrNRX36jgfg52GRKU0F3IjtUqrQp8/w223-h320/Marie+VDR+Schnee+1917.jpg" title="Marie Van De Riet Schnee Bailey" width="223" /></p><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Marie Van De Riet Schnee Kenyon</span></span></h4><p>The biggest omission for the sake of this story was the presence of the Schnee family—Harry’s in-laws. Bailey was a friend of Harry’s before marrying his sister, Marie. He was most likely the mastermind of the whole adventure (and misadventures). The couples shared a duplex on the massive Galbreath ranch on the Blackfeet reservation. Hopefully, Marie was able to help Bess during the pregnancy.</p><p>Harry Jr. did tie one of his new friends to a hitching post. By the braids.<span style="white-space: pre;"> </span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsRhz5lBU-2G17W8nsHQVcigyw8EaJwv5IjdAiJeITnI1ua6iybBZ4LQzrAx6qahh-88poeQxSKOUnJGMRZ82jdIPItUWSRIkrSgF4arLGRMbz2Pw3Cxslmo2f3Co9V2vGFCVA3B48Ya-y/s1258/Scan_20180404+%25284%2529.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1258" data-original-width="906" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsRhz5lBU-2G17W8nsHQVcigyw8EaJwv5IjdAiJeITnI1ua6iybBZ4LQzrAx6qahh-88poeQxSKOUnJGMRZ82jdIPItUWSRIkrSgF4arLGRMbz2Pw3Cxslmo2f3Co9V2vGFCVA3B48Ya-y/s640/Scan_20180404+%25284%2529.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ray, Harry Jr., Jack Van De Riet<br /></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Read more about the Van De Riets and their time in Babb in an <a href="http://storyapples.blogspot.com/2011/10/harry-bess-van-de-riet-outlaws-indians.html">earlier post</a>.</p>heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-28155453449331590892019-06-05T15:08:00.000-07:002019-06-05T15:08:05.006-07:00All About How Ebert Joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints<br />
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Taken from an interview with Ebert Heagy, by Jaclyn Day,
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Had you heard of the
church <a href="http://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/">[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints]</a> at all as a kid?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“That brings back a memory.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>My brother and I were going fishing with my father, up Sun River at
Camel’s Dam.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On the way we went past an
area where there were some Mormon properties there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And my father commented, “Oh, lots of Mormons
farm in this particular area.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ok,
so.... what?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But anyway, that’s my first
memory of Mormons being mentioned at all in my life.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Did you feel like your
Mom or Dad or other family members had some strong opinions about them one way
or another?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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“Oh, perhaps.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I guess
it was probably not positive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Manchester
area—that would have been the Thurbers, and the Blackburns are the names that
come to mind, Binghams, they were farmers."<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Who were your friends
that were members of the church, or at what age were you acquainted?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Oh, my first real contact with them was when I first
visited an LDS service one Sunday evening.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Why did you do that?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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“Well, all my friends in the service were working or out of
state or something so I decided to go to the Mormon Church and see if they were
rolling in the aisles or whatever they did.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Just curious, you know.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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“I met a friend I knew from school, it was Kay Blackburn,
and she escorted me into the church and I sat there during the service and
everything and saw nobody rolling in the aisles or whatever, and she mentioned
something about the youth getting together and there being something to eat.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So anyway, it was a little fireside.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Do you remember what
the fireside was about?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“The kids bore their testimonies to one another.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was a testimony meeting.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Couldn’t have been better, right?”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">About how old were you
for that?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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“18-19, something like that.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">So, you had been at
school already and were friends with some of these kids and got invited to the
fireside where they were bearing their testimonies—we got that right?—and you
were glad they weren’t rolling in the aisles and weird?</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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“Mmhmm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well, I don’t
know, I kinda looked for the show.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That
was one of the favorite things my friends and I did was go to different
churches. “ <o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">What other churches
did you go to?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></i></div>
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“Well, the one that was the most memorable was the Assembly
of God. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And recently one of my friends, Warren
Johnson, died, and I was talking to another friend-Vern Fischer- about Warren and
our visit to the Assembly of God Church.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Vern was sitting next to Warren.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Something about the service or the people
tickled Warren and his belly started to jiggle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Vern could hardly contain himself from laughing, so he got up and went
to the back of the chapel of the church.<o:p></o:p></div>
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“We enjoyed going to different churches and things.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">You had a good group
of friends.<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br />
“Oh, yes.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I remember you went to
BYU for awhile. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How does BYU fit into
your story?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Were you already a member of
the church, or you weren’t, or why did you do that?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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“Yes, I was already a member.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I hadn’t been very long, and looking at going
to college.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I kind of wanted to go to a
Spanish speaking church in Mexico or someplace.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I had this friend freshly out of the army, he was a paratrooper, and he
was looking at colleges as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He said
he would like to go to school but he wasn’t going to go out of the country, so
I talked him into going to BYU.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had
already been to Bozeman for a year myself.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">What kind of classes
did you take at BYU?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did you get to take
a Book of Mormon class or anything like that?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br />
“You know, probably that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Took calculus, and something else that was difficult, I forget.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Anyway, it was way above my head, and I was
too busy going to dances every evening.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">You were looking for
Grandma?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Was that the problem?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br />
“Well, not necessarily.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I’d already met her.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I was going to ask you
about meeting with the missionaries, or how that happened.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did you tell your friends you wanted to meet
with the missionaries?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Or someone
invited you over?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br />
“At that time they were called 'Home Missionaries'.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They happened to be in that testimony
meeting, so I was introduced to them, asked if I wanted to meet with them, and
'Sure, I’ll meet with ya', so I met with them before the next Sunday and I was
invited to go to church once again.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So I
went again, and—you said did I have any questions about religion--?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All the other churches I went to, the Godhead
question blew my mind.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I never
understood how they could all three be one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It just didn’t make sense.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So,
when it was explained to me...the reality...well, I agreed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It made sense.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And then everything else that was taught made
sense.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Do you remember the
first time you read the Book of Mormon, or what you thought about Joseph Smith?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br />
“I really don’t remember as a youth reading it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I wasn’t much of a reader at that time, and
it was fine with me if Joseph Smith...the Joseph Smith story was just fine with
me.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mom (Lori) thinks that
David O. McKay would have been the prophet at the time.<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
“That’s true.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">How does Grandma (Bev)
come into the story and what did her family think about you being a convert?</i></div>
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“Well I met her before I went to BYU, and then when I came
home I started dating her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And I was
accepted unconditionally by her folks.”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I imagine they would
have been pretty good to you, with Grandpa Ely having joined the church.<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Bev:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was better
than what they were used to seeing me date.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I was dating a Catholic.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">What was your family’s
reaction when you told them you wanted to join the church?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
“Well, the only comment I remember was, 'You know they pay
tithing...'" [This got a good laugh as Grandpa has often been
teased about the rusty hinges on his wallet—he may have inherited this quality].<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">So, they didn’t get to
come to the sealing, was that difficult?</i><br />
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</div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br />
“Well, I was going to get married no matter what, so...<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We had a nice reception.”<br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Did you and Grandma
receive your endowments the same day?</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“Yes.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Do you remember your
first calling?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
“Yes. I was a statistical clerk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A membership clerk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And there were a lot of folks moving in and
out because it was Malmstrom Airforce Base, so it was busy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I also was assigned to visit the hospitals
regularly and enjoyed that.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mom and I were trying
to count how many of your descendants have served missions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We think 8 and Laura will make 9.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And how many missionaries went out when you
were a bishop, that you helped get their paperwork together and help them
decide to go?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That was a lot of my
friends, so that was several more.<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Did you have any
particularly favorite experiences while you were a bishop that you’d like to
share?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sorry, surprise question.</i><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
“Oh, I don’t know.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
remember Jack Haynes, I guess we were organizing a trip to the temple or
something, and Jack Haynes says, “You know definitely who is in control
here.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So anyway, I always liked that
comment from Jack Haynes.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">And then you and
Grandma were temple workers at the Cardston temple for about how long?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
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“Weren’t we temple workers six years?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Seven years Grandma says.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Every other weekend, Friday night and
Saturday morning we would serve.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And
it’s good to be up there even now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
don’t think there’s been a time we’ve been up there that we haven’t seen
somebody that we worked with.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We quit
because of the cancer thing.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br /></i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I don’t really have
any more questions to ask you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did you
have anything you’d like to add?<o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
“Well, I’m glad that I married a very good woman.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She comes from a good family of hard working
people.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And we are so pleased to have
the family that we have.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All of you
kids, and grandkids, great grandkids—quite a blessing.”<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-74302001776643724812018-11-01T16:52:00.001-07:002018-11-04T18:38:32.501-08:00Orphan Parade: Cleora Schlomer Heagy<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCB__WNiJLLY6HoDwa6yMVkuWFktCKSmFEXXdEDsrdbDE6fnqQrwn-Sxxu0-SmTGcSTxlGffHOXgPBcNxjnw0scdZDpUxCOKAiIO6dzbv1ITEsfyYAVJzFWBZ5Vv9T1dwdLksVcVwbwW2V/s1600/Cleora.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1395" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCB__WNiJLLY6HoDwa6yMVkuWFktCKSmFEXXdEDsrdbDE6fnqQrwn-Sxxu0-SmTGcSTxlGffHOXgPBcNxjnw0scdZDpUxCOKAiIO6dzbv1ITEsfyYAVJzFWBZ5Vv9T1dwdLksVcVwbwW2V/s320/Cleora.jpg" width="183" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cleora Schlomer, college yearbook portrait, ca. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
My great-grandmother Cleora and her little brother Ralph lived in an orphanage for three years. The orphanage was called St. Thomas, and it was run by Catholic nuns--the Sisters of Providence-- in Great Falls, Montana, est. 1909. <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGqUZLxBDFIpXWHh581aWt2pucCFwotpVT3z58jGOdfexz2HYTVDeE0_gf_N8NC6zKXZmjqTuGi4DWEjPYaNgKfZaQ98zABmWQmevZujxNle_qx_uFqvK4cnDlwmcTzYIl4tNi9niExMF3/s1600/st+thomas.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="300" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGqUZLxBDFIpXWHh581aWt2pucCFwotpVT3z58jGOdfexz2HYTVDeE0_gf_N8NC6zKXZmjqTuGi4DWEjPYaNgKfZaQ98zABmWQmevZujxNle_qx_uFqvK4cnDlwmcTzYIl4tNi9niExMF3/s640/st+thomas.jpg" width="512" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">St. Thomas in the 1930s, more than a decade after Cleora and her brother lived there.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
I don't think this building is still standing--currently the St.
Thomas orphanage is in a different building and is called the St. Thomas Children and Family Center, operating as more of a daycare.<br />
<br />
Originally, though, the orphanage was designed to "<span style="color: black;"> care for children from broken homes, orphans or children in need of care for at least a year". <span style="font-size: xx-small;">1 </span> Also </span>"it was a school and a boarding house for children who lived in rural areas, and <i><b>a safe environment for children whose parents were faced with hard times</b>.</i>" <span style="font-size: xx-small;">2</span> In its early years, most of the children were under the age of 12. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">3</span> <br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
Cleora and Ralph would have fit most of the above descriptions. They were partly orphaned in 1914 when their mother, Frieda, died of appendicitis at age 29. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">4</span> Cleora would have been six and Ralph five. The family was living in
Great Falls, MT, and since both parents had immigrated from Germany on
their own,<span style="font-size: xx-small;">5</span> they really had no extended family support. Apparently John, the father, tried to manage with the children at home for a few years, but then admitted them to St. Thomas in 1918. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">6</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.providence.org/-/media/images/about-providence/history/group1.jpg?h=198&w=300&la=en&hash=4D5D61F488F60D7EA2EEE203613F8F32D76E6B69" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="198" data-original-width="300" height="422" src="https://www.providence.org/-/media/images/about-providence/history/group1.jpg?h=198&w=300&la=en&hash=4D5D61F488F60D7EA2EEE203613F8F32D76E6B69" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">https://www.providence.org/about/providence-archives/past-forward-newsletter/winter-2001/historical-photos-from-st-thomas-orphanage</td></tr>
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So what changed in 1918? We aren't entirely sure why John would decide to put his children in the orphanage (this is pre-Depression era), but we do know that John worked at the American Brewery in Great Falls. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">7 <span style="font-size: small;">In 1918, the American Brewery was closed because of the Prohibition (which had passed "early" in Montana on a November 1916 referendum, to go into effect Dec. 31, 1918--they saw the writing on the wall.)</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://www.picclickimg.com/d/l400/pict/122989332737_/American-Beer-Bottle-Cap-Great-Falls-Mt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="394" data-original-width="400" height="313" src="https://www.picclickimg.com/d/l400/pict/122989332737_/American-Beer-Bottle-Cap-Great-Falls-Mt.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
Most likely, John was scrambling for work. By 1920 the census pegs him as a "laborer" for a brewery, along with several others on his street.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">8</span> I wonder if he is not listed as a "brewer" because technically they would not have been brewing. An <a href="http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-some-breweries-survived-prohibition-180962754/">article </a>in the Smithsonian Magazine explains that several breweries survived prohibition by retooling or redirecting their equipment to make such concoctions as: ice cream, cheese, dyes, soft drinks, near-beer, and legal malt extract (which customers bought with a wink, to use for "baking" at home--definitely not home-brewed beer). <span style="font-size: xx-small;">9</span> I don't know which brewing company John moved to or what products they were making.<br />
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<a href="https://www.taverntrove.com/beerpics/American-FamilyOld-Fashion-Beers-Paper-Ads-American-Brewing-and-Malting-Co_17744-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="473" height="640" src="https://www.taverntrove.com/beerpics/American-FamilyOld-Fashion-Beers-Paper-Ads-American-Brewing-and-Malting-Co_17744-1.jpg" width="377" /> </a></div>
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In any case, by June 1921 John retrieved his children. <span style="font-size: xx-small;">9</span> Cleora's daughter-in-law Bev Heagy thinks that he might have finally brought them home because Cleora would have been thirteen and old enough to cook and keep house. "She cooked like a nun." </div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF2evz1UtSqD-okrF2OhKKEeaVQbXS5rseUKIwfo8N9UeH6A9Y48L3SRQX_aknPwg_rXkgyTKmNjthchrqtCHdbdkzvZ2BusTPaYrt6xlTm3hHWwpJbGrRWvINcWcnu2yviE8fQx_VLe5Z/s1600/St_Thomas_Home_Great_Falls_Montana_1922.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="735" data-original-width="990" height="474" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjF2evz1UtSqD-okrF2OhKKEeaVQbXS5rseUKIwfo8N9UeH6A9Y48L3SRQX_aknPwg_rXkgyTKmNjthchrqtCHdbdkzvZ2BusTPaYrt6xlTm3hHWwpJbGrRWvINcWcnu2yviE8fQx_VLe5Z/s640/St_Thomas_Home_Great_Falls_Montana_1922.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The St. Thomas Orphans riding in a parade in Great Falls the year after Cleora and Ralph left. Very likely this was an annual event, so Cleora and Ralph had probably been on parade a few times. These are most likely their friends.</span></td></tr>
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Cleora's son Ebert says that his mother did not really ever talk about her orphanage experience, good or bad. She remained Catholic and wore a little crucifix (but didn't drive or ask for ANYTHING, and her lunkhead sons never offered to chauffeur her to attend Mass, says Bev.) So, hopefully it was a good experience, especially in contrast to her interactions with her father John, which were at times angry/drunk/and probably abusive. Sometimes if she walked home from school and he was in bad mood, she would hide out by the railroad cars. Luckily Cleora was allowed to attend Paris Gibson High School and then received her teaching certificate from Dillon Normal (teaching) College. She eventually married into the Heagy family, who were an easier-going, fun-loving bunch.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">A page from Cleora's Dillon Yearbook. "Chinook" is, I believe, the name of the house, not the Montana town. I bet the dorm life had some comparisons to the orphanage--minus the nuns. I also love how identical their hair-dos are. Just like if you were to walk down the halls of a high school today.</span></td></tr>
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Little brother Ralph also escaped the abuse a little more dramatically by running away and legally changing his name to John Johnson (interestingly, the same first name as his Dad?!). He served in the army in World War II, married, and lived to the ripe old age of 92. Here is a copy of his obituary. Ebert thinks Ralph/John looks a lot like John Sr.<br />
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<a href="https://www.familysearch.org/service/records/storage/dz-mem/dzpatron/v1/TH-904-81910-4581-10/scale?width=800&ctx=ArtCtxPublic&angle=0" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="518" data-original-width="800" height="414" src="https://www.familysearch.org/service/records/storage/dz-mem/dzpatron/v1/TH-904-81910-4581-10/scale?width=800&ctx=ArtCtxPublic&angle=0" width="640" /></a></div>
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As far as Cleora's relationship with her father, most likely it was moderated by the presence of her husband Charlie, who built a house next door to the Schlomers (734 14th St SW), where the couple remained in close proximity. Cleora's son Ebert was unsure if Charlie first built the house and then courted Cleora or the other way around.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">John, Cleora, and John's wife Josephine?</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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The house that (I believe) was John's (804 14th st) was recently up for rent, described as <br />
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<h2 class="postingtitle">
<span class="postingtitletext"><span id="titletextonly">Vintage home on an acre with Sun River in back! Room for horses!</span></span>Room for horses and gardening. Located on the Sun River. Very private, rural living within the city limits. Home is next door to 734 14th St SW, and backyard faces the Sun River levee. Property has river access, but no dock. <span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">10</span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: small;"> John remarried, divorced, remarried the same gal, and when she was gone married one more time. He did not live out his days in the Great Falls house, but lived in California and Oregon where he died in 1962.<span style="font-size: xx-small;">11</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sources:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">1. Montana Historical Society Research Center, Montana History Compass, "Montana Orphanages", ed. Barbara Pepper Rotness, last viewed June 2018, www.http://mthistory.pbworks.com/w/page/100755328/Subject%20Guides%3A%20Genealogy%20Guide%3A%20Montana%20Orphanages</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">2. http://www.stthomaskids.org/about/history</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">3. https://www.providence.org/about/providence-archives/past-forward-newsletter/winter-2001/historical-photos-from-st-thomas-orphanage</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">4. Death Certificate for Freida Bornemann Schlomer, #4516, Great Falls, Cascade, Montana, Bureau of Vital Statistics.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">5. "Maryland, Baltimore Passenger Lists, 1820-1948," database with images,
<i>FamilySearch</i>
(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:2CSK-X98 : 15 March 2018),
Frieda Bornemann, 1906; citing Immigration, Baltimore, Baltimore,
Maryland, United States, NARA microfilm publications M255, M596, and
T844 (Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration,
n.d.); FHL film 1,454,840. John's ship manifest has been found (as he reported on his naturalization record) but somehow his name is not on it. It is assumed that he traveled alone since he does not appear with any family members in census or other records, and his known siblings remained in Germany</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">6. Correspondence from St. Thomas archives, in possession of Jaclyn Day, SF, Utah.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">7. Mortuary invoice for Mrs. Freida Schlomer, copy in possession of Jaclyn Day, SF, Utah. John's place of employment is listed as American Brewery Co. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">8. "United States Census, 1920," database with images,
<i>FamilySearch</i>
(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:M83J-QKX : accessed 1 November
2018), John Schloma, Great Falls Ward 5, Cascade, Montana, United
States; citing ED 32, sheet 12B, line 86, family 281, NARA microfilm
publication T625 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records
Administration, 1992), roll 968; FHL microfilm 1,820,968.</span> <br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">9. www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-some-breweries-survived-prohibition-180962754/</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">10. https://greatfalls.craigslist.org/apa/d/vintage-home-on-an-acre-with/6721679902.html</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">11. "Oregon Death Index, 1903-1998," database,
<i>FamilySearch</i>
(https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VZH5-GBR : 11 December 2014),
John Schlomer, 25 Jan 1962; from "Oregon, Death Index, 1898-2008,"
database and images, <i>Ancestry</i>
(http://www.ancestry.com : 2000); citing Coos, Oregon, certificate
number 152, Oregon State Archives and Records Center, Salem.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Other insights/lore obtained from interviews in 2018 with Cleora's son and daughter-in-law, Ebert and Bev Heagy of Montana. </span></div>
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</section>heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-24462479617097598942018-08-05T19:34:00.001-07:002018-08-05T19:34:36.321-07:00Let's Go Camping with the Van De RietsHarry and Bess loved the great outdoors and were troopers about teaching their kids to do the same. Especially Bess (was a trooper!) She eventually had nine babies and was still game for hi-jinks like this! So sit back and imagine yourself in the mid-1920s, Montana--the Big Sky Country. What do you do for fun, with a passel of kids?<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">It's the Griswold family vacation! LOVE the tent tied to the fender. Wish I could hold my baby in the backseat.</span></td></tr>
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Harry's mother was an amateur photographer with her own darkroom. His brother Hi was a war photographer (cRAZY!) who took shots across enemy lines in WWI. Harry picked up a few skills and so we have an inordinate amount of photographs of this particular family with their cute kiddos. Of course, I always think My Grandma LaVonne is the cutest. <br />
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Not sure if this is dinner? You can see a Dutch oven on the fire and a tent to the left. Back before established campgrounds with picnic tables, firepits and outhouses. (These pictures were labelled with LaVonne when she was still living, but I wonder if the baby above is actually her older brother Ray.)<br />
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A later trip, but you can see what they liked to do while they were out in the woods. There are many fishing pictures in the collection.<br />
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LOVE this picture of Grandma Bess, wading with her little boys. She easily could kept her skirts on and sat with the baby, but here she is cooling her feet. What a great mom.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-BjgRKfEhQDMY0DE9YVARC0wI5eWsG1QorhfgXcTpsvtdJuIr2X-kPSRJ_abCV7azxw0A4h7q7TGTP-6dTTw8pX9kg-Kp6qyr2tmJKfUXZ5wQ-kBU7mEREDBryB89r8uo0WxJs8u1icsN/s1600/Scan_20180328+%25289%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="996" data-original-width="835" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-BjgRKfEhQDMY0DE9YVARC0wI5eWsG1QorhfgXcTpsvtdJuIr2X-kPSRJ_abCV7azxw0A4h7q7TGTP-6dTTw8pX9kg-Kp6qyr2tmJKfUXZ5wQ-kBU7mEREDBryB89r8uo0WxJs8u1icsN/s640/Scan_20180328+%25289%2529.jpg" width="536" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Of course, this was something Harry had already discovered she had a weakness for. (Aren't they so darling?)</span></td></tr>
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This photo appears to be behind a house, not camping, but I wonder if they brought the dogs, too?<br />
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They liked to go with their extended family, as well it appears.<br />
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What a great Twenties-era sundress! Perfect for a day in the great outdoors. I think she is leaning against the tire. She needed a camp chair.<br />
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Sometimes they went to the lake.<br />
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Harry with his string of fish. Later in life, semi-retired, I think he worked as a game checker in Augusta. Are all these fish regulation size?<br />
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Not sure where this is, but it looks like fun.<br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">Fishing with cousins means you get a LOT of fish. (These are Harry's sister Marie's kids, the Schnee's, sitting with Harry and Jack.)</span><br />
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The cousins lived close to Glacier park. At least I think that's where this is.<br />
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Jack, Ray, Harry and LaVonne. Loving the overalls.<br />
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Once again, this may be baby Ray, not LaVonne.<br />
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Ok, there's the dog.</div>
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The camping and fishing remained an important part of the Van De Riet children's lives and with their own families. </div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha4d0-WI0xyUEDW_noR22QHQ18w_ZHKhYacpQu2D7WgQOKI3G40U8H2MmPAFA2xXJGcm3kNTF7md5Fidl0PH_UHp7FxrqY9ysP-biBW0IPamemuYdxHvxdxBxjFQdcRjiNOznMq3qqr3cE/s1600/Scan_20180408+%252888%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="937" data-original-width="1496" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEha4d0-WI0xyUEDW_noR22QHQ18w_ZHKhYacpQu2D7WgQOKI3G40U8H2MmPAFA2xXJGcm3kNTF7md5Fidl0PH_UHp7FxrqY9ysP-biBW0IPamemuYdxHvxdxBxjFQdcRjiNOznMq3qqr3cE/s640/Scan_20180408+%252888%2529.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Here is LaVonne as a young mother. Hubby Jack Haynes and sister Normie Van De Riet are behind the table. (They have picnic tables by now.)</span></td></tr>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4fhVvc9_Q3cPWCw4ldJRTf6UV24rTP-4sWypFWQwwyft0NYe1HQrGKtP29lemVKsNpSgq9CtPky3zGRDZ1CnHRsgE4zYpaIC4rc1riwGLru3PpHgyZe34qMJJ1dsasJdBBEUIbXruBx1T/s1600/Scan_20180327+%252811%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="930" data-original-width="895" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4fhVvc9_Q3cPWCw4ldJRTf6UV24rTP-4sWypFWQwwyft0NYe1HQrGKtP29lemVKsNpSgq9CtPky3zGRDZ1CnHRsgE4zYpaIC4rc1riwGLru3PpHgyZe34qMJJ1dsasJdBBEUIbXruBx1T/s400/Scan_20180327+%252811%2529.jpg" width="383" /></a><br />
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LaVonne with a string of fish of her own.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEpqNhbw_BX4tGCP7gvI7-LNnnmpPN9BnKnhECi2VxXLfV9anbYh-IS2k12XYA6JeZSdReWAVWdOfIDO6jxL7PWPLxJyyXehsrYCs5lmz3Qu1dGjWdNqmodOXqjxs5PjR1mLTd5KqgEmHK/s1600/Scan_20180408+%252883%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1094" data-original-width="1600" height="436" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEpqNhbw_BX4tGCP7gvI7-LNnnmpPN9BnKnhECi2VxXLfV9anbYh-IS2k12XYA6JeZSdReWAVWdOfIDO6jxL7PWPLxJyyXehsrYCs5lmz3Qu1dGjWdNqmodOXqjxs5PjR1mLTd5KqgEmHK/s640/Scan_20180408+%252883%2529.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">And LaVonne and her hubby Jack took their grandchildren fishing, and to the mountains, and to the lakes.</span></td></tr>
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And it culminates in a campground of "our" own! I remember this night. (I'm in the striped sleeves). This is a great place, right close to the airfield. Maybe i will leave this post a little open ended, and add some more camping and fishing through the Van De Riet generations as I come across them, so Check Back Later for more goodies!<br />
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<br />heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-1256336461281367762016-11-04T13:55:00.000-07:002016-11-04T13:55:00.913-07:00The Whaler's Bribe: Patriot Nathan Coffin This is a new Revolutionary War ancestor I came across this summer. So inspiring!<br />
<br />
I won't bore you with the exciting (to me) research processes that led me to this grandfather, (you can ask me later if we're ever stuck on a long car ride together with no radio) just trust me that he's on our tree and enjoy his story. Here is how I am related.<br />
<br />
Me; Mom; Grandpa Heagy; C.A.S. Heagy; Martha J. Cooper; Thomas B. Cooper; Emily Coffin; George Coffin; Nathan Coffin.<br />
<br />
Our story begins in Nantucket.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjShbuv-zsSayrry9Rfdiz1BX-HBeAang41UM3f_Rjr7Y3iXZDgkFlMRGyfZQBZ6DW9WZyXQQcChkSKdBxJPUYOIHO9BHHTTHj1UPydJYg4p9i1uMY0MYh0KWlGygAJxidvvhWBDrNDe-bU/s1600/whale+tail.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjShbuv-zsSayrry9Rfdiz1BX-HBeAang41UM3f_Rjr7Y3iXZDgkFlMRGyfZQBZ6DW9WZyXQQcChkSKdBxJPUYOIHO9BHHTTHj1UPydJYg4p9i1uMY0MYh0KWlGygAJxidvvhWBDrNDe-bU/s400/whale+tail.png" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Nantucket Sleigh Ride" refers to the whale pulling the boat after it has been harpooned.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Nantucket is famous for its whaling, sea going families. It was recently portrayed in the move "In the Heart of the Sea". The movie is based on a nonfiction book, so the names used were authentic--and there was a Mr. Coffin on the ship! (Even if he was a villain.)<br />
<br />
Nantucket was in a unique geographical position--very close to the migrating whales. An incredible industry began, bringing a new source of light to America.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">For almost a hundred
and fifty years — from the early 1700s to the 1840s — Nantucket was
the whaling capital of the world. As Melville wrote in Moby-Dick: "Thus have
these . . . Nantucketers overrun and conquered the watery world like so many Alexanders."-<span style="font-size: xx-small;">-from Nantucket Historical Association</span></span></blockquote>
Our Coffin family was a proud, prominent part of this tight-knit community. I say tight-knit for multiple reasons. (Yes, intermarrying was a big reason.) The population was small, like a small town but much closer because of the terrible dangers faced by its whalers. I imagine the women were also incredibly close as they were left alone for years on end. It was probably almost like a military situation--bands of brothers with their wives weeping at home together. Anyway, anyone ever heard of a widow's walk?<br />
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It's that rooftop balcony that the wives would watch for the return of their sailors. That was their life. The women probably hated it but the menfolk LOVED it. Such an exciting lifestyle. Stay with me, this is an important part of the story.<br />
<br />
I knew that the Coffins were Nantucket whalers--that part of the story was passed down--but I was surprised to find records of our grandmother Emily Coffin born in Easton Co. New York. Very much inland. So what happened? I didn't think I would ever know the reason for the family's migration, but I found it, and it is a much more dramatic story than I would have ever guessed.<br />
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Emily's cousin Charles Marshall happened to be a rich merchant mariner and an important statesman heavily involved with the early GOP. When he died, his obit was printed in the New York Times, he was memorialized during Congress, and also a small biography was written about him and his forebears. Huzzah! Apparently the authors of the memorial interviewed his surviving whaler brothers, and they tell what happened to our Nantucket Coffin family.<br />
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<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"The Revolutionary War...greatly interfered with the prosecution of the Nantucket whale-fisheries. The English men-of-war, cruising off the American coast, would often intercept the vessels seeking to make their way into port laden with the fruits of long years of labor and exposure in distant seas, while to send a ship refitted and equipped on an outward voyage was to risk its speedy capture. The hardy islanders, thus blockaded <br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">British Man-of-War</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
on the side of the ocean by an enemy whom they had no means of resisting, turned their eyes to the main-land. New England, from which their ancestors had been driven by persecution a century before, [I'm guessing because they were Quakers?] was not thought of as an asylum, but the border counties of new York offered a good climate, and cheap land, capable of being easily cleared of the forest and reduced to cultivation. In 1779, a number of families broke up at Nantucket.... They took up [in] what is now the richest part of Washington County [NY]." </blockquote>
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That was the generic story of the community. Now on to our grandfather Nathan Coffin's particular adventure.<br />
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<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"Nathan Coffin had been a contemporary, perhaps a shipmate, of [Charles' other grandfather] Benjamin Marshall. After a life of adventure on the ocean, he had set out, in an ox-team, with his wife, his son, and his daughters, for a new home in a northern wilderness. He had experienced something <b>more than mere apprehension of peril from British cruisers</b>. Before the Revolution, he had succeeded in saving from the earnings of some prosperous voyages a moderate sum of money, which he put into a common stock with some of his Nantucket neighbors, and, going to London, engaged with them in the venture of chartering a small vessel, which they freighted with a cargo of assorted merchandise for a home port. The war was already imminent, and, fearing trouble, the copartners procured a permit from the English admiralty authorizing them to enter any port on the American coast.<br />
<br />
They sailed with their cargo and crossed the ocean safely, but as they neared Nantucket were boarded by an English man-of-war; their pass was disregarded; [the OUTRAGE!] their vessel and cargo was seized as lawful prize, and the whole company, stripped of everything, were taken to Martinique, and from there to New York, w<b>here they were thrown into the prison-ship "Jersey," of infamous memory</b>". </blockquote>
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About this prison-ship<i> Jersey</i>. I knew the British liked to use old rotten, unseaworthy hulks as prisons because their prisons on land were always overflowing. The <i>HMS Jersey</i> is pretty well known and there is a lot of information about her. She was built in 1736, fought in Colombia against the Spaniards in 1739, badly damaged in battle in 1745, repaired and took part in the Battle of Lagos in 1759. By 1771 it was hulked and converted to a hospital ship in Wallabout Bay, New York. Then when the war began the British used her as a prison ship for captured Continental Army soldiers, "making her infamous due to the harsh conditions in which the prisoners were kept. Thousands of men were crammed below decks where there was no natural light or fresh air and few provisions for the sick and hungry...with brutal mistreatment by the British guards becoming fairly common. As many as eight corpses a day were buried from the <i>Jersey</i> alone before the British surrendered ...in 1781. When the British evacuated New York at the end of 1783, <i>Jersey</i> was abandoned and burnt in the harbour, having had approximately 8,000 prisoners on board. ...<b>Some 11,000 prisoners died aboard the prison ships over the course of the war,</b> many from disease or malnutrition. Many of these were inmates of the notorious <i>HMS Jersey</i>, <b>which earned the nickname "Hell" for its inhumane conditions and the obscenely high death rate of its prisoners</b>.<br />
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There are some surviving accounts, this one from Robert Sheffield of Connecticut, who was on a British prison ship during the Revolution, thought not necessarily the <i>Jersey</i>.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"The heat was so intense that (the hot sun shining all day on deck) they were all naked, which also served the well to get rid of vermin, but the sick were eaten up alive. Their sickly countenances, and ghastly looks were truly horrible; some swearing and blaspheming; others crying, praying, and wringing their hands; and stalking about like ghosts; others delirious, raving and storming, --all panting for breath; some dead, and corrupting the air was so foul that at times a lamp could not be kept burning, by reason of which the bodies were not missed until they had been dead ten days."</blockquote>
Back to Nathan Coffin, prison ship survivor.<br />
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<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"In this wretched hulk <b>Nathan Coffin lay for eleven months</b>, sharing the privations and insults which made so many martyrs to the cruelties which disgraced the British occupation of our harbor. The vessel was anchored in the East River, and from time to time was visited by a lieutenant of the British navy, who approached many of the prisoners with offers of commissions in His Majesty's service, provided they would <b>renounce the cause of the rebels, and give in the adhesion to the crown</b>.<br />
<br />
To Nathan Coffin, who was an able and experienced shipmaster, <b>he made liberal promises</b>, tendering him a command and large pay. The reply of the stout-hearted sailor contained the whole spirit of the struggle for independence: 'You may hang me to the yard-arm of your frigate, but<b> do not ask me to turn traitor to my country!</b>' Isaac Coffin, an own cousin of Nathan, also an able seaman, but lacking the patriotic ardor of his kinsman, yielded to the tempting offers of a commission, rose to the highest naval rank in the British service, and figures on its rolls as Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin. [Isaac was not a prisoner when offered the commission, he was simply a loyalist already working for the navy. He was also not a first cousin, just a kinsman, from Boston, not Nantucket. I fact checked.] His loyal cousin, plain Nathan Coffin, never forgave what he deemed desertion from the flag and treason against the government of his native country. He persisted in his own choice of steadfast adhesion to the doubtful cause of the colonists, and, after suffering the privations of the prison-ship for eleven months, <b>was at last released</b>. He at once made his way to Nantucket, and shortly afterward, as we have seen, joined the party of emigrants to the colony in northern New York."</blockquote>
Nathan gave up his beloved whaling and "spent the rest of his life as a farmer," although some of his sons and grandsons eventually continued the seafaring profession. Nathan lived until 1813, the midst of the War of 1812, and some of his last words showed "the fervent hope that there 'might be an honorable peace, or none.'"<br />
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There is actually a bit of an appendix to this story, concerning that "traitor" Sir Isaac Coffin and how he made good.<br />
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During the War of 1812, Nathan's son Charles (our g-uncle), was chief mate on the <i>Melpomene</i>. When they were on route to Amsterdam the ship received some damage and actually had to put into Portsmouth England for repairs. That would be tricky during war! Especially in 1812 when the Brits were "practising the impressment of American seamen". Anyway, a British ship docked next to them and there was a bit of an altercation that ended with Charles throwing a young British lieutenant off the ship. Charles was imprisoned and then arraigned before the admiral and his officers.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIFdjaQoyH1rHSSAVrwVEekvVbe4_a-TCXyEN4_AfFj84aSjFeD73QKIRcPIJFsdhurOjQ9wKUt_85_fxOXD3eptKeBzBmxIt3fWvIuKu4-M58Gu37IWaj5ud2FzP3GmKx1Vy1t6QyGqlX/s1600/220px-Isaac_Coffin_%25281759_-1839%2529%252C_Admiral_of_the_Blue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIFdjaQoyH1rHSSAVrwVEekvVbe4_a-TCXyEN4_AfFj84aSjFeD73QKIRcPIJFsdhurOjQ9wKUt_85_fxOXD3eptKeBzBmxIt3fWvIuKu4-M58Gu37IWaj5ud2FzP3GmKx1Vy1t6QyGqlX/s1600/220px-Isaac_Coffin_%25281759_-1839%2529%252C_Admiral_of_the_Blue.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Admiral Isaac Coffin</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<blockquote class="tr_bq">
The admiral asked the young man his name. He answered, "Charles Coffin." "Whose son are you?" asked the admiral. "Nathan Coffin's." the admiral hesitated a moment, and then remanded the prisoner, saying that he could not be tried until the next day. The same afternoon the admiral came on board the guard-ship and sent for the prisoner. He said to him privately: "I am Admiral Coffin, your father's own cousin. You have thrown overboard one of His Majesty's officers, and there is nothing to prevent your swinging from the yard-arm, but I will try to clear you." He then instructed his belligerent kinsman to express regret for his hasty conduct, and to make what reparation he could by apologizing for his rashness and violence, and to leave the rest to him. The mate readily acquiesced, and, after appearing the second time before his judge, was sent back to his ship unharmed. Afterward the admiral paid him a visit, and invited him to dinner. Doubtless he hoped that the part he had taken to protect his gallant young kinsman would prompt kindly thoughts toward him in the heart of old Nathan Coffin." </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
(Isaac later contributed funds to establish the Coffin School back on Nantucket Island, with a mission to "promote decency and morality".)</blockquote>
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So<b>urces</b><br />
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"> </cite></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Butler, William Allen. (1867). <a class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=HBIUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA13" rel="nofollow"><i>Memorial of Charles H. Marshall</i></a>. D. Appleton. pp. 13–.</cite></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"></span> Oldham, Elizabeth. "Brief History of Nantucket". Nantucket Historical Association website, 2016.</cite></span></span></span><br />
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><br /></cite></span></span></span>
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">"HMS Jersey". Wikipedia.org. October 2016.</cite></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"> www.nantucketpreservation.org. November 2016.</cite></span></span></span><br />
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><br /></cite></span></span></span>
<span id="citespan"><span id="previewSpan"><span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">"Sir Isaac Coffin, 1st Baronet". Wikipedia.org. November 2016.</cite></span></span></span>heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-53497214403537280272016-05-31T19:06:00.000-07:002016-05-31T19:06:53.304-07:00Two Silver Pistols and a Blacksnake Whip: Daniel Newell Drake, part twoAt the end of a very long train ride from Simms, Montana to Ogden, Utah, a devastated little boy (he had lost his Cracker Jacks pea-shooter on the train) went to meet his grandfather for the very first time in his memory. His grandfather was Daniel Newell Drake the third, and he was dead in a coffin.<br />
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The dead man had white hair, a large mustache, and something <i>especially</i> wonderful: two six-shooters hanging prominently on the wall next to the coffin. There were Colt 45s, pearl handled and nickel or silver plated. <br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.imfdb.org/images/thumb/b/bf/PattonPistol_02.jpg/350px-PattonPistol_02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://www.imfdb.org/images/thumb/b/bf/PattonPistol_02.jpg/350px-PattonPistol_02.jpg" height="292" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">For example, these are General Patton's, one is original, one was made for a movie.</td></tr>
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Later, at the funeral, if young Jack had been listening instead of dreaming of shoot-outs and glory, he might have noticed a few things: <br />
<br />
The crowd at the Wilson Ward Chapel would have been large because Grandpa Drake had an enormous family and many friends. (Jack did note in his memoirs that the funeral was huge.) Jack's older cousin Irene was crying because she was missing the best, kindest Grandpa who ever lived. Also, whoever gave the eulogy on Daniel Newell Drake would have had a lot of material because that man in the coffin had left behind a legacy of courage, statesmanship and service, and had witnessed and participated in tremendous growth and change, especially in the state of Utah. <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP4Pyk_s7U2VpGjxRuJnDqynS_j8mBZLQRyQI2ga-S475idgT15_E0Mw5ZmvvATxWCWUHgrdUOBUwxRUCnVwEnFfk_oqmEW2wN4I2_C_yCn1zLHytBTSGptpGS8nv_XZCZa-L3gZD6KaJG/s1600/DND,+Irene,+and+Shep.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP4Pyk_s7U2VpGjxRuJnDqynS_j8mBZLQRyQI2ga-S475idgT15_E0Mw5ZmvvATxWCWUHgrdUOBUwxRUCnVwEnFfk_oqmEW2wN4I2_C_yCn1zLHytBTSGptpGS8nv_XZCZa-L3gZD6KaJG/s1600/DND,+Irene,+and+Shep.jpg" width="176" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Irene with her Grandpa Drake </td></tr>
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After the funeral (which I am sure ran rather long for nearly five-year-old Jack Drake Haynes, his equally naughty brother Seth, and consequently, their mother, Pearl), the beautiful pistols were gone. <i>Stolen!</i> The mystery remains unsolved. No pea-shooter for Jack, no six-shooters either.<br />
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I don't know much more about the mystery of the stolen pistols, or if it is all just a misunderstanding that got turned into some great family lore, but in any case, we do know what they would have been used for. Daniel Drake was a sheriff.<br />
<br />
There has been some confusion over this because Jack was under the impression that his Grandpa Drake was the Weber County Sheriff and also that he served as County Commissioner at one time. Daniel's daughter Pearl also said in an interview that her dad was Weber County Sheriff when she was little. I went to the Weber County Sheriff's department website and was pleased to see that they have a <a href="http://www.co.weber.ut.us/sheriff/aboutus/history.php">history and roster of their past sheriffs</a>, but dismayed to realize that Grandpa Drake was not on the list. There <i>were</i> some tantalizing gaps in the record, also a request on the site for further information.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix5W88rrVMOGZJttisNYgHwewPvtymWHs_vCFHktU8Lzf4_1FusyaH_OHx-TLWvxefgAWwIWBZQwdsvfBJrjq4wEfg0fmXRFhKlahyphenhyphen7Sdj2TkvK9T7rshFf4WcWwRcgMqq6bapkq4gd6_t/s1600/Young+DND.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix5W88rrVMOGZJttisNYgHwewPvtymWHs_vCFHktU8Lzf4_1FusyaH_OHx-TLWvxefgAWwIWBZQwdsvfBJrjq4wEfg0fmXRFhKlahyphenhyphen7Sdj2TkvK9T7rshFf4WcWwRcgMqq6bapkq4gd6_t/s1600/Young+DND.jpg" width="222" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">DND before his sheriff days.</span></td></tr>
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So, I corresponded with an officer there who has been working on the department history. (And you can bet I made mention to some of my friends in passing that I was "collaborating" with the Weber County Sheriff's Department in an ongoing investigation, haha.) He was intrigued and kind enough look into this matter, and also shared some old photos of the department in front of the station at the time Grandpa Drake would have been there. (He told me I was not at liberty to disseminate those, which I take to mean, I could share them, but then he'd have to kill me.) <br />
<br />
As far as I could tell, Daniel was not pictured, although it was tricky to rule him out since they pretty much all had large mustaches. He would have been friends with those men, but it seemed that they were mostly full-time policemen in uniform, and I knew Grandpa Drake was not.<br />
<br />
A digital search of the newspapers around the turn of the century did not yield up Grandpa Drake's name as winning the county sheriff's election or the commissioner's, but his name did pop up for several other things--more on this later. <br />
<br />
About this time I received a copy of Daniel's personal history, <a href="https://familysearch.org/photos/images/7080863?returnLabel=Daniel%20Newell%20Drake%20%28KWCT-RK4%29&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Ffamilysearch.org%2Ftree%2F%23view%3Dancestor%26person%3DKWCT-RK4%26section%3Dmemories&tagId=5326386">written in his own hand</a>, from great-grandson Kerry Parker. Surely Daniel would have noted such a position as County Sheriff in his history?<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0x0JaCmNBDvKcgmwZrngGz6QvLxUer6xSUZbWKFe7yyaTwRqPzOQOR5oDnxl5Ytqvxls-3-a-FY-Drj_c_CMKHKTaw0ve8Z611jcRjUefcGCgsTVf_uXsWNnr8XejwtS8nFITVWSKoI1k/s1600/1-25++ogden+rail+yards.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="280" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0x0JaCmNBDvKcgmwZrngGz6QvLxUer6xSUZbWKFe7yyaTwRqPzOQOR5oDnxl5Ytqvxls-3-a-FY-Drj_c_CMKHKTaw0ve8Z611jcRjUefcGCgsTVf_uXsWNnr8XejwtS8nFITVWSKoI1k/s1600/1-25++ogden+rail+yards.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ogden Rail yards ca. 1950</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Straight from the horse's mouth, he states, at the end of a long resume' of jobs and positions: "peace officer and Deputy Sheriff in Wilson for 16 years." To double check that he hadn't written this history <i>before</i> he served, I also finally tracked down his obituary from the Ogden-Standard Examiner. It simply mentions that he was a peace officer for 16 years. So, as far as I can tell, Daniel was not the Weber County Sheriff but had a long run as Deputy Sheriff of Wilson Lane.<br />
<br />
I don't know that Daniel's pistols ever earned any notches, (although he was involved in at least one all-night shootout down at the Ogden rail yards--the men finally surrendered). He did stay busy. Jack tells that as a little girl Pearl Drake had to take trays of food out to a garage/shed on their property that her Dad used as a temporary lockup when he had to detain someone overnight, or before he had a chance to haul them in to the jail which was 5-6 miles away. I also know that Daniel's guns would have been on fine display during his most notable job: guarding a President of the United States.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.cardcow.com/images/set411/card00606_fr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://www.cardcow.com/images/set411/card00606_fr.jpg" height="204" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Historic Washington and 25th Street, Ogden, Utah.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
It was May, 1903. Theodore Roosevelt was in the midst of a whirlwind 25 state speaking tour, which included some extensive camping in the newly created Yellowstone National Park. By virtue of the railroad, Ogden was lucky enough to secure a stop. They honored the President with a parade down Ogden's majestic 25th street, and also by providing an ample guard. Sheriff Drake was part of that escort.<br />
<br />
Pearl puts this on record. "President Roosevelt came to make a speech there in Ogden. My father and several deputies guarded him while he went up to make his speech. Mother, I, Ira, and my younger brother Emery came along in the buggy."<br />
<br />
Wyoming's historical society has a large amount of information about TR's 1903 tour, <a href="http://www.wyohistory.org/encyclopedia/president-theodore-roosevelts-1903-visit-wyoming">including links</a> to transcripts of several speeches (they were pretty much the same). After the speech he got back on the train and was in Evanston by that evening.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://img.deseretnews.com/images/top/mobmain/31034/31034.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://img.deseretnews.com/images/top/mobmain/31034/31034.jpg" height="400" width="373" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">"President Theodore Roosevelt is shown in this photo during a visit to
Ogden, Utah, on May 29, 1903. From left to right are shown Secretary of
the Navy Benjamin Tracy, President Roosevelt and Utah's Sen. Reed Smoot.
Roosevelt defended Smoot to the Senate and the Nation when his seating
as a Senator was questioned."--<a href="http://www.deseretnews.com/top/1861/2/Theodore-Roosevelt-1903-Capturing-history-From-Roosevelt-to-Obama-heres-a-look-at-US-presidents.html">Deseret News, 2013</a>.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
TR was "the first President to receive full-time Secret Service protection (although this was not at his request)". It especially made sense because he had become the youngest president ever by virtue of serving as Vice-President under McKinley, who died by an assassin's bullet. Nine years <i>later</i>, Roosevelt would also be shot in the chest in Milwaukee, but after announcing the commotion to the crowd, unbuttoning his vest and seeing where the bullet had gone through his notes and his eyeglass case before it "pinked" him, he went on speaking for 90 minutes! He claimed that "It takes more than that to kill a Bull Moose!". The would-be assassin, a schizophrenic unemployed man, was wrestled and stopped by TR's male stenographer. (That would have been a bit embarrassing to the guards, I imagine.) So anyway, the job of guarding the President was very real and I am sure Daniel took it very seriously. <a href="http://www.history.com/news/shot-in-the-chest-100-years-ago-teddy-roosevelt-kept-on-talking">Here's a great article about the attempt</a> written at the 100th anniversary of the shooting, with pictures of artifacts, etc.<br />
<br />
Guarding the President was really only one small way of many that Daniel participated in the history of Utah. Read on.<br />
<ul>
<li>Born at Binghams Fort in Feb. 1853, (before the actual fort was built), one of the forts created for protection from the Indians at Brigham Young's pronouncement to "fort up!" in July 1853. Erastus Bingham had been a close associate of Daniel's father D. Newell for years and eventually became Newell's step-father. (For more about Newel's and Erastus's pioneer story, read my post, <a href="http://storyapples.blogspot.com/2014/07/a-ponca-winter-saint-d-newell-drake.html">Ponca Winter Saint</a>.) The original Erastus Bingham cabin, which would have been very similar to Daniel's and in fact, neighbored it, has been relocated and is on display at Lagoon Park. (Binghams Fort has <a href="http://binghamsfort.org/">an <i>awesome</i> historical website</a>.) The settlers lived in close contact with the Shoshoni Indians, also called the Weber Utes, and after some conflict and resolution, the white men of the fort (like Newell, Daniel was a baby at this time) were taught the Shoshoni dialect at the schoolhouse. This may have afforded Daniel some skills later in life. Stay tuned!<br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://binghamsfort.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/map-yesterday-farm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://binghamsfort.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/map-yesterday-farm.jpg" height="362" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">You can see the original fort properties here belonging to Daniel's father, also named Daniel Newel Drake.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</li>
</ul>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://binghamsfort.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/img093.jpg?w=393&h=353" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://binghamsfort.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/img093.jpg?w=393&h=353" height="358" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The fort walls were made of mud and wattle. Painting by Farrell R. Collett.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul>
<li>In 1858, when Daniel was five, Brigham Young told the inhabitants of Northern Utah to abandon their forts and settlements rather than fight Johnston's army. A few men were left behind to torch the place if necessary, and the faithful departed. Daniel writes that Newell took his family south to Payson, but they only had to stay about a year before they returned. The family also lived in Provo from 1863 to 1867.</li>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://miningartifacts.homestead.com/Ore_cars-_Bingham_Canyon_-_1892.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://miningartifacts.homestead.com/Ore_cars-_Bingham_Canyon_-_1892.jpg" height="241" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ore Cars, Bingham Canyon 1892. Descended by gravity, hauled back by horsepower.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Bingham_mine_5-10-03.jpg/220px-Bingham_mine_5-10-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Bingham_mine_5-10-03.jpg/220px-Bingham_mine_5-10-03.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bingham Mine 2003 --wikipedia</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<li>Daniel was a busy teenager and during those years participated in some major, historically significant projects. He was not your average farm boy. "I worked on the C. P. railroad down in Grouse Creek in the fall of 1868. I worked for the Utah Central Railroad in 1869 and was employed by that company until the end of December when the railroad was completed as far as Farmington, Utah. I went to East Canyon, Tooele Valley in 1871 to work in the mines there and left the same year to go to Bingham [probably the town around the mine, not the fort]" I don't know if his family connection to the Bingham's had anything to do with this. The jump from railroads to mining seems a little strange, but the two are actually connected. Many of the smaller, "local" tracks were built to facilitate the mines.</li>
</ul>
Utah's rail project was unique because it was a private enterprise, sponsored by the church. It was really something wonderful.<br />
<br />
A biography on Daniel is included in <i>Utah Since Statehood</i>, and it adds more detail to these years, and to how Daniel was an "upbuilder" of Utah, although the tone seems a bit flowery. Here is an excerpt.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: small;">Daniel N. Drake of this review was reared to manhood upon the homestead
farm and early became familiar with the best methods of tilling the soil
and caring for the crops, working in the fields when not busy with the
duties of the schoolroom. For three years he was employed in the Bingham
mines and then returned to the farm. When fifteen years of age he drove
a team and helped on the railroad when the line was being built through
Ogden. He had a ride on the first passenger train that entered Salt
Lake City. He also in the early days took part in several Indian
skirmishes, yet the Drake family were friends of the Indians, always
ready to share with them and give them shelter, and therefore they won
the friendship of the red men. With all of the experiences of frontier
life Mr. Drake is familiar and he has lived to witness a remarkable
transformation in Utah as the work of development has been carried
steadily forward. Not only has he been identified with farming and other
interests but has also engaged in contracting for several years. He is
now the owner of excellent ranch property, which is highly developed and
improved, and he has for the past four years been field superintendent
of the canning factory of the Utah Canning Association. He was also the
field superintendent of the Van Allen Canning Company in Box Elder
county. </span></blockquote>
Did you catch the part about the "Indian skirmishes"? I am curious about what that might have been, or how serious (or if they really meant Daniel's father), but the statement that the "Drake family were friends of the Indians" rings true, particularly if father Newell might even have known a little of the Shoshoni language. Listen to this story about Daniel as told by his granddaughter Irene Drake Parker.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-size: small;">During my grandpa's earlier years, the area was very rural. Indians lived down by the river (Green Hollows), and that was a bit frightening at times. We loved to hear my grandfather's Indian stories! The Indian path was west of the old Drake home, and they would walk through our land. One night the residents were having a meeting at the church and school building on the sand hill (on the south side of the canal), and the Indians entered the building and would not leave. Someone in charge of the meeting said, "Go get Dan Drake. He knows how to talk to the Indians." Someone went and got Grandpa, and after he talked to the Indians, they left. </span></blockquote>
<br />
Once Daniel became a family man in 1874, he stayed on his farm in Wilson Lane but still participated in several community projects, besides serving as sheriff. I'll let him tell this part because I think it shows the things that he was most proud of.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
In 1875 I helped to build the foundation for the first school house in Wilson. I worked hauling lumber down from the mountains to the lumber yards. In 1880 I took charge of the Wilson Canal and worked at that for five years. I was a director of the Wilson Company for two years. Went into the dairy business and was in that business seven years. Then I helped build roads for the county and state for 12 years.</blockquote>
He was also: <br />
<ul>
<li> Founding member of the Republican Club in Wilson Lane </li>
<li>Election judge several times in his later years.</li>
<li>Field superintendant for the Utah Canning Association and Van Allen Canning Company, and would judge crops.</li>
<li>Ditchrider</li>
</ul>
Along with several other day-to-day, hardworking, community-minded, breadwinner for a large family type activities. No wonder his funeral was so well attended!<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
(If you missed part one of Two Silver Pistols and a Blacksnake Whip, the link is listed on the left sidebar.)<br />
<br />
heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-46535874222049571092016-04-10T20:30:00.002-07:002016-04-10T20:44:05.367-07:00Justice Served, Quaker Style: Aaron Cooper and the Plugged ThugWe know very little about our ancestor Aaron Peter Cooper. He died in 1836 when his first son, Thomas Benton Cooper, was only a baby, so Thomas didn't really know the man to pass down his stories. We don't know the names of Aaron's parents or family members. We don't know how he died, at what age, or when he was born. We don't know his occupation (although I have a guess). We have a rumor that either he or his father served in the War of 1812. He may have been a widower, but we aren't sure. We do know that he was probably born in Mullica Hill, New Jersey, which was a small Quaker town. We know he died in or near Liverpool, New York (although we don't know where he is buried.) Part of the problem is the lack of documentation, also that Aaron Cooper is a fairly common name in the area. (Me>Mom>Grandpa Heagy>C.A.S. Heagy>Martha Justine Cooper>Thomas Benton Cooper>Aaron Peter Cooper).<br />
<br />
One important thing we absolutely know is that Aaron was a Quaker.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.readthespirit.com/visual-parables/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/2014/08/buggy-race.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://www.readthespirit.com/visual-parables/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/2014/08/buggy-race.jpg" height="297" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">I love that one of my favorite movies is about a Quaker and stars Gary COOPER.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
I've been trying to find out a little more about this man, and was delighted to receive an actual story about him from the town historian in Liverpool, New York. And it's a funny story! Especially since Aaron was a Quaker and believed in nonviolence. That must have been hard in the old days--you had to get creative...<br />
<br />
This story was printed in the <i>Liverpool Telegraph</i>, June 1894, as a series of "Recollections and Reminiscences of Several Old Inhabitants of the Town of Salina" for the town centennial. (Salina was the neighboring settlement to Liverpool.) The story is told by a Mr. L. Godard.<br />
<br />
A little background to understand the story: Salina and Liverpool are on the shore of Onondaga Lake in Central New York. "Natural brine springs along the lake" were an attraction to the area that suddenly became very accessible with the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 and the Oswego Canal in 1828.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"During their stay the French noted the plentiful game and fish, and salt water bubbling from the ground in the brine springs. Salt was one of the very few means to preserve meat and fish and widely used to tan hides. </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
After the American Revolution, the prospects of salt fortunes drew people from New England and settlements down from the Mohawk and Hudson Rivers. John Danforth, one of the first settlers in Liverpool, began to boil salt in 1794. ...</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Salt blocks, buildings containing rows of salt boiling kettles, filled the Onondaga Lake shoreline from Bloody Brook to Balsam Street. By 1811, 36 Liverpool salt manufacturers produced 20,000 to 30,000 bushels annually. Salt was shipped by bateaux to Oswego Falls, then overland to Oswego and the Great Lakes, or by oxcart to other communities along rural "salt roads."</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Liverpool became a port village of Yankee settlers, Irish canal workers, and a later wave of German immigrants. Hotel and tavern keepers, grocers, blacksmiths, coopers, boat-builders, brick makers and builders flourished here with the salt workers." (from Liverpool Village Museum pamphlet).</blockquote>
The salt industry provides the setting and situation. Enjoy.<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"Old Squire Case['s]....jurisdiction included of course the whole town but he would positively have nothing to do at first hand with anything that happened in the somewhat turbulent region of the salt blocks and along the canal [sounds like an "other side of the tracks" situation]. He drew the line at Brow street. Employers and employees were all in the same category. Disputes, difficulties, fights and brawls below the hill were adjudicated generally<b> by two referees</b> whom the squire himself appointed if necessary.... <br />
<br />
One day...a stranger knocked down a man by the name of John Van Osten and battered him up some. With one eye done up in a sling and blood in the other he sought the seat of justice.<br />
<br />
"Where did this happen?" demanded the court.<br />
<br />
"Down in the salt blocks."<br />
<br />
"Then take it down there and settle it. I will have nothing to do with anything that happens down there. They must settle their own disputes."<br />
<br />
He however sent an order to Allen D. Kinnie and <b>Aaron P. Cooper </b>to look into the affair and mete out justice. Kinnie and Cooper with due deliberation assembled themselves together, and the parties to the trouble were brought before them. On all the evidence the sentence of the court was that the stranger be fined one gallon of rum; in default of which his head was to be held up to a hole in the reservoir and the plug pulled out. [AWESOME! I bet they were hoping he couldn't pay the rum.] He refused to pay the fine and was thereupon placed in position at the reservoir. Stakes were "druv" so as to hold him in position <b>and the deputies</b>, after all was ready and the briny depths had been stirred to the bottom,<b> knocked out the plug and let the pent up brine do its work</b>. The culprit, in a voice choked in agitation of the water yelled the best he could for mercy. Not though until it was thought the ends of justice were properly served was the tompkin [also "tampien"--the wooden stopper like over the muzzle of a gun, ie.,the plug] driven in again and the victim brought back to life.</blockquote>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syracuse_1900_salt-workers.jpg/220px-Syracuse_1900_salt-workers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="325" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syracuse_1900_salt-workers.jpg/220px-Syracuse_1900_salt-workers.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Solar salt workers in nearby Syracuse, New York, about 1900, image from Wikipedia.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-10837789954362200532015-09-23T16:09:00.000-07:002015-09-27T18:21:25.884-07:00"Massas" in Missouri: Aaron Fray and Wesley GreenThere are so many unknowns about our ancestors' lives. We can imagine. We can do our best to learn about the times and places they lived in, or the famous events they participated in, or the people they might have known. Sometimes we can learn from letters or diaries what <i>other </i>people at the time were doing and thinking, but usually, the best we can come up with is a couple of names and dates, especially the farther back you go. Once in awhile, though, you get surprised with something great--a STORY!<br />
<br />
That's why I was so excited to find not one, but TWO great stories concerning these 5x great grandfathers of mine from my Ely side, contemporaries and in-laws, Aaron Fray (1776-1854) and Wesley Green (1795-1871).<br />
<br />
I don't have many Southerners in my family tree. A few Virginians who later moved north. A few Kentuckians who later moved north. The Frays were in Virginia, and Greens in Maryland, then both families moved to Kentucky, then ended up in Missouri. That's moving north, right? Well, in the 1840s, 1850s, and 1860s Missouri was a pretty rough place to live, with a pretty raw and violent mix of peoples and ideologies. In 1821 it was admitted as a slave state as part of the Missouri Compromise. (Maine was admitted as a free state to keep things fair, and I had some family up there too at the time, the Philbrooks and Hardys, but we'll talk about them another day.)<br />
<br />
The Frays and the Greens lived in the Howard/Randolph county area of Missouri, which borders the Missouri River and lands smack in the middle of the state. (For those of you interested in the Mormon War in Missouri in the late 1830s, never fear, as far as I can tell these families were not near or involved in the area around Independence.) The area was settled mostly by Southerners from Kentucky and Virginia, and those Southerners brought their slaves and plantation ways. By the 1860 census, slaves accounted for 25% of the population in Howard County. (wikipedia.)<br />
<br />
It turns out that both Aaron and Wesley were slaveholders. Do we have any indication of what kind of masters they were? (I know you are all crossing your fingers and hoping they were nice.) Well, I think I have some answers for you.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0n04ZOJMMleIfGUDLDUp2XnciEcjlEnN273TGuf8yR3jPepHy9IKQzo57wVyir6SftH0mNwW8h-gX1phqnZuHRek8y4Uz_Pl-eJ1kewcoop9xEgNw0lwi7Avh9WIy0odYTHVsexQ1uEQ/s1600/Slavery-African-Americans-field-picture-civil+war.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0n04ZOJMMleIfGUDLDUp2XnciEcjlEnN273TGuf8yR3jPepHy9IKQzo57wVyir6SftH0mNwW8h-gX1phqnZuHRek8y4Uz_Pl-eJ1kewcoop9xEgNw0lwi7Avh9WIy0odYTHVsexQ1uEQ/s1600/Slavery-African-Americans-field-picture-civil+war.jpg" height="465" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
First Wesley Green. He was the younger of the two men and lived through the Civil War. A Methodist Episcopalian (whose church was burned at the beginning of the war.) He moved to Missouri with some of his brothers (also slaveholders) in the 1820s. He outlived his daughter Miranda who married Aaron's son Henry Fray. With a generic last name like Green, I wasn't hoping to find much information about the family, but it turns out that Wesley's name shows up in a very interesting list in<i> <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BtIyAQAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=history+of+chariton+and+howard+counties&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAGoVChMI4Nrv4beYyAIViD2SCh0SDA-y#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20chariton%20and%20howard%20counties&f=false">The History of Chariton and Howard Counties</a></i> published in (full text on Google Books, pg. 279).<br />
<br />
The list is a list of "Colored Recruits from Howard County", SLAVES who enlisted to fight in the Civil War--for the UNION! The list is 3 pages long!<br />
<br />
It includes:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Ollie, owned by Wesley Green<br />
Harrison, owned by Wesley Green<br />
Polk, owned by Wesley Green.</blockquote>
<br />
The author of the history includes this explanation:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"One of the most remarkable facts connected with the history of those times--a fact showing the astonishing credulity of the people--was the belief that the institution of slavery would either remain intact, or that the owners of slaves would be compensated for their loss."</blockquote>
So, although I don't know the fate of any of these slave recruits, (there's a research project for someone...) I do know that by the end of the war, they would no longer have been listed as "owned by Wesley Green"! I also know that they probably worked in manual labor instead of out and out fighting, so perhaps their lives did not seem that different.<br />
<br />
Hopefully Wesley was the type of master who allowed them to fight <i>because</i> it was their wish, not forced them to enlist in his stead, <i>against</i> their wish, as a show of patriotism.<br />
<br />
On to Aaron Fray. I don't know how well Wesley and Aaron knew each other (if at all) before their children were married in 1839. Aaron was a Virginian, and we know something very notable about his time there--he worked at one time as a contractor for one of the most famous Virginians of all--Thomas Jefferson! This was in 1820, and apparently was some ditch work for the construction of the University of Virginia (founded 1819). Of course, as a 45 year old slaveholder, it is likely that he used his "subs". Another researcher, Ms. Mertens, on Ancestry.com has written a short biography of Aaron Fray and includes the contract written by Jefferson. (The original is housed at the University of Virginia.)<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYGWv3fkJjXZXN5OL09Lgmo35283igTJhmPnPdaW3GYTY00zd2liTpCuOfLs97Ff4UuIcG7REl5BE70j1rTO4beklOZdlGjH9HGVjnEk-MYPgtu1wzdFvN0MWKUEFoFjvaSqxXXzegULGU/s1600/Jefferson+contract+to+Aaron+Fray%252C+as+found+on+FamilySearch%252C+original+at+Univ+of+Vir.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYGWv3fkJjXZXN5OL09Lgmo35283igTJhmPnPdaW3GYTY00zd2liTpCuOfLs97Ff4UuIcG7REl5BE70j1rTO4beklOZdlGjH9HGVjnEk-MYPgtu1wzdFvN0MWKUEFoFjvaSqxXXzegULGU/s640/Jefferson+contract+to+Aaron+Fray%252C+as+found+on+FamilySearch%252C+original+at+Univ+of+Vir.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
Around 1824, Aaron and his wife Lucy moved to Missouri. Aaron was Lutheran and raised sheep. <br />
<br />
Now for a real treat--and I am so amazed to have come across this. In 1933 a 97 year old woman named Mrs. Jennie Hill was interviewed for the local paper and was printed in the <i>Wichita Eagle</i>. She was a former slave, and her master was none other than Aaron Fray!<br />
<br />
(As shared by Kate Machill on <i>Ancestry.com</i>. The article was also later published in <em>Slave Testimony: Two Centuries of Letters, Speeches, Interviews, and Autobiographies, </em>by John Blassingame, 1977.<em>)</em><br />
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<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<em> </em>Jennie Hill, interviewed 1933 in Kansas by Florence Patton. Age: ninety-six, b. 1837, Missouri. Enslaved: Missouri.<br />
Slavery
days replete with stories of cruelty and inhuman treatment heaped on
the faithful slaves by a crucifying master, stories intensified by
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s “Uncle Tom’s Cabin,” are fast becoming mere
legends to the younger generation, studied once and then forgotten in
the humdrum of daily life.<br />
But to Mrs. Jennie Hill, 633 North
Water, mother of the late Robert Hill, for many years head waiter at the
Wichita Club and well known to every business man, slavery days are
real. For Mrs. Hill was born in slavery nearly 96 years ago.<br />
Today
Mrs. Hill lives in a modest home, she read of modern improvements and
takes and interest in leading political situations, but her heart and
thoughts are wont to turn back to the days of her girlhood, back to the
slave days when her owner was “Massa” and his wife was the “Missus.”<br />
Seated
in the living room of her home at 633 North Water with her gray hair
combed becomingly back from her slender face and dressed in black in
mourning for her son, Mrs. Hill went back through her store of memories
and brought out bits of her life before Abraham Lincoln freed the
slaves, opening to them a new world of they had never dreamed.<br />
Mrs. Hill was 27 years old at the close of the Civil war, was married and had three children, who also were born to slavery.<br />
Looking
back to her slavery days Mrs. Hill has much for which to be thankful.
Her father and mother were owned by Aaron Fray, a small land owner in
Howard county, near Boonville, Missouri. His slaves consisted of this
couple who had served the Frays before him [Aaron's parents, John and
Rebecca Fray], the 11 children of which Mrs. Hill was the oldest, and an
uncle of Mrs. Hill's who was also an old servant in the family. But
here let us have Mrs. Hill tell her own story of her experiences in
slavery.<br />
"I can remember back to the time when I was a child
maybe about five years old. We didn't have the cotton fields in Missouri
that are somehow associated with all slaves.<br />
"Massa Fray raised
sheep instead of cotton and as soon as I was old enough to work my
mother taught me to weave cloth. Then I learned to sew. I helped with
the housework, worked on the farm, chopped wood and did everything that
other slaves did as soon as my strength permitted.<br />
"But all the
work was not without pay. The pay was not in money, of course, but it
was in kindness for Massa Fray was the best man that ever owned a
nigger. His missus was kind and his children were good to me. They even
taught me to read and when I could master a few words I was the proudest
little pickaninny in all Missouri.<br />
"Few slaves ever learned to
read or write. Schools for slaves of course were not thought of. We were
just like so many animals and in many of the plantations the animals
were treated far better than the 'niggers.' My mother was also taught to
read and maybe write a little. Anyway I know just how old I am for the
date of my birth was written down in the Bible. That is something a very
few of the remnant of slaves know. They guess at their ages for their
ignorant mothers had no way of recording their birth.<br />
"In the 27
years I served my master as a slave I got but two whippings. That in
itself speaks for the kindness of the master. Both of these whippings
were for little things. In my missus' bedroom was a box where my Sunday
best dress and bonnet were kept. Sunday I went to church with her and
always after church I had to take them off and lay them out carefully in
the box. Guess I must have got in a hurry this one Sunday for I hadn’t
been out in the yard long until I heard her call ‘Jen, come in here!
Haven’t I always told you to lay your dress and bonnet out straight.
Look in there.’<br />
“I looked. The bonnet and the dress were a
wrinkled mess. The missus had a switch under her apron and she brought
it out and laid it over my legs without ceremony.<br />
“My second and
last whipped was sometime later and was given to me by massa’s
daughter. She had told me not to go to a party some of the folks were
having that night. After awhile massa asked me why I didn’t go and when I
told him I had been told to stay at home he said, ‘Lawsy, Jen, who owns
you anyway? Go on and go to the party.’<br />
“But the next day the
daughter caught me on the woodpile. She said she was going to whip me
and told me to put down my ax. I threw the ax down and the handle
flipped up and hit her on the let. Then I did get licked.<br />
“Plantation
life in Missouri was not like it was farther south. The northern slaves
were proud that they were north of the Mason Dixon line and the worst
thing that could ever happen to a nigger was to be sent ‘down the
river.’<br />
“Much of the old plantation atmosphere that you read so
much about in the southern homes was absent from the home of the Frays,
but in its stead there was a peace and devotion of us slaves to the
white folks which was unknown in most of the southern families. We lived
in a log hut less than a block from the big house where the family
lived but we were comfortable and always had enough to eat and plenty to
wear such as it was. But it was hard work all day, day in and day out
and never have anything we could call our own.<br />
“When I was 21
years old I married. My husband worked on a farm a mile or so from the
Fray place. In the south the slaves from two or three plantations live
in a compound and when a couple marries they just start living together
without any ceremony. A ceremony wasn’t much good for a slave wasn’t
allowed to take any vows. But I was really married. My husband and I
went to another slave on his place who could read and write and knew
something of the Bible. He said the same marriage ceremony for us that
we had to say over again when we were freed. All the slaves who were
living together and had families when they were freed had to be legally
united in marriage before they could go out to make their way in the
world.<br />
“I was proud of my marriage, performed by the ‘educated
nigger’ and I sure got mad when anybody said anything about us, not
being married.<br />
“Then came my little babies and just before the
war broke out I had three. How well I remember how I would sit in my
room with the little ones on my lap and the tears would roll down my
cheeks as I would ponder the right or wrong of bringing them into the
world. What was I bringing them into the world for? To be slaves and go
from morning to night. They couldn’t be educated and maybe they couldn’t
even live with their families. They would just be slaves. All that time
I wasn’t even living with my husband. He belonged to another man. He
had to stay on his farm and I on mine. That wasn’t living—that was
slavery.<br />
<br />
“Then came the war. All around us we heard of the great Abraham
Lincoln but I never saw him. But the missus’ daughters read to us of how
great he was and told us how he was poor; how he split rails and wrote
with charred wood and walked for miles to borrow books to read. I ate up
all that information, for there was nothing in this world I wanted more
at that time than an education. But Abraham Lincoln was president of
the United States. He was a white boy and I was just a slave.<br />
“There
were stories of the bushwhackers killing many of the slaves but we only
had a few encounters with the soldiers. On one of these occasions the
bushwhackers came into Massa’s house and demanded something to eat. We
fixed it for them in double quick time for we were scared to death. Some
of the soldiers started ransacking the house but their officer stopped
them. We heaved a sigh of relief when they finally left for there had
been stories where they carried the young slave girls away with them.<br />
"When Massa died he showed his love for his slaves by making a provision for us in his will. <span> </span>That
provision was that none of our family were ever to be sold to anyone
but a Fray. After his death our family was scattered. Some went to one
child of the Massa’s and some to another but we were all close and could
see each other often. After we were freed my husband left his master
and for a year worked for my people. Then we worked for his master for
awhile and later came to Kansas where we were determined to give our
children the education which we were denied.<br />
“But all slaves did
not have the happiness and the peace that was our lot. Cruel masters
from the south would come into Missouri and here and there buy up a
father, a mother, a couple of young daughters or the sons. They would
tear them away from their families and keep them in a little shack until
they had bought what they wanted. Then they were driven to the boat
landing just like cattle and loaded on the river steamer for the trip
‘down south.’<br />
“Those masters were cruel. They carried rawhide
whips and if the women dragged a little in their long march they were
lashed with the whips until the blood streamed from their poor cut
backs.<br />
“Some people think that the slaves had no feeling—that
they bore their children as animals bear their young and that there was
no heartbreak when the children were torn from their parents or the
mother taken from her brood to toil for a master in another state. But
that isn’t so. The slaves loved their families even as the Negroes love
their own today and the happiest time of their lives was when they could
sit at their cabin doors when the day’s work was done and sing the old
slave songs, ‘Swing Low Sweet Chariot,’ ‘Massa’s in the Cold, Cold
Ground,’ and ‘Nobody Knows What Trouble I’ve Seen.’ Children learned
these songs and sang them only as a Negro child could. That was the
slaves’ only happiness, a happiness that for many of them did not last.<br />
“When
Lincoln freed the slaves I knew of dozens of children who started out
to search through the southland for their parents who had been sold
‘down the river.’ Parents left in the north country searched frantically
for their children. But I only know of one case where the family was
ever united. Some perhaps were killed in the battles but in the majority
of the cases the children of slaves lost their identity when they were
taken from the place of their birth into a new country.”<br />
That is
the story of Mrs. Hill and her trials and tribulations as a slave. And
is it any wonder that today as she nears her ninety-sixth birthday that
she sits by the fire and dreams and at night when she lies awake and
goes over in her mind happenings of more than a century ago when, as she
expresses it, she ought to be asleep.<br />
And when she sleeps it is
in a room almost as old as the dreams of the gentle old lady. The bed
she sleeps in is of black walnut and is more than a half century old.
Her dresser matches it and a chair which was her husband’s has a woven
bottom of birch bark. The legs are coming loose and the back is a little
wobbly but it is precious to her and will hold a place in her life as
long as she lives. And in the corner is a table more than a hundred
years old which was a piece of the furnishing of her home when she was a
girl in slavery."</blockquote>
<br />heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-81029345024917106092015-04-14T12:01:00.001-07:002015-04-15T14:24:02.419-07:00Bound Away: Abel Sant in AustraliaThis story surprised me so much I just had to share it at face value.<br />
<br />
A couple of months ago I was reading <a href="http://www.amazon.com/The-Fatal-Shore-Australias-Founding/dp/0394753666"><i>The Fatal Shore: The Story of Australia's Founding</i></a> by Robert Hughes. It was good but I didn't get all the way through--it was getting a little too in depth and I had something else I wanted to read. I thought it was interesting and didn't know much about the topic; I particularly liked the section about what it was like was to live in London after the American Revolution--my Haynes ancestors are from London--but as far as I know no one in my family got deported to Australia, what's this got to do with me? So I put it down. And soon <i>ate my words</i>.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=JN.7YMFbQnee9xqh1uLBYK61w&pid=15.1&P=0" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=JN.7YMFbQnee9xqh1uLBYK61w&pid=15.1&P=0" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Coast of Australia, formerly known as New South Wales</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
While looking at some pioneer histories last night I came across this story about our ancestor Abel Sant on FamilySearch. I will include excerpts of it here as I found it. It's pretty amazing and the author has done some great research. (You can even view some of the original documents on FamilySearch.) After that is an account of how one of Abel's great-great grandsons tracked down the lost branch of the family in Australia while serving a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints around 1906. I have a few thoughts on the matter that I will include afterwards.<br />
<br />
(Me>Mom>Beverly Ely>LaRue McCann>Thomas Ravenhill McCann>Betsy Sant>John Sant>Abel Sant)<br />
<br />
<b>Contributed to FamilyTree by Laura H. Perry. Source "The Children of Isaac and Martha Sant".</b><br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Abel's father Isaac was a sawyer and, as was tradition in those days, Abel and his brothers followed their father's profession. He was soon a gang leader (of Sawyers) and was well respected for his hard work. <br />
<br />
Abel seems to have committed his first crime when, at the age of 19, he married Margaret Bayley. The problem was that Abel was a staunch protestant and Margaret came from a devout catholic family. He brothers just couldn't accept their sister marrying a heretic and producing 8 children who also followed the heresy. They moved heaven and earth to break this man and his family. <br />
<br />
Abel had been working in a saw mill with his son Tom when the Australian Government asked the crown for more sawyers to be sent over as there was a great shortage of skilled men who could work on building houses and workshops for the growing community. The English government sent a number of sawyers over on the same ship, with the same 7 year sentence. While these men had been at work, wheat and tools had been placed in some of their lunch pails - the authorities were waiting. It happened that young Tom's pail was one of these and as soon as Abel realised it, he claimed it as his own, telling his son that is was him they wanted to get rid of so he would be the one to go. <br />
So - is this fact, or just a story passed on to ease what was once seen as the shame of convict ancestry?... <br />
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
Abel appeared at the Quarter Sessions at the Chester assizes on 9 January 1821, in front of a bench lead by one of the De Trafford family - the charge being that he had stolen a quantity of wheat. At the trial it was brought up that his brother Moses had been transported a year earlier for a number of thefts - therefore it was clearly a case of a "bad family". Abel was sentenced to 7 years transportation. The Quarter Sessions records state the following:</blockquote>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<blockquote>
<br />
"Case Number 7 January 1821 <br />
Abel Sant aged 39 <br />
<br />
Charge: Stealing a quantity of wheat<br />
Sentence: Transported 7 years<br />
How behaved in jail: Good<br />
How behaved since trial: Good<br />
Connextion and former course in life: Bad<br />
Temper and disposition: Good<br />
Character as far as known: Very bad<br />
State of health: Good<br />
Comments: A very bad character and connextions very bad, his brother MOSES was transported in May last year and put on board the "INSTITUTION" <br />
<br />
It was customary for convicts to be sent to the hulks before they were allocated a ship <br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Discovery_at_Deptford.jpg/220px-Discovery_at_Deptford.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Discovery_at_Deptford.jpg/220px-Discovery_at_Deptford.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A Hulk: unseaworthy ship used for a prison.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
and sent to Australia, they were usually held there for months, sometimes years and many died there. This did not happen with the sawyers. Transportation papers, signed by Henry Addington, Viscount Sidmouth, the Home Secretary - which authorised Abel (and others) to be sent to the hulk Justitia to await deportation, were sent to the High Sheriff of Chester on 16th January 1821. <br />
<br />
One of 15 men from the Chester assizes, who were tried at the same time, Abel arrived at the hulks at Woolwich 16th January 1821 to be examined and listed as healthy enough to travel. He was placed aboard the Hulk Justitia and the receipt for his reception is still in existence, signed by Robert Smyth, the overseer of the Justitia, I have a copy of all the transportation papers and receipts. <br />
<br />
****************************************************<br />
Aboard the Justitia Abel would have worn the standard prison uniform nicknamed "Magpie Suits".<br />
The only known surviving example is in the National Museum of Australia and is pictured below.<br />
He was certified as "Free from putrid and infectious disorders" and fit to be transported on 22nd January 1821. <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh80g7zDPep-pWGJsEreOmKxvznoBKBUzDhIOv-e7-GlreSn0W1fbqWRtr1KzLSTSQQMAfgDF3PJAwrWNNK8JixzvXwl_lCg9zW0j0sjYNmbYUXbtXfcsnZiJ0j29-I2yapct2vhzfHluZj/s1600/magpie.jpg" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh80g7zDPep-pWGJsEreOmKxvznoBKBUzDhIOv-e7-GlreSn0W1fbqWRtr1KzLSTSQQMAfgDF3PJAwrWNNK8JixzvXwl_lCg9zW0j0sjYNmbYUXbtXfcsnZiJ0j29-I2yapct2vhzfHluZj/s1600/magpie.jpg" height="320" width="229" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Magpie suit for Australian Convicts.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Abel was taken from the Justitia and put on the "Adamant" (built in 1811), the Adamant set sail on 29 March 1821 and arrived in New South Wales on 8th September 1821 - 144 men set out, 142 arrived in Sidney, two men having died on the journey. I have a copy of the ships register listing every man on board, where they were tried, and the length of their sentences. <br />
<br />
On arriving in Sydney, New South Wales on 8th September 1821 his links with the judicial system did not end. However it was as a witness that this relationship with the law continued:<br />
<br />
The Story of the Adamant <br />
"Occasionally the prisoners might be starved, as happened in the Adamant in 1821. This ship reached Port Jackson from England on September 8th, but the convicts, so far as extant records reveal, had no complaints, although the surgeon-superintendent, James Hamilton, refused to sign the masters accounts until the latter agreed to credit the government with the value of medical comforts that were deficient. On October 24th 1821 when the ship had almost cleared Sidney harbour on her return voyage, police officers boarded her and seized 386 lb. of sugar, 752lbs of beef, 35lbs of soap, and varying quantities of wine, vinegar, pepper, ginger, chocolate, suet, oatmeal, bread, preserved meat and portable soup alleged to have been stolen from provisions and medical comforts supplied for the prisoners on the outward passage. <br />
<br />
The seizure followed a quarrel between the Adamant's Master, William Ebsworthy, and the ship's steward, George Farris. The latter had sold some wine to a woman innkeeper and had collected payment, but Ebsworthy had insisted that the money should be paid to him and threatened to seize the wine. When a constable arrived Farris swore that he sold the wine on the masters instructions and it had been embezzled, along with other goods secreted in the ship, from the convicts provisions. "Just before we crossed the line" asserted Farris in sworn statement "The captain had a scuttle cut in the after hold for the purpose of adulterating the king's stores, and by his order I drew off twelve or fourteen gallons from each puncheon and made up the deficiency with water". <br />
<br />
The evidence is contradictory as to whether Ebsworthy or Farris was the instigator, but there is no doubt that the prisoners received water and wine and that portions of rations were embezzled. Ebsworthy, when the matter came before the magistrates, refused to submit a written defence, and the evidence was forwarded to the Commissioners of the Navy without comment."<br />
<br />
From: <i>The Convict Ships</i> by Charles Bateson. <br />
<br />
Abel was called to give evidence in this case, having been transported on the ship. He was also found in court records in Picton Court House in 1830 as a witness - 1832 as a witness - 1942 suing for non payment of wages - 1855 as surety for an Oliver Whiting - 10th August 1855 for a Slaughtering Licence - 1856 Leake v Sant for non payment of wages. <br />
Release & Freedom:<br />
<br />
Abel was granted a "Ticket of Leave" (number 27/41) on 21st March 1827 at Camden Bench. This meant Abel could actively seek work but he could not leave the area.<br />
The system was an early form of early release on probation. This was followed by a "Certificate of Freedom" (number 28/329) on 22nd April 1828. The information on the certificate is as follows:<br />
"Date: 22nd April 1828 - Name: Abel Sant - Ship: Adamant - Master: Ebsworthy - Year: 1821 - Native Place: Cheshire - Trade or Calling: Sawyer - Place of Trial: Chester Quarter Sessions - Date of Trial: 9th January 1821 - Sentence: Seven years - Year of Birth: 1780 - Height 5 feet 10 +1/2 inches - Complexion: Fair - Hair: Sandy - Eyes: Grey - General remarks: Had a ticket of leave 27/41 dated 21 March 1827, now turned in & cancelled."<br />
<br />
A New life: <br />
Abel knew he would never return home, and his application to remarry was granted and he married Ellen Smith on 20th January 1841 at St John's Cambeltown, Cumberland, New South Wales. He he was working there for a family called Antill.<br />
Abel & Ellen had one son, Isaac in 1845. <br />
<br />
The skill of Abel is reinforced by an article which appeared in the Camden News of October 1896 under the heading "Early days in Picton":<br />
<br />
"Two noted fencers of their day were Rozette and Abel Sant, father of the present Isaac Sant. His reputation in this respect has been maintained by his son. Part of a fence erected by them is still to be seen at Jarvisfield. It is 70 years old. Abel lived in a cottage opposite the present rifle range." <br />
<br />
His relationship with the Antill family seems to have remained throughout Abel's life. When he died on 4th December 1858, from skinning a cow infected with the Cumberland Disease (Anthrax), it was an Antill who notified the death. <br />
<br />
Abel was buried in the cemetery of St Marks, Picton, New South Wales. <br />
<br />
Isaac, Abel's son went on to become a much respected citizen and managed a silver mine called the Golden Gates, from which he made a very good living. There are still descendants in Australia today. <br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
</blockquote>
And now the Rest of the Story, also contributed to FamilyTree by Laura H. Perry. Source: <i>Sant History</i> by Alfred C. Sant.<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
We are fortunate to have the story of the life of Grandfather Abel Sant sometime after the year of 1817, as related by Alfred C. Sant in connection with some of this missionary experiences.<br />
<br />
In the year of 1906 my brother Alma came home from the Southern States Mission and upon his return Bishop Hyman said to my father, “Now it’s Fred’s turn to go.”<br />
<br />
My father replied: “I’ll be glad for him to go and I will pay his way, but if he is called to the Islands or among the natives, I will rebel.” I was working on the survey line when I received the letter and my call for a mission to New Zealand. I returned home with the news and in due time father (George) asked, “Where are you going.” I replied, “To New Zealand.” Father did not approve and said, “It is impossible for you to go. I won’t let you go among the natives.” Therefore my desire of going where I wanted to stood in the balance. I wanted to go where I was called and my father didn’t want me to go to the Isles of the sea.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-904-54355-2012-39/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-904-54355-2012-39/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Alfred Sant</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
As time passed we learned there were two missions in New Zealand– an European and a Moari. At this father consented for me to go and gave me $20.00 and told me if I was sent among the Moaries I was to send a telegram immediately and he would send me a ticket so I could return home. He told me to keep this in mind. I was in quite a ponder. I wanted to go where I was called to serve and I didn’t want to disobey my father. It seemed hard for me to disobey one and obey the other. But anyway I was sent to the New Zealand mission to serve where I was most needed and to do my best.<br />
<br />
I left home on the 7th of July, 1908, and went to Salt Lake City where I was set apart on the 8th to go to New Zealand. I was alone and perhaps a bit lonely as my brother, Orson, was born the day I left and mother and father were unable to be with me. They were not able to go with me to the mission home or the temple. However, my father, sister, and sweetheart met me at the Oxford depot and father gave me another $20.00, saying, “Be sure to send me a telegram if you get put among the natives and I’ll have you come home.”<br />
<br />
In due time I was assigned to the South Island Mission, in the city of Christchurch, a beautiful city and a lot like Salt Lake. The streets were built straight and I was very happy there.<br />
<br />
As time passed, I gave a great deal of thought to some of the Sant people. When I left home I visited Uncle Johnny and Aunt Benta and he gave me $10.00 and said, “There are Sant people in that country, I want you to keep your eyes open and ears open and find them.<br />
<br />
My Uncle Tom gave me $5.00 and said, “Fred, I hope you find some Sant people there because I know there are some.” My grandfather also gave me $5.00 with the same wish to try and locate some of the Sants in Australia.<br />
<br />
I kept my eyes and ears open and was ever alert for something about the Sants. It was not until the 1910 census was taken on the Island of New Zealand that my desires were fulfilled. All the names of the peoples of the Island were published in a large directory. One day when I went into the Post Office I found lying on the desk a copy of this directory. I immediately turned to the ‘S’ section and, to my surprise, I found Alfred C. Sant, Mormon Missionary, and Walter Sant, Patoni, Wellington, New Zealand.<br />
<br />
I anxiously took his name and address and upon arriving home (my mission headquarters) wrote a letter to him. I told him that I was searching for Sant people that I knew were there and he was the first one I had found. He was happy to get the letter and sent it on to Australia to his father. His father in return wrote back to him saying he was glad to know there were some Sants there besides his family and he would be very happy to meet me.<br />
<br />
Walter was very glad to hear from me and was a fine correspondent. We wrote to each other many times before I broke down and told him the man I was looking for had been transported and he began to burn my letter when his wife interceded and said, “Walter, don’t burn the letter, send it on to your father and when you get a reply from him perhaps your feelings will be changed.”<br />
<br />
Walter did send my letter on to his father, Isaac Sant, in Australia. When the answer came back the reply was: “Yes, Walter, tell the man the ancestor he is looking for was a transport.” This of course was sad news to them because it had been a secret that had been kept all the days of his life.<br />
<br />
I was invited to come to Patoni, New Zealand, to visit with Walter and family. I did and was treated very royally, and we discussed a great deal about the family which he had never heard about. His father, Isaac Sant, was very secretive and was only 13 years old when his father Abel Sant died. In his last words he told his son not to join any church because it was church and religion that had influenced his being transported to Australia. He (Able) knew that his brother-in-laws were Catholic and he was a Protestant and he wouldn’t join the Catholic Church, therefore, they had used their influence in getting him transported to remove the stain of a Protestant being mingled with the family.<br />
<br />
Then an invitation was extended to me to visit in Australia with Isaac, the father of Walter and son of Abel, who was getting along in years. This I accomplished after I finished my mission in New Zealand in February 1911. I went over to Australia to spend some time getting to their place way up in the mountains. They seemed to be much like my own folks; wonderful pioneers, they like the pioneering of places. They moved up into Combind Australia, cleared the ground and planted their seed and also had some cattle. They helped in building communities and the family lived there and were some of it’s finest citizens....<br />
<br />
I had notified them that I would visit them sometime that month, but they didn’t know which day.<br />
<br />
Isaac Sant was doing some black-smithing and was standing out by the anvil upon my arrival and I took his picture with my camera. When I arrived at my grandmother in Smithfield, Utah, I showed her the picture of Isaac Sant in Australia; this was on her 53rd wedding anniversary. She looked at it and then looked at my Grandfather George and said, “When did you ever have this garb on?” Isaac Sant looked so much like my Grandfather George that no one could have doubted their mind or their eyes that he was a Sant. Isaac was taller than George and had short pants on and also short sleeves in his shirt because it was 105° in the shade at the time the picture was taken.<br />
<br />
I was treated very nice and met all the folks and children that were there. I got the record of where they were born, from Isaac, son of Abel who was transported to Australia from England to his home at Combind, Australia.<br />
<br />
I left them photographs of my grandmother, father, mother, and a few more I had with me. They seemed very pleased to have some of the pictures of their relatives. I left all my church books which they seemed to appreciate. I didn’t know whether they ever received any missionaries or whether any ever found them, because it was a long way to their place.<br />
<br />
I was impressed with their wonderful statures, their bodies were built tall and straight. They were brilliant and very well thought of by everyone I talked to.<br />
<br />
While I was at Isaac’s home I received a first hand account of his father, Abel Sant. Isaac was just a boy of 13 years when his father died. His father, Abel, had told him all about the transporting of himself from England to Australia. He was a top sawyer in a saw pit, and the Australian government wrote to England asking for some good sawyers to be sent over to work in the mills because you couldn’t get people to go there at that time. It was not a nice thing to be called a transport.<br />
<br />
This is the Story as Isaac Sant told it to me: <br />
<br />
“My father was working in a saw mill when his son Tom and they wanted these sawyers to come over to Australia. The English government sent 67 top sawyers over on the same boat, with the same charge and gave them the same punishment, 7 years in Van Demon’s land. While these men had been at work, files had been placed in each lunch bucket. It so happened that Tom’s bucket had the files in it but his father claimed the bucket and said, “It’s me they want to get rid of, you stay and I’ll go.” So the father took the rap for the boy and was transported to Australia along with 66 other sawyers all on the same ship. It is plain to see it was nothing but a trumped up charge that caused him to be sent to Australia. He left his wife and family of 12 children in England fearing he would probably never see them again.<br />
<br />
“After his arrival in Australia he lived under convict rule for 3 months then he was sent to the saw mills at Melbourne and was never under any surveillance after that time. After 3 years he was released entirely. The only thing that was object was he could not go back to England until seven years had passed. He never got any word from any of his folks although he continued to send letters to his family in England.<br />
<br />
“The oldest son, Tom (For whom he came to Australia) came to Melbourne in a sailing vessel and tried to find his father, but before the word got to the father at the mill and back again the vessel had set sail to Sydney, then Brisbane. He was never able to catch up with Tom, because the boat always left a couple of days before he got there, so he never got to see any of his kin after he left England. He was years alone, then married Ellen Smith from Australia and they had one son, Isaac.” (End)<br />
<br />
I did not try to do missionary work there. <br />
<br />
When I was ready to come home I planned to go overland, because I was afraid to ride that boat again for fear it would sink. When I checked my purse, I found I didn’t have money enough to go overland, so I had to take the boat. When I left Combind, everyone I met and told I was a Sant asked if I was a relative of the Sants there and of course I was happy to say I have never met nicer people anywhere than the Sant people in Australia.<br />
<br />
I have received many very nice letters from Walter Sant over the years, corresponding with him over a period of 30 years. I sure missed him when he passed away. He never had any children of his own, however, his wife Annie had two daughters. They married but I was not well acquainted with them, but Walter and I were close and corresponded and exchanged photographs. At present I do not have any contact with New Zealand.</blockquote>
Isn't that an amazing story? Abel is lucky to have even survived. If he had been among the first few waves of settlers starting in 1788, his odds would have been slim, and life would have been HORRIFIC for quite some time. England basically didn't even know <i>anything</i> about Australia--they had a single report about this mysterious continent from Captain Cook from years earlier--and they just started dumping people there, and the guards tended to be sadistic and violent. Hopefully it was somewhat better there after the 1820s (and even then, Abel's ship was starved by the food being withheld for profit). Of course, when you are basically a white slave, torn from your family, it's not going to be good by any means.<br />
<br />
After reading about the convict transport system, I am pretty inclined to believe Abel's innocence.<br />
1. The whole system was pretty corrupt, a lot of the leaders of the colony were stealing money and supplies and taking cuts off the top like crazy. This sounds exactly like a real plot to fix quotas.<br />
2. The system was mostly used to clean up the "bad element", mostly petty thieves, those who would be fined for misdemeanors today, usually caused by homelessness and poverty. (The <i>really</i> bad element, the felons, were just hung and therefore, were not a problematic population.) It sounds like Abel had a good job and would not have been one of these homeless dregs of society, etc. Too bad his inlaws had it in for him. Did you notice how the courts made such a big deal of his brother Moses having been already transported? Criminality was considered a genetic trait at the time, (which is why Abel's Australian descendants would have kept it so secret--it was a very shameful thing) and there was no such thing as "reform". <br />
<br />
The Penal Colony transport system started, of all things, because England lost the war with America and needed a new place to send their riffraff. It is very ironic that the circumstances that brought so much freedom--especially religious freedom and the blessings of membership in the LDS church to Abel's descendants, were the same ones that tore this family apart and caused so much suffering elsewhere. <br />
<br />
PS. If you find a stapler and an extra sandwich in your lunchbox, head for the hills!heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-37272209450525280362015-03-08T12:02:00.002-07:002015-03-08T12:08:31.916-07:00Ebert and The Great Bambino<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.607992684694867542&pid=15.1&P=0" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.607992684694867542&pid=15.1&P=0" /></a></div>
During a recent visit with my Grandpa Heagy, I asked him to retell the story of when he met Babe Ruth as a kid in Great Falls, Montana.<br />
<br />
Here is the recording of his answer. I also LOVE that he totally fills in the technical details about the <br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.608000785007379236&pid=15.1&P=0" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="254" src="https://sp.yimg.com/ib/th?id=HN.608000785007379236&pid=15.1&P=0" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View of City of Great Falls from Gore Hill.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
airplane, so typical since he is a retired airplane mechanic for the Air National Guard, and spent most of his adult life working very near where this story takes place.<br />
<br />
I also just love listening to his grovely voice. Too bad he's not also humming on the recording.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/jaclyn-haynes-day/ebert-meets-babe-ruth">Ebert's Babe Ruth story recording</a><br />
<br />
Isn't this a great postcard of the Great Falls airport? (Below) It would have looked much the same when Grandpa rode there on his bike.<br />
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Great_Falls_Municipal_Airport_-_Gore_Field%2C_1939.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Great_Falls_Municipal_Airport_-_Gore_Field%2C_1939.jpg" /></a></div>
heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-135975563943442302015-02-18T12:01:00.001-08:002015-02-19T12:57:27.746-08:00Tragedy by Train: George HaynesIn trying to gather more primary documents about our Haynes family in America and England, I was hoping to find some obituaries but came across this dreadful story instead. Grandpa Happy Jack had told me about what happened to his Uncle George but to read the newspaper account was just heart-wrenching. <br />
<br />
The print may be a little hard to read, (and actually more graphic than I think would be allowed today), so I'll give you a basic summary.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-212-37107-54-4/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-212-37107-54-4/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Henry (Harry) Haynes, George's father.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The Hayneses were train men. They lived in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Henry, the father, (who went by Harry) worked on the train and actually had an injury that left him somewhat crippled (although I'm not sure when), so he received a pension and turned to farming. George and Charles, the elder sons, also "were railroaders". Harry (who went by Roy!), the younger son, my great-grandfather, amazingly also "went to railroading, switching. Railroading was kind of natural for me because both my brothers were railroaders. I was a brakeman and I got me a job braking." He didn't stay long because of the pay, but even after moving to Utah he was drawn to the work, being "a trolley engineer for the city of Ogden."<br />
<br />
I say it was amazing that he wanted to work in the railroad, because when Grandpa Harry (Roy) was about 13, he and his father kept a silent vigil all night while workers tried to free the mangled body of his brother George from a horrible train wreck. I would guess that was probably one of the worst experiences of Harry's life. (The newspaper said it was George's father and brother, not sure which brother stayed to watch, it might have been Charles.)<br />
<br />
George's young children were subsequently raised by their Haynes grandparents, and Roy became like a big brother to them.<br />
<br />
Here is one article. The second article is quite a bit more descriptive
but I can't get the print very big, so I'm also adding a link to where
you can read that one as part of the paper, with a magnifying glass
tool. I couldn't find a picture online of the wreck (I suppose I could contact the historical society), but there were several other wrecks that year, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purdue_Wreck">one that killed 14 members of the Purdue football team</a>.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXP8xPoNg5ZOouOfUABmFIXiMR417xQAg6fUwcibxfYCdYq7IHl82PcIIc7eVogDgPqbruEIFzM_sgzKmTfuwJuVlxyuuESUII6As9zH278pp-jIpeapPhiraeWjsnyHnc0m7sMuV-r8by/s1600/Cedar+Rapids+Evening+Gazette,+July+10+1903.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXP8xPoNg5ZOouOfUABmFIXiMR417xQAg6fUwcibxfYCdYq7IHl82PcIIc7eVogDgPqbruEIFzM_sgzKmTfuwJuVlxyuuESUII6As9zH278pp-jIpeapPhiraeWjsnyHnc0m7sMuV-r8by/s1600/Cedar+Rapids+Evening+Gazette,+July+10+1903.jpg" /></a></div>
Here is a link if you would like to read this second one easier. You will probably need to sign up to read it, but it's totally free and no big deal. <a href="http://crpubliclibrary.newspaperarchive.com/cedar-rapids-republican/1903-07-11/page-5/pageno-69653228?tag=haynes&rtserp=tags/haynes?page=8&pd=1&ndt=bd&pe=31&pem=12&py=1855&pm=1&pey=1910">Cedar Rapids newspaper archives</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1-nSnRyAl2DHCkAWvzLoablp2vAmWpIfms_MdByELsXomy10Dv8Mbmld65sHy_vcWBc4mFu3iaGbfsvw7CAQSUMpTykJRHpUdRyfq3stXP-YO0_Xv3p4Vr5bdT_fpss_2KewF21iu8ueQ/s1600/train+wreck+vigil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1-nSnRyAl2DHCkAWvzLoablp2vAmWpIfms_MdByELsXomy10Dv8Mbmld65sHy_vcWBc4mFu3iaGbfsvw7CAQSUMpTykJRHpUdRyfq3stXP-YO0_Xv3p4Vr5bdT_fpss_2KewF21iu8ueQ/s1600/train+wreck+vigil.jpg" /></a></div>
Sources:<br />
<br />
Cedar Rapids newspaper archives, online<br />
<br />
"Uncle Roy Haynes", interview transcript of Harry Raymond Haynes, ca. 1980.<br />
<br />
"Jack Drake Haynes", manuscript by Jack Haynes, 2006. <br />
<br />
Notes from interview with Jack Drake Haynes, 2013. <br />
<br />
Henry Haynes photo from FamilySearch.org, Henry Haynes profile.heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-24114569018575586172014-12-02T15:57:00.001-08:002014-12-02T16:01:56.765-08:00Rescued! Peter John BloomThis story tells of the multiple rescues of a man named
Peter John Bloom.<br />
<h1>
First Rescue</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Pehr Jonsson Bloom was a Swedish shoemaker.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had a wife, Kerstin, a son, Jonas, and
three little daughters, Kerstin (Christine in America),
Margta, and Karin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They lived in the
Alfta Parish of Gavleborg—near the center of Sweden.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It sounds simple, but his life was becoming
more complicated.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unbearable, even.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sweden
has not been at war since 1806, when Peter was tiny.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While he was growing up Sweden had faded into the
background of political and economic power among the countries of Europe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sweden
was poor, illiterate and drunken. There were some positive changes happening,
though.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Education was becoming more
available to the masses.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This, of
course, led to increased literacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lo
and behold, the people began to want to study the Holy Bible for
themselves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A new religious movement was
vibrant in Peter’s home province of Hälsingland
around 1825, when Peter was a young adult, called Devotionalism, or <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i> (readers).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i>
would gather in private homes to study the Bible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Public religious gatherings without official
clergy were highly illegal.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://eduscapes.com/history/modern/445px-Gerard_Dou_-_Old_Woman_Reading_a_Bible_-_WGA06639.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://eduscapes.com/history/modern/445px-Gerard_Dou_-_Old_Woman_Reading_a_Bible_-_WGA06639.jpg" height="320" width="237" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Many of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i>
were disgusted by the corruption and alcoholism of the clergy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For example, one of Peter’s fellow
immigrants, a leader named Jonas Olson, witnessed a drunken priest conducting a
mockery of the Last Supper at a dance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i> wanted a purer
religion and a higher degree of reverence and piety.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were also active in the temperance
movement.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although they wanted change,
the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i> were not yet separatists
from the state-sponsored Lutheran religion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Things continued on in this uneasy impasse for seventeen years, when the
time was ripe for a hero to emerge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
man’s name was Erik Janson, and he would change Peter’s life and the life of
his descendants forever.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It is unknown at what point the Bloom family became
Jansonists, whether they had been <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i>
for years and then followed Janson, or if they were swept up in his movement in
the 1840’s, when Peter was nearly forty.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In any case, they threw their lot in with his, so something must have
compelled them to make such a tremendous choice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stay with me here while we learn a bit about
Erik Janson. Because Peter Bloom was one of his followers, the two have a
valuable shared history.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Erik Janson was an eloquent, dynamic man who had had a
profound religious experience.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At age
26, while plowing in the fields, he suffered such a painful attack of his
chronic rheumatism that he fainted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
“On regaining consciousness, he
heard a voice saying: ‘It is writ that whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer,
believing, ye shall receive; all things are possible to him that
believeth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If ye shall ask anything in
my name, I shall do it, saith the Lord.’<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Eric Janson recognized in the voice a message from God, and, falling
upon his knees, prayed long and fervently that his lack of faith might be
forgiven him and that his health might be restored.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On arising, his pains had disappeared, never
to return.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This occurrence completely changed Janson and made him want
to learn anything he could about religion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He read everything he could get his hands on but became frustrated with
religious commentary, finding solace only in the Bible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>More study made him disagree with core
Lutheran beliefs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He began to preach stricter
adherence to the Bible, increased faith, and a return to “primitive
Christianity”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In 1842, Janson heard of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Läsare</i> movement and preached at many of their gatherings.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He
gained many followers, attracting the negative attention of Sweden’s
Established Church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Church took
harsh religious measures, denying any of Janson’s followers the sacrament.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Jansonists were also denied the legal right
to testify in court, basically becoming defenseless against the law.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
"As the influence of Janson increased, so also the number
and hostility of his enemies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His
followers were subjected to the abuse and insult of the rabble.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their meetings were disturbed, their houses
pelted with stones, and their persons assaulted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But they praised the Lord who tried their
faith by allowing them to be persecuted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They marched along the public highways at night and sang spiritual
hymns, or gathered in front of the parsonages to pray for the conversion of
their unregenerate pastors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When their
conventicles were prohibited they assembled in the woods and in out of the way
places to partake of the Holy Communion.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Faint rumors of these midnight
gatherings came to church authorities, and the spectre of a new peasant
insurrection stalked abroad.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Eric
Janson…was charged with all sorts of atrocious crimes.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Things came to a head in June of 1844.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All along, Janson had preached against using
so-called devotional literature, such as the writings of Martin Luther and
others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He considered them to be
usurpers of the Bible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He decided to
stage a book burning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The burning drew a
crowd and caused general outrage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Janson
was arrested two days later, possibly in Langhed, Alfta Parish—Peter Bloom’s
hometown.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was eventually released
without any decrease in followers and back at the pulpit.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
More book burnings, arrests, and persecutions were to
follow, until Janson became an outlaw with a price on his head.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He hid out in the mountains of Alfta,
masterminded a mass emigration of his followers, and then escaped in 1846 to New
York and Illinois,
where he met up, as planned, with another Jansonist leader.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They created a city in Henry County,
Illinois, and named it Bishop Hill, the English term for Janson’s birthplace, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bishopskulla</i>.</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Colony_Church_Bishop_Hill_Colony.jpg/220px-Colony_Church_Bishop_Hill_Colony.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Colony_Church_Bishop_Hill_Colony.jpg/220px-Colony_Church_Bishop_Hill_Colony.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Colony Church at Bishop Hill, built 1848.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
By this point Janson’s views had expanded considerably; he
considered <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">himself</i> “the second coming
of Christ”, that he would “far exceed that of the work accomplished by Jesus
and his Apostles.” For starters, he wanted to build a utopian community, a “New
Jerusalem” in America,
which would eventually expand to fill the earth.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This would usher in the millennium, where
Eric Janson or his heirs would “reign to the end of all time.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(He should have stuck to reading the Bible.)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Megalomania aside, Janson did manage a mass migration from Sweden
to America,
really the first to do so.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These brave
Swedes, (around 1,100) were fleeing their home country because they desired
religious freedom.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Peter’s granddaughter
Martha confirmed this, years later, in writing that her mother’s family had immigrated
because “At that time there was much religious persecution in Sweden.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because of this, we will deem Eric Janson’s
influence, drawing Peter Bloom out of Sweden
and bringing him to a free land, the First Rescue.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nauvoo_Temple_daguerreotype.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nauvoo_Temple_daguerreotype.jpg" height="320" width="250" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Original Nauvoo Temple</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
America
provided a perfect situation for a community looking for religious freedom, or
so it would seem. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At this point of the
narration I must interrupt and bring to light an enormous irony:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
Jansonists planted their religious city-on-a-hill in Henry County, Illinois, in
1846.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Less than 100 miles to the west
lay another religious city, violently forced to vacate or be destroyed,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>THAT VERY YEAR.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This religious persecution was sanctioned by
the government, or at the very least, not in any way prevented by the
government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was Joseph Smith’s
beautiful Nauvoo, and the people were known as the Mormons (The Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-Day Saints).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Joseph
Smith was martyred, shot to death in 1844.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Eric Janson would suffer the SAME fate in 1850, albeit at the hand of a
single man, not an angry mob.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Janson may
have been a bit reckless (or ignorant?) to start a religious community in such
close vicinity to the violence at a time when prejudices were running high, but
he was lucky, and Bishop Hill was not really bothered.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Janson’s religious community would formally
disband in 1860, its people morphing into traditional churches.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day
Saints remains, and is a vibrant, growing international church, numbering in
the 15 millions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(This author is descended
from members of both groups.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Both Nauvoo and Bishop Hill have restored buildings from the
period and museums.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You can visit the
two in a single day.</div>
<h1>
Second Rescue</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The Mormons had a wonderful system for helping its converts
get to America
from Europe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
was called the Perpetual Immigration Fund, and worked as a kind of rotating
loan that would pay for passage on ships, etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The Jansonists could have used such a thing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were poor as a group, and had to take
passage on whatever floated, whatever room it had, passenger ship or not,
seaworthy or not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This sometimes meant
that part of a family would disembark while the rest of the family waited for
whatever became available, sometimes for years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Peter Bloom’s family was able to travel together as a unit, but this
blessing was bittersweet, as we will soon see.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Peter and family left Sweden
in early fall of 1846, arriving in New York
in October.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They would have been part of
the second or third wave of Jansonists to leave.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The journey was harrowing, to say the very
least.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The family would have sailed out
of the port city of Gävle (most of
the Jansonists left from here—and there was a “feverish excitement” to leave
because they assumed Sweden
would be destroyed for its wickedness!)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://media.maps.com/magellan/Images/swedenrap.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://media.maps.com/magellan/Images/swedenrap.gif" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Looking at a map of Sweden,
you will see that it is no picnic to leave town.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unlike other immigrants, such as those coming
from Ireland or
Plymouth, England,
the Gävle, Sweden
travelers had to sail through the Baltic Sea, around Denmark,
through the North Sea, and then either through the English
Channel or North of Scotland through the Norwegian Sea,
passing Iceland
and Greenland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>(I’m not sure which route was taken.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>That sounds dreadful even in the best of circumstances.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
And it was most certainly <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">not</i> the best of circumstances.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The first ship of Jansonists to leave Sweden
wrecked before even getting to Denmark.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Another ship was lost completely, with about
50 souls aboard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A third ship was
shipwrecked off the coast of Newfoundland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And the colonists were constantly starving
or sick, stalked by the quick killing Asiatic cholera, THE plague of the 19<sup>th</sup>
century.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At this point in our story the
timeline becomes a little unclear, but the bare, for-certain facts are these:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
1. Peter left Sweden
with a wife and four children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
2. He was
shipwrecked off Newfoundland. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
3. He
arrived in New York in 1846 with
a wife and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">two</i> children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Christine’s daughter Martha wrote in a short memoir that<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>“Among the passengers on the ship the
Asiatic cholera broke out and my mothers’ two little sisters died of it and
were buried in the sea”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What a detail
for a six year old to live with and pass down to her children!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Note: It also made me emotional to realize
that Christine named her daughter Martha, the English form of Margta, her four
year old sister who perished. They were probably close playmates.)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://mascot.talkspot.com/uploads/49699/July%20Pix/July%202007%20002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://mascot.talkspot.com/uploads/49699/July%20Pix/July%202007%20002.jpg" height="149" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The "Yellow Jack" sometimes has a black circle or black checks.</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Asiatic cholera was a horrible pandemic that would affect
much of the world for decades at a time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was a bacterial disease affecting the small intestine that first
began in India.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Spread by contaminated water or food, it would
cause severe vomiting and a strange white diarrhea, sometimes even seizures,
leading to death by dehydration within a matter of a few days or even
hours.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ironically, abstinence from water
was thought to be a cure.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cholera still
kills hundreds of thousands of people, mostly in third world countries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Imagine being trapped on a ship (and probably
a rickety one at that) with such a plague.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It must have been horrifying.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
wonder if the captain flew the quarantine flag (as required) or if he looked
the other way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Then came the shipwreck.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Martha’s memoir does not capture the full story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martha’s brother Frederick adds this
detail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“On the voyage over they
suffered shipwreck and one of his [Peter’s] daughters was lost”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This statement makes it sound like one of the
daughters was lost <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">during</i> the
shipwreck (or it could just mean that she was also lost during the voyage and
the two facts were put into the same sentence).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This particular wreck did claim at least three casualties among the
Jansonist passengers, so Frederick Cooper’s version is entirely plausible.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With that in mind, picture this scenario:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2453/3980495793_cc7a73ceca_m.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2453/3980495793_cc7a73ceca_m.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Somewhere off the coast of Newfoundland.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What would cause a <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">child</i>
to die in a shipwreck when many other passengers, including the child’s parents,
survived?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wouldn’t a child be protected
by his or her parent?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My two guesses
would be that the child was washed overboard, or I think even more likely, that
the people were actually in the water (with parents doing their best to hang on
to their children) and hypothermia set in.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Grim.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think I prefer the “lost
to cholera” version.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We may never know
which is the truth.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
We don’t know many of the details of the wreck.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One source claims the ship was called the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Betty Cathrine</i>, but this could also
refer to one of the other two Jansonist ships that wrecked.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other sources say the wreck was the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Caroline</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If this was the case, we know the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Caroline</i> must have been repaired well
enough to bring Peter and his family the rest of the way to New
York, where they are recorded as arriving on that
ship’s manifest.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Caroline</i> was also shipshape enough to
bring another load of Jansonists to America
in 1854.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We don’t know what caused the
shipwreck, but that far north it could have been an iceberg, bad weather, or
even the rocky coastline.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Peter’s ship was wrecked somewhere near the coast of Newfoundland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I couldn’t find any newspaper accounts of the
wreck for that time period, particularly since I don’t know where on the coast
it wrecked, and also because that is a pretty rustic part of the world with not
a lot of newspaper coverage—it <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">was</i>
1846.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Newfoundland
claims a huge number of the shipwrecks on the Northern Maritime Research’s
database, including an unsinkable ship named the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Titanic</i>.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
And how do we know the wreck was somewhere near the
coast?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Peter’s obituary, the
passengers were actually <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">rescued</i> by
fishermen and then taken to Newfoundland.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I don’t know in what manner the fishermen
rescued them—if they pulled people from the water, or if they came upon a
sinking ship or lifeboats and provided passage, or if they somehow towed a
floundering ship to shore.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
They may have been unaware of the danger, but if the captain
had been flying the quarantine flag, these fishermen were doubly brave, knowing
that they were putting at risk their lives and the lives of their families to
rescue strangers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Hopefully all the
lives of the rescuers were spared from the plague.</div>
<h1>
Third Rescue</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This sad tale takes two more turns for the worse before it
gets better.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Peter and the
remainder of his family arrived in New York,
they had two children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By the time they
reached Illinois, their
thirteen-year old son had also died; I’m assuming that the cholera carried over.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since the Jansonists traveled on the wondrous
Erie Canal and then across the Great Lakes,
odds are very good that Peter’s son Jonas was buried “at sea” in the Great
Lakes.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRFaJt2-yKldjHVZWTG4QkMMqBO-tCfHHKzjUXCc3_QTiIOTILsSQ" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRFaJt2-yKldjHVZWTG4QkMMqBO-tCfHHKzjUXCc3_QTiIOTILsSQ" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Travel on the Erie Canal.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Peter, Kerstin, and their lone little six-year-old daughter Christine
arrived in Chicago and then
traveled on foot or by wagon to Bishop Hill.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It was an extremely difficult winter with little food and rough shelters—communal
dugouts, tents, and cabins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many died,
so many that there were new bodies to remove almost every morning. They were
buried in mass graves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kerstin, around
age 38, worn down by grief and the physical difficulties, was one of these
deaths, probably killed by cholera, joining her lost
children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She is most likely buried in
an unmarked mass grave at Bishop Hill. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are no lists of the dead from that
first winter.
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://exhibits.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/athome/1800/timeline/b-bishop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://exhibits.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/athome/1800/timeline/b-bishop.jpg" height="239" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rendering of the early habitations at Bishop Hill.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Like her children who had been buried at sea, Kerstin was
wrapped in a sheet.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
At this point Peter must have thought his life was
over.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He had no more desire to remain at
the Bishop Hill colony, whether caused by grief alone or by disillusionment
with Janson’s so-called utopia and America
in general.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He also had probably been
weakened by sickness and starvation himself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>What happened next was really a miracle, a case of angels among us.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">rescued</i>
and because of the Good Samaritan kindness of others, I am an American today.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I love the few tender details in his granddaughter Martha’s account.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></div>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Many of the people of
the colony died there </i>[at Bishop Hill]<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">,
among them my mothers mother.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">After they were there
a while my grandfather took my mother by the hand and started to walk to </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New York City</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> to go back to </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sweden</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When he went as far as </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Layfayette</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ill.</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i>[only about ten miles from Bishop Hill]<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> he became so sick he went into a barn and
laid down on the hay and the owner found them there early one morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He took them in the house and his wife
doctored him till he was well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He stayed
there with Ira Reed and his good wife for a few years and, being a shoe maker,
he made shoes and Ira Reed drove around the country and sold them.</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Later my mother and
her father went back to Bishop Hill and he married a Mrs. Johnson who had a boy
Peter, and two girls, Ann and Kate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Later a boy was born to them, Fred Bloom.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Grandfather bought a farm close to Bishop
Hill and spent the remainder of his life there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He lived to be eighty three years old. </i>[Actually eighty one.]</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">As my mother did not
enjoy her step mother nor step sisters very much she did not stay long at one
time with them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She lived between times
with Mrs. Reed, who taught her to be a good housekeeper and all kinds of needle
work.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She later went to </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Peoria</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> to work, where she met my father, Thos.
Cooper, and they were married there when she was seventeen yrs old.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i></div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Ira Reed of Layfayette (yes, the locals really pronounce it
that way) and his wife Maria were younger than Peter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When Peter basically collapsed in their barn
Ira would have been around 26.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They
would have had a little two-year old boy named Robert.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ira’s farm as shown on the 1850 Census was a
sizable 3200 acres, but interestingly, after years of working with Peter, he
claims his profession as “shoemaker”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By
1850 Peter had moved back to Bishop Hill to start his second family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mrs. Reed really did serve as a foster mother
to Christine—the little “orphan” is present in the Reed home in 1850 as
Christine “Peterson” (remember, she is “Peter’s” daughter) from Sweden,
age 8.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She must have looked small, she
was actually 10.
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It seems that Peter’s story has come to a happy end, and
Christine grew up, married, and had a family of her own, ironically spending
much of that happy time on a boat.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Her
husband Thomas ran a fleet that shipped produce to Chicago.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is one more rescue, however, that I
wanted to include here. </div>
<h1>
Fourth Rescue</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Whenever it is time for me to choose a new research subject,
I make it a matter of prayer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe
that we are closer than we think to those who have gone beyond the veil.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I remembered vaguely the sad story of Peter
Bloom’s children and began to feel increasingly drawn to them and their
story.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I found myself thinking about
them often.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe that this
intensifying interest is caused by the subjects themselves—they WANT to be
found.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As a member of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, I also believe that the members of this
little torn-apart family wanted to have <a href="https://www.lds.org/topics/temples?lang=eng&query=eternal+families">the chance to be reunited once and forever</a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For that, though, I needed to know their
names.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As I learned more about Swedish research and started combing
the histories of Bishop Hill I began to despair that we would never know the
names of Christine’s mother or her siblings since those names were not included
in Martha’s memoirs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Since they died at
sea (or in Kerstin’s case, were buried in a mass grave) we have no record of
their death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I did not know the name of
the ship they traveled on to be able to check for ship’s manifests. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And they came from Sweden!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land
of Peter Petersons and John
Johnsons! Christine’s death certificate is not to be found, which should have
listed her mother’s maiden name.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What
few living relations there are do not have any record (or photos, which would
have been nice) of this family.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I did
not know the all-important name of the home parish in Sweden,
only having Christine’s birthday and Martha’s incorrect guess that her mother
was born in Stockholm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I checked the holdings at the Family History
Library in Salt Lake
and found nothing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was really
stuck.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There was one general reference book about Swedish
Immigration that caught my eye, but I was sure it would be <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">too</i> general.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Finally, I threw a hail Mary and wrote an email to the
<a href="http://bishophillheritage.org/">Bishop Hill Heritage Association</a>, at least hoping that they would have
more information about Peter’s shipwreck.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Not so much the shipwreck, but they did have a file on Peter
John Bloom.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And vital statistics on his
entire family, as taken from the parish records in Sweden.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Some of the information they sent me was taken from a
certain general reference book about Swedish Immigration, the same one that had
caught my eye.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would have been my
next step.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I am certain that Peter and his family wanted to be rescued
one more time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<h1>
Source List</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Biographical and
Genealogical Record of </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">La Salle County</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">,
</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Illinois</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chicago:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Lewis Publishing Company, 1900.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Internet
Archives</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.archive.org/">http://www.archive.org</a> : 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Dowell, Cheryll, Bishop Hill Heritage Association.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Report to Jaclyn Day, 6 Oct 2014.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Galva, Illinois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Galva
News</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>27 March 1884.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Heagy, Martha J. (Cooper).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Manuscript.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>April 1842.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Privately held by Ebert Heagy, Fairfield,
Montana, 2014.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Illinois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stark
County.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1850 U.S.
census, population schedule.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Digital
images.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">FamilySearch.org</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.familysearch.org/">http://www.familysearch.org</a> : 2014.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Issakson, Olov, and Read, Albert (translator).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bishop Hill</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Illinois</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
Utopia of the Prairie</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stockholm:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LT Publishing House, 1969. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Johnson, Eric.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Svenskarne i </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Illinois</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chicago, Illinois:
Tryckt Hos, 1880.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Internet Archives</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.archive.org/">http://www.archive.org</a> : 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mikkelsen, Michael A.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“The Bishop Hill Colony:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
Religious Communistic Settlement in Henry
County, Illinois.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Johns </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hopkins</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> University Studies in Historical and
Political Science,</i> Tenth Series, No. 1, (January 1892).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Google
Books</i>. <a href="http://www.books.google.com/">http://www.books.google.com</a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>: 2014.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Northern Maritime
Research</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.northernmaritimeresearch.com/">http://www.northernmaritimeresearch.com</a>
: 2014.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Olson, Ernst W.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Swedish Element in </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Illinois</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">: Survey of the Past Seven Decades</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chicago:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Swedish-American Biographical Association
Publishers, 1917.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Olsson, Nils William. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Swedish
Passenger Arrivals in </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New York</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">, 1820-1850</i>. Chicago:
Swedish Pioneer Historical Society, 1967.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Setterdahl, Lilly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“Emigrant Letters by Bishop Hill Colonists.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Western Illinois</i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">
Regional Studies</i>, Vol. 1, No. 2, (Fall 1978).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Internet
Archives</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.archive.org/">http://www.archive.org</a> : 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wikipedia</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.wikipedia.org/">http://www.wikipedia.org</a>
: 2014. </div>
<h1>
Notes</h1>
<div class="MsoNormal">
First Rescue</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">1. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">shoemaker</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martha J.
(Cooper) Heagy, (MS, April 1942), p. 4; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>privately held by Ebert Heagy, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Fairfield</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">MT</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Martha
was the granddaughter of Peter John Bloom. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">2<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. names of wife and children</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Cheryll Dowell, Bishop Hill Heritage Association, report to Jaclyn Day,
response to inquiry on Peter John Bloom, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6 Oct 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">3. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Alfta parish</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dowell,
response to inquiry on Peter John Bloom.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">4. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">increased literacy</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lilly
Setterdahl, “Emigrant Letters by Bishop Hill Colonists”, Western Illinois
Regional Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2 (Fall 1978); Internet Archives (<a href="http://www.archive.org/">http://www.archive.org</a> : accessed </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6 Nov 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">), p. 124.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">5. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Devotionalism in</b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Hälsingland</span></b><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Michael A.
Mikkelsen, “The Bishop Hill Colony:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A
Religious Communistic Settlement in Henry County, Illinois,” Johns Hopkins
University Studies in Historical and Political Science, Tenth Series, No. 1
(January 1892); Google Books (<a href="http://www.books.google.com/">http://www.books.google.com</a>
: accessed </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">6 November 2014</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">), p. 13. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">L</b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">ä</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">sare</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Setterdahl, “Emigrant Letters by Bishop Hill
Colonists,” p. 124.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">7. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">gatherings illegal</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ibid.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">8. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Jonas Olson’s account of corruption</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mikkelsen, “The Bishop Hill Colony”, p. 12.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">9. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“On regaining consciousness…”</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ibid., p. 17.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">10. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">return to primitive Christianity</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ibid., p. 20.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">11. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Janson’s preaches to</b></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Läsare</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ibid., p. 19.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">12. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">denied right to testify</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ernst
W. Olson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Swedish Element in Illinois:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Survey of the Past Seven Decades</i>, (Chicago,
Illinois:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Swedish-American Biographical
Association Publishers:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1917), p. 40.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">13<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. arrested in Langhed, Alfta</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Eric Johnson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Svenskarne i
Illinois</i> (Chicago, Illinois: Tryckt Hos, 1880), p. 25.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Internet
Archives</i>. ( <a href="http://www.archive.org/">http://www.archive.org</a> :
accessed </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">11 November 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Assisted by
Google Translate!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">14. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">mountains of Alfta</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Mikkelsen, “The Bishop Hill Colony”, p. 24. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">15. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Bishopskulla</b>: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Bishop Hill</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Illinois</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wikipedia</i>
(<a href="http://wikipedia.org/">http://wikipedia.org</a> : accessed </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">12 November 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">16. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Janson’s expanded views</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ibid., p. 25.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">17. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">first mass migration</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Bishop Hill</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Illinois</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wikipedia</i>
(<a href="http://wikipedia.org/">http://wikipedia.org</a> : accessed </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">12 November 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">18. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">1,100 immigrants</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mikkelsen,
“The Bishop Hill Colony”, p. 28.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">19. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“much religious persecution”</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Heagy, (MS, April 1942), p. 3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Second Rescue</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">1. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">poor as a group</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Olov
Issakson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bishop Hill, Illinois:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Utopia of the Prairie</i>, (Stockholm:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LT Publishing House, 1969).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">2. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">fall of 1846</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nils William
Olsson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Swedish Passenger Arrivals in </i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">New York</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1820-1850</span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, (Chicago:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Swedish Pioneer
Historical Society, 1967), p. 118.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Entry
for Peter Jonsson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">3. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">third or fourth wave</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mikkelsen, “The Bishop Hill Colony”, p. 29-30.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">4. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Sweden</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> would be
destroyed</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ibid., p. 28.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">5. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">three shipwrecks</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Olson, The
Swedish Element in Illlinois, p. 41.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">left with four children</b>: Peter’s obituary says he lost three
children on the journey (one survived).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“Peter J. Bloom,” obituary, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Galva
(</i></span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Illinois</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">) News</span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">27 March 1884</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Transcribed by Cheryl Dowell,
Bishop Hill Heritage Association, report to Jaclyn Day, response to inquiry on
Peter John Bloom, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6 Oct 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">7. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">shipwrecked off </b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Newfoundland</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ibid.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">8. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">New York</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> with two
children</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Olsson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Swedish
Passenger Arrivals in </i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">New York</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1820-1850</span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>p. 118. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Entry for Peter Jonsson.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">9. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“Among the passengers”</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Heagy, (MS, April 1942), p. 3. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">10. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Margta was four</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dowell,
response to inquiry on Peter John Bloom, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6 Oct 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">11. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Asiatic cholera</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Cholera”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wikipedia</i> (<a href="http://wikipedia.org/">http://wikipedia.org</a> : accessed </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">12 November 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">12. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">“on the voyage over”</b>: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Biographical and Genealogical Record of La
Salle County, Illinois,</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Chicago:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Lewis Publishing Company, 1900), entry
for “Frederick G. Cooper”, p. 404.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Internet Archives</i>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.archive.org/">http://www.archive.org</a>
: 2014.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This article contains several factual
errors but does mention some facts that can be confirmed elsewhere.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">13. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Betty Cathrine</i></b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Olov Issakson, </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Bishop Hill</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, </span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Illinois</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A Utopia of the Prairie</span></i><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">, (Stockholm:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LT
Publishing House, 1969).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">14. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Caroline</i> wreck</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Setterdahl, “Emigrant Letters by Bishop Hill
Colonists,” p. 126.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">15. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">three casualties</b>: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ibid., p.
126</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">16. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Newfoundland</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> claims</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Newfoundland
Shipwrecks”, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Northern Maritime Research</i>
(<a href="http://www.northernmaritimeresearch.com/">http://www.northernmaritimeresearch.com</a>
: accessed </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">30 November 2014</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Third Rescue</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">1<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. arrived in </b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">New York</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Olsson,
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Swedish Passenger Arrivals in New York</i>,
p. 118.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b>Entry for Peter Jonsson.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">2<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. son died before </b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Illinois</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">“Peter
J. Bloom,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Galva News</i>, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">27 Mar 1884</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The obit
mentions that Peter lost three children in the crossing but we know that only
the two younger daughters died before </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">New York</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">3. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">canal and </b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Great Lakes</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> to </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Chicago</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mikkelsen, “The
Bishop Hill Colony”, p. 29.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">4<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. dugouts and tents and cabins:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b>Ibid.,
p. 30.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">5<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. new bodies every morning</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ibid., p. 30.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">6. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">mass graves</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Olson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Swedish Element</i>, p. 44.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">7<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. Kerstin died: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b>“Peter J.
Bloom,” <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Galva News</i>, </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">27 Mar 1884</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A letter from
the Bishop Hill Heritage Society confirms that her death was probably caused by
cholera.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">8. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">no lists of the dead</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dowell,
Bishop Hill Heritage Association, response to inquiry on Peter John Bloom.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">9. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">wrapped in a sheet</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Olson, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Swedish Element</i>, p. 44.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">10.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Many of the people…”:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Heagy, (MS, April 1942), p. 3.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">11<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">. Ira Reed’s family</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1850
U.S. census, Stark County, Illinois, population schedule, p. 429 (handwritten),
dwelling 275, family 312, Ira C. Reed and Christine Peterson; digital image, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">FamilySearch.org</i> (<a href="http://www.familysearch.org/">http://www.familysearch.org</a> : accessed
30 November 2014); citing </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">NARA</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> publication M432, image 00052.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">12. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Peter’s second family</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Heagy,
(MS, April 1942), p. 4.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Peter married a
Mrs. Mary Johnson in 1850.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">13. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Christine lived on a boat</b>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Heagy,
(MS, April 1942), p. 4.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Fourth Rescue</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">1. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">Stockholm</span></b><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">: Heagy, (MS, April 1942), p. 3.</span></div>
heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-67831706148222090672014-09-04T13:16:00.001-07:002014-09-04T13:16:49.468-07:00Fighting Jungleer: Harry Van De Riet, Jr.Harry Van De Riet, Jr. served in the Army in World War II, fighting in the Pacific, mostly on New Guinea. My Grandma LaVonne was his adoring little sister and she loved to tell stories about both Harry and also their brothers Jack and Ray, who served in the Air Force.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBKKYIEdiR0Cj0sUxl1lIdx0OV1lYF9s_00yA8yDo79yj3zps1fKwzSgaoswLKNIjy1cO97cSprARv6hAmlxHhz_NlbW-jyS0ZQuDFhuUvKec-gKJ3Kqbbn5ZSCKdOjSSQ32OZxr0NdeBK/s1600/Three+VDR+soldiers+cropped.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBKKYIEdiR0Cj0sUxl1lIdx0OV1lYF9s_00yA8yDo79yj3zps1fKwzSgaoswLKNIjy1cO97cSprARv6hAmlxHhz_NlbW-jyS0ZQuDFhuUvKec-gKJ3Kqbbn5ZSCKdOjSSQ32OZxr0NdeBK/s1600/Three+VDR+soldiers+cropped.jpg" height="265" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ray, Harry Jr., and Jack Van De Riet</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<br />
Tough guys are heroes in this family, and Harry was a tough guy. He even looked tough: dark, tall and muscular, with one brown eye and one blue eye. (Does that sound like a villain on a James Bond movie?) Luckily he was also handsome and charming. For his future wife, Irene, it was love at first sight when she saw him in his uniform. (Well, second sight. The two were babies together but their families hadn't kept in contact.) The feeling was mutual but the couple agreed not to wed until Harry returned safely.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiQxcTMyIBixOqS-VzQYrJghDhsX63yHlrWB1oedwTasKrBrp2BNQCy4aqcL_kgGS28WxRAjzjEWLSna_tniNUG-Yah7FS0XM34OIYRSu9Nghcok-H4a04Swi9NZNQj5GmnaoK4JJSSS35/s1600/Harry+Jr+and+Irene.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiQxcTMyIBixOqS-VzQYrJghDhsX63yHlrWB1oedwTasKrBrp2BNQCy4aqcL_kgGS28WxRAjzjEWLSna_tniNUG-Yah7FS0XM34OIYRSu9Nghcok-H4a04Swi9NZNQj5GmnaoK4JJSSS35/s1600/Harry+Jr+and+Irene.JPG" height="400" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Irene and Harry Jr., March 4, 1945</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Harry did indeed return, but not without some major close calls with kingdom come. He came home bearing serious internal injuries, shrapnel, numerous medals and ribbons, a Japanese pistol and binoculars, and an ancient Samurai Sword won in mortal combat.<br />
<br />
On the Pacific front, very bluntly, the main objective was to kill. They got on those little islands and there wasn't really much of a system for taking prisoners, for either the Allies or the Japanese. With that in mind, one day Harry was out in the jungle. Possibly for reconnaissance, possibly hunting down any Japanese soldiers on the island, probably being hunted himself. He looked up and saw a pistol pointed right to his forehead, held by a lone Japanese officer. (Harry could tell he was an officer, possibly high-ranking because only those with rank were allowed to carry regalia such as swords). The pistols used by the Japanese army were infamous for misfiring, and sure enough, when the officer pulled the trigger on Harry, he heard a click and another click. Harry reacted, knocking the pistol away and grappling with the soldier in hand-to-hand combat. He was able to kill the man, breaking his neck.<br />
<br />
Harry took the malfunctioning pistol, a small pair of binoculars that have since been lost, and the sword, because "He wouldn't be needing it anymore."<br />
<br />
At some point during Harry's service, he received a stab wound to the left (brown) eye socket between the skull and eye, and also a defensive wound on his hand that left a raised, half-moon scar. It is possible that he got either of those wounds in this fight (although Harry did keep the officer from drawing his sword). The eye wound was serious and for a while it was thought that he would lose the eye. The big question was, would he get another brown eye or a blue one to match? The eye wound was stitched with a blond hair on the battlefield, the story goes that it was from a nurse, but Harry's daughter doesn't think there would have been female nurses in that situation, so maybe it was a restitch job that got the blond hair. Medical supplies were notably short on New Guinea, so...<br />
<br />
The men weren't really supposed to take souvenirs but many did. Harry actually did make it legal by acquiring permission from the army to keep the sword, and his family holds the release document. Until the paperwork came through, though, it was a bit of a trick to have such a showy item. He somehow managed to keep it hidden or maybe just wasn't challenged about it, until it was time to ship out.<br />
<br />
The story goes that there was a commanding officer who was a bit green (perhaps a little unsure of himself) who had charge of Harry's unit. The men had to stand at attention for several hours while they waited to board a ship. This CO used the time to inspect the men. Harry, aware that this might happen, had shoved the sword down his pant leg to hide it. It wasn't a very good job, and the CO barked at him "Whatever you've got in there, take it out and throw it over there on the pile." Harry stuck out his chest and told him in a threatening voice, "You can get this the same way I got it..." The CO chose to ignore him, kept walking, and Harry and sword were off scot-free.<br />
<br />
The sword was so sharp that Harry passed the time on the boat home purposely dulling it down. When he got home he put the sword in the safekeeping of his father Harry Sr. and then he was off to Fort Lewis, Washington for another year of active duty.<br />
<br />
Some years later, Harry was contacted by a federal official who told him that the family of the Japanese soldier wanted their sword back, and they were willing to pay a million dollars for it. However..., the official claimed, Harry was not allowed to have any contact with the Japanese--he would have to give this man the sword and then the man would get him his money. Harry told the Fed that he was willing to return the sword, but that he would only give it to the Japanese family personally. The matter was dropped. Good for you, Harry, sounds like a great big scam to me. If you are wondering how anyone could have known Harry had the sword--the Army did have documentation that Harry had it. As far as the Japanese family tracking him down, it's a stretch, but it's a slight possibility that Harry might have retrieved the Japanese officer's dog tags and turned them in with the documentation for the sword. Seems pretty bogus though. Also, as the current owner mentions, what would be the ramifications of returning such an item? In Japanese culture it may be considered a shameful or dishonorable thing to have war bounty returned. It would only highlight that their family member was defeated.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB3OyMHbGwy0LOqG1QTg2tcKVii3tPBxHaZDv_Pbq8QkH7SyvA3Q5A08VFMByl9jxHbuKvW0Spp_rCIElf6nRJnkaCFqhlFnO6o8FvjTfxShoVnbDN17uIBg0_VPWmWPipZdwY4jCanOnD/s1600/100_3630.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB3OyMHbGwy0LOqG1QTg2tcKVii3tPBxHaZDv_Pbq8QkH7SyvA3Q5A08VFMByl9jxHbuKvW0Spp_rCIElf6nRJnkaCFqhlFnO6o8FvjTfxShoVnbDN17uIBg0_VPWmWPipZdwY4jCanOnD/s1600/100_3630.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The writing on the shank is only visible when the handle is removed.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Is it worth a million dollars? Intrinsically, no. As a family or historical artifact, though, it is priceless, especially since the Japanese characters for the successive owners, probably passed father to son, are inscribed on the shank. The markings date back to possibly the 1600s. Harry had a Japanese professor who worked at the GSA (General Services Administration) in Auburn, WA, examine the sword, and he couldn't translate the characters all the way back to the first owner because the language had evolved enough over that time to make them indecipherable to a reader of modern Japanese. <br />
<br />
Is it a Samurai sword? Yes. Here is how wikipedia.com describes a "Samurai" sword, or "katana".<br />
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"Historically, <b>katana</b> were one of the traditionally made Japanese swords that were used in feudal Japan, also commonly referred to as a "<b>samurai sword</b>". Modern versions of the katana are sometimes made using non-traditional materials and methods.<br />
<br />
The katana is characterized by its distinctive appearance: a curved,
slender, single-edged blade with a circular or squared guard and long
grip to accommodate two hands. It has historically been associated with
the samurai of feudal Japan." (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katana">wikipedia "katana"</a> if you'd like to see the example photo.) </blockquote>
<br />
So, history detectives...how does our sword compare? Curved, slender single-edge blade? Check. Circular guard? Check. Long grip for two hands? Check. Dates from feudal Japan? Check. I think we can safely call it a Samurai sword. It is also very beautiful. The light areas on the handle are covered in cream/pinkish seed pearls. <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqX4X2t7S2vKsRq7OPf1w8okYa2pXsV16l7VSITFOEUb3I50KWRw2lyI777RzR0v2IugNzE5GyKXTvMco7S0AZCcMGbHugPnIaFSS6ofJQB9oCJO_BPoPSUaD6bXQ4VwkJ5ZAg4pDwEznI/s1600/100_3634.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqX4X2t7S2vKsRq7OPf1w8okYa2pXsV16l7VSITFOEUb3I50KWRw2lyI777RzR0v2IugNzE5GyKXTvMco7S0AZCcMGbHugPnIaFSS6ofJQB9oCJO_BPoPSUaD6bXQ4VwkJ5ZAg4pDwEznI/s1600/100_3634.jpg" height="298" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Can you see the hero worship on their faces? My brother Jake Haynes and two of his handsome sons.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Did Harry have to use the sword? No, he didn't use it, but there are blood stains on the blade.<br />
<br />
Two other stories from the front.<br />
<br />
Harry was involved in a terrible jeep wreck. Either the jeep was bombed, or drove over a land mine or was hit by a mortar shell. Harry received some bad internal injuries. They fixed him up as best as they could there, but when after he had been home for a short while, and married, he got sick and had to have his kidney removed. His spleen was so bad that although the doctors left it in, they told him that if he jerked quick, like accidentally stepping off a curb or something, it could rupture. He was discharged. A few years later, it did rupture, and Harry got peritonitis. He had to have it out, along with half of his stomach.<br />
<br />
Harry's unit took part in the Battle of Buna-Gona, back on New Guinea, November 1942-January 1943. It was a battle drawn out over a matter of months, and included three major skirmishes. For an in-depth article about t<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buna%E2%80%93Gona">his battle on Wikipedia, click here</a>. <br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d4/American_dead_buna_beach.png/220px-American_dead_buna_beach.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d4/American_dead_buna_beach.png/220px-American_dead_buna_beach.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: center;">
This picture of 3 Americans casualties at Buna-Gona was actually the first photograph of Americans dead on the battlefield to be published (LIFE, 20 Sept 1943), authorized by FDR, who thought we were becoming too complacent over cost of human life. (From Wikipedia.)</div>
</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Buna-Gona was notably bad. Conditions were horrible: a difficult, swampy jungle environment, lack of food and medicine (that would rapidly disintegrate in the humidity, anyway) and ammunition, disease, even some evidence of cannibalism for both the Allies and the Japanese (who had basically been <br />
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abandoned there but were determined to defend their post). Foxholes and bunkers filled up with water.<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
The men at the front in New Guinea were perhaps among the most
wretched-looking soldiers ever to wear the American uniform. They were
gaunt and thin, with deep black circles under their sunken eyes. They
were covered with tropical sores. ... They were clothed in tattered,
stained jackets and pants. ... Often the soles had been sucked off their
shoes by the tenacious, stinking mud. Many of them fought for days with
fevers and didn't know it. ... Malaria, dengue fever, dysentery, and,
in a few cases, typhus hit man after man. There was hardly a soldier,
among the thousands who went into the jungle, who didn't come down with
some kind of fever at least once.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKahn1943121-122_81-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buna%E2%80%93Gona#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKahn1943121-122-81">[75]</a></sup></blockquote>
<br />
One of the generals involved, General Eichelberger, likened the casualties at Buna-Gona to the statistics of a Civil War battle, instead of one in World War II. From <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buna%E2%80%93Gona">wikipedia: </a><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
In his book, <i>Our Jungle Road to Tokyo</i> written in 1950,
Eichelberger wrote, "Buna was...bought at a substantial price in death,
wounds, disease, despair, and human suffering. No one who fought there,
however hard he tries, will ever forget it." Fatalities, he concluded,
"closely approach, percentage-wise, the heaviest losses in our Civil War
battles." He also commented, "I am a reasonably unimaginative man, but
Buna is still to me, in retrospect, a nightmare. This long after, I can
still remember every day and most of the nights."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELarrabee2004327_94-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buna%E2%80%93Gona#cite_note-FOOTNOTELarrabee2004327-94">[87]</a></sup></blockquote>
Lucky for Harry, his regiment, the 163rd of the 41st Infantry, were the reinforcements that
were finally called <i><br /></i><br />
in January, "fresh from Australia", so hopefully he avoided
the worst of the suffering. (Although, I'm pretty sure I remember my Dad mentioning once that Harry had to eat monkeys. Wonder if it was during this period?) The 163rd "took over the two roadblocks and relieved the Australians". It was on a detail while defending the Huggins Roadblock that Harry earned either his Silver Star for Gallantry in Action or his Campaign Service Medal, for service in an emergency situation. Here is the description of the incident taken from <i>41st Infantry Division, Fighting Jungleers II. </i>Pardon the military shorthand--we'll try to make some sense of it.<i><br /></i><br />
<br />
<i> </i> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">I Co. 163 Inf Storms Perimeter U
</span><br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><i></i></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">On <span class="aBn" data-term="goog_1855765167" tabindex="0"><span class="aQJ">15 Jan.</span></span> Nips got mad at us. Sent up the trail from Huggins 200 yards to salvage a blitz buggy,[a jeep], a 1/pln squad walked into a Jap MG [Machine Gun] sighted on the buggy. We dived off in all
directions. S/Sgt Van De Riet fell into a hole beside an old Jap
Corpse, but did not mind the company.</span></div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">With 2/Lt John Olson and Sgt Whitehorn, Van De Riet pulled us all back to safety.</span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Back at Huggins, most of I Co.
fearfully regarded a tall dead jungle tree with only a few green vines
up its trunk. Invisible except from a side view, a Jap sniper still hung by his safety
rope. Meanwhile, we worked on Sanananda Road again. And a large "I"
detail also helped dig up the few Yank dead at Musket, to rebury them in
a more suitable place. The memory of this horror of corpses stayed
with us in the next days of combat.</span></div>
</blockquote>
When Harry's daughter was describing this story to me, she mentioned Harry's recoil when remembering the maggots and the smell. (She also described the whole incident as a "squirmish" instead of a "skirmish", which is one of the best Freudian slips I've ever heard.) One location in the Buna-Gona Battle was in fact nicknamed "Maggot Beach" because of all the rotting bodies. On New Guinea, Harry received a battlefield commission (Sergeant) and
was sent to two weeks of officer's training in Australia. I don't know if it was before or after this incident, but the book here describes him as S/Sgt.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd_zoSpw4Y-7H0RIqVSkFPFfjLKfpzJ84SGeIrScTpVvy1Z_H74c4_9MQACkMBtOBdP52uL5t94F-11J-4EWTMcTzsauYQoZqDHrYjEdVB8wlqggFJLYo8qClicYElmGo8DC2EAIgOF6F3/s1600/Harry+horseback.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd_zoSpw4Y-7H0RIqVSkFPFfjLKfpzJ84SGeIrScTpVvy1Z_H74c4_9MQACkMBtOBdP52uL5t94F-11J-4EWTMcTzsauYQoZqDHrYjEdVB8wlqggFJLYo8qClicYElmGo8DC2EAIgOF6F3/s1600/Harry+horseback.JPG" height="400" width="310" /></a>Some members of the family have heard a story that at the moment Harry was awarded one of his medals he reached up and plucked an emerging piece of shrapnel from his temple and tossed it. Harry's daughter does not think he had shrapnel at his temple, but he did have it in other places on his body. She also thinks that the Silver Star would have come in the mail to his home. This version actually makes more sense of the shrapnel story. I imagine Harry opening the official missive in front of his family (including his little sister who became my grandmother, who passed on the story) and tossing the shrapnel as an exclamation point, much to everyone's amusement.<br />
<br />
Harry's wife Irene wrote that after they got engaged, when Harry was safely back on American soil, "[he] went back to Montana, to rest and relax, he saddled up his horse Chief, two packhorses and went up in to the mountains and spent some time by himself."<br />
<br />
Chief, I hope you were an easy ride and a soothing companion for this warrior returned. <br />
<br />
SOURCES:<br />
<br />
Personal Visits and Interviews with Harry's children<br />
<br />
<div class="c3">
<i>41st Infantry Division Association. 41st Infantry Division: Fighting Jungleers II</i>. Turner Publishing Company. 1997. </div>
<div class="c3">
<br /></div>
“Battle of Buna-Gona” <span class="c1"><i>Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia</i>. </span>Wikimedia
Foundation, Inc., date last updated (28 August 2014). Web. Date
accessed (28 Aug. 2014). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Buna_Gona.<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="c3">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>“Katana.” <span class="c1"><i>Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia</i>. </span>Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., date last updated (28 August 2014). Web. Date accessed (28 Aug. 2014). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katana</div>
<div class="c3">
<br /></div>
<div class="c3">
Van De Riet, Irene. "Life with Harry". Manuscript. <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";">Van De Riet Family History Binder. Compiled by Sheila Jackman, 2002. Privately held by Jaclyn Day.</span></span></div>
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heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-69078368681966430812014-07-25T20:57:00.000-07:002019-11-11T14:27:52.271-08:00A Ponca Winter Saint: D. Newell DrakeD. Newell Drake<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn1" name="_ednref1" style="mso-endnote-id: edn1;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">(1819-1879</span>)
was an early member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. When he
was a young father, he found himself in an overturned world. Joseph Smith the
Prophet had been murdered.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thousands of
people were in flux, forced from their beautiful city Nauvoo,
Illinois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Most, including Newell, chose to follow the prophet Brigham Young,
pioneering across the plains to what would become Utah.
<br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Newell’s pioneer experience really illustrates the learning
curve of an entire people trying to figure out just what it means to <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">follow</i> a Prophet of God. His story is unusual and deserves a full telling, particularly of the winter he spent with a small group of Saints among the Ponca Indians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfUbIk5RmwB10Hlk-HLkvE4428q-4z7mnGzl3H5TTyNpkuNWktJurDALtJnkqOk28uI1fOIgfsdJ3xUgI-5nmTncBMTDoDtQNbUkoYNuAdkkhCBXKgZP8jIrr71malVlBG7EWo2Z04eqb8/s1600/daniel+newell+Drake+Sr+larger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfUbIk5RmwB10Hlk-HLkvE4428q-4z7mnGzl3H5TTyNpkuNWktJurDALtJnkqOk28uI1fOIgfsdJ3xUgI-5nmTncBMTDoDtQNbUkoYNuAdkkhCBXKgZP8jIrr71malVlBG7EWo2Z04eqb8/s1600/daniel+newell+Drake+Sr+larger.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">D. Newell Drake, II. Utah Pioneer.</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Before the Journey</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
At some point in Newell’s childhood, probably around 1826,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="mso-endnote-id: edn2;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a>
the Drake family had decided to move “west” from eastern New
York to Ohio,
and then to Illinois around 1835,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="mso-endnote-id: edn3;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a>
the rest of their large clan (Newell’s mother was one of 13 siblings) remaining
in Vermont or New
York, (save one Aunt Sally who also came to Ohio).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="mso-endnote-id: edn4;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Perhaps this already-established separation
from the family greased the wheels a bit when, years later, they made another
huge life change—joining the church and then moving much further west. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One notable exception was Newell’s elder
sister Diantha Drake Barnes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She had
married in Trumbull County, Ohio
in 1835 and remained there with her husband, eventually moving to Michigan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="mso-endnote-id: edn5;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Barnes’ did not join the church.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Newell joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day
Saints at age 22, in the spring of 1841.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Genealogy records online indicate that his little brother Orson might
have joined as early as 1839, but other accounts indicate that the entire
family (Daniel Sr., Patience, Newell, Sarah, Orson and Horace) joined together
in either March or May of ‘41.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="mso-endnote-id: edn6;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Newell was baptized in La Harpe, Illinois,
just weeks within the establishment of a branch of the church there.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="mso-endnote-id: edn7;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As far as I can tell, both of Newell’s
parents were the only members from each of their families, which may not have
even been religious in the first place—Daniel Sr. and Patience had been married
by a Justice of the Peace instead of a minister of any particular church.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn8" name="_ednref8" style="mso-endnote-id: edn8;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.lds.org/bc/content/shared/content/images/gospel-library/manual/32502/17-10.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://www.lds.org/bc/content/shared/content/images/gospel-library/manual/32502/17-10.gif" width="311" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">From Church History in the Fulness of Times <a href="https://www.lds.org/manual/church-history-in-the-fulness-of-times-student-manual/chapter-seventeen-refuge-in-illinois?lang=eng">Manual</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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The Drakes had moved to La Harpe, Illinois,
in Hancock County
(about 25 miles east of Nauvoo) sometime around 1835<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a>,
the same year as sister Diantha’s Ohio
marriage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> La Harpe had no special connection
to the church until about four years later, 1839, when dislocated Saints from
Missouri, particularly Erastus Bingham Sr., moved there.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn10" name="_ednref10" style="mso-endnote-id: edn10;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[10]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> In other words, the Drakes were there a few years before the Saints arrived. </span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>La Harpe is described by church historian
Donald Q. Cannon as one of several “’missionary towns’ in Illinois—places
where the Saints lived among nonmembers, whom they hoped to convert to the
gospel”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This plan apparently worked for the Drakes,
although the Saints never became a majority in the town.<span class="MsoEndnoteReference"> <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn12" name="_ednref12" style="mso-endnote-id: edn12;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[12]</span></span></span></a></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Erastus Bingham was the earliest Latter-Day Saint settler there and did much missionary work, also a man named Zenos Gurley.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Either of these two men could have been the
missionary that taught and baptized the family, but regardless of who performed
the ordinances, Bingham particularly was to play a significant role throughout
Newell’s life, always seeming to be present at the turning points.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He served as his ecclesiastical leader<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn13" name="_ednref13" style="mso-endnote-id: edn13;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a> and eventually
became Newell’s stepfather<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn14" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[14]</span></span></span></span></a>
after Daniel Sr. died in Utah, and was Newell's longtime neighbor in Utah. (Bingham's original pioneer cabin-- that would have neighbored Newell's-- is on display at Lagoon's Pioneer Village in Farmington, Utah.) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></div>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~dagjones/docs/eb3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~dagjones/docs/eb3.jpg" height="200" width="158"></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Erastus Bingham</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Newell was married in La Harpe to Cynthia Parker Johnson on 4 Jan 1844.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn15" name="_ednref15" style="mso-endnote-id: edn15;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[15]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was 24, she was 19.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They took up residence with or near the
family and by the end of the year had a baby girl, Lucy.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn16" name="_ednref16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[16]</span></span></span></span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal">
For the young Drake family, life was just beginning and this
could have been a time of peace and prosperity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Instead, it became a time of tumult, growth, and hard choices.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unfortunately, Newell did not leave a journal
or memoir, so we don’t know his day to day thoughts, motives, or
activities.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The best we can do is piece
together possibilities of what might have happened from the facts that we <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">do</i> know. Luckily, several of his contemporaries did keep descriptive records of their common experience.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal">
On 27 June 1844,
the Prophet Joseph was martyred.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
August, Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles were sustained in a
General Conference as leaders of the church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We don’t know if Newell attended this conference, after all, La Harpe
was 25 miles away from Nauvoo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What’s
important to note is that he continued to support the church leaders by his
actions, confirming that he was in agreement with the decision.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal">
The year after the prophet was killed, the Saints were busy
trying to complete the Nauvoo Temple.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They also continued to face persecution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once again, I don’t know how likely it is that
Newell helped in the temple construction because he was not that close to
Nauvoo—unless he had moved there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Neither
does it seem that he nor his parents or siblings received their endowments
there, once it was finished.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn17" name="_ednref17" style="mso-endnote-id: edn17;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[17]</span></span></span></span></a> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is possible, however, that the Drakes did
in fact move to Nauvoo for this interim.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>One history of Erastus Bingham claims that the Saints living around Carthage
(this would include La Harpe) were exceedingly nervous of mob violence after
Joseph was martyred, and so, the Binghams moved to the opposite side of Nauvoo
in the spring of 1845.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn18" name="_ednref18" style="mso-endnote-id: edn18;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[18]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their neighbors the Drakes might have done
the same, although we don’t know exactly where they might have stayed for that
last year the Saints were in Illinois.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As far as evidence of persecution that might have threatened the Drake family
directly, there is one story of note. A mob in La Harpe threatened a
prominent church member, a miller, Lewis Rice Chaffin, when they found him secretly grinding
grain for other members of the church in the dark of night.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in;">
<br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">“If
you grind a grain of flour for the Mormons, we will blow your brains out!”
Chaffin replied: “Let me grind my own toll.” The mob retorted with taunts and
foul language, but they left him to grind all the grain he had brought.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn19" name="_ednref19" style="mso-endnote-id: edn19;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 11.0pt;">[19]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Iowa</b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> Crossing and the Ponca Camp</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
By February of 1846, the forced exodus was underway, the
slow and arduous first-leg of the journey west, across Iowa,
was ahead.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We don’t know what company
Newell was aligned with for certain or what the circumstances of his Iowa
crossing were, but it is possible to have a pretty good theory based on where
he ended up that winter, and with whom.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Newell probably traveled in company with his former church
leader, Erastus Bingham, who at one point
(timelines conflict a bit here, probably because things were being constantly
reorganized) was made Captain of One Hundred in the Daniel Spencer/Ira Eldredge
Company.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn20" name="_ednref20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[20]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The pioneers were governed into smaller and
smaller segments modeled after the organization of the ancient Israelites, Captain
of Ten being the smallest. It is likely that Newell was in Bingham’s division
because </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>1)of his
previous and future associations with him </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>2)they both
were among a small group who wintered at Ponca Camp </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>3)also
because Newell’s parents and brothers later continued to Salt
Lake in this same Daniel Spencer
Company.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn21" name="_ednref21" style="mso-endnote-id: edn21;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[21]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
At this point it might be helpful to show a timeline of the
forces and events that were affecting Newell’s family, drawn from
well-established church history and also accounts of his siblings and other
travelers who were closely aligned with Newell, such as Erastus Bingham, Joseph
Holbrook, Anson Call, Newel Knight, and David Miller.</div>
<br />
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<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
February 1846</div>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381">Wagons start to cross the frozen Mississippi
from Nauvoo.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Spring (March?)1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Crossing the Mississippi</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
The Drake family, which includes Newell’s parents and siblings, crosses
the Mississippi.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[22]</span> Horace
Drake claims that the family crossed at Fort
Madison,<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[23]</span> which is actually
about 9 miles upriver from Nauvoo. They progress slowly across muddy Iowa
with the main body of the Saints.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
12 June 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Miller vanguard</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
The Camp of Israel (Brigham Young’s name for the main body of travelers,
which would have included Newell) is camped at Mt.
Pisgah, about 2/3 of the way
across Iowa. Brigham
Young is dissatisfied with the slow progress and creates a small
well-equipped company of 32 wagons, under Bishop George Miller, to push ahead
across the Missouri River (the Iowa
border) with the intent to improve roads and bridges, locate campsites,
collect firewood,<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[24]</span> and continue to
the Rockies. <br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
We first meet George Miller, who becomes a bit of a villain in our
story, in <a href="https://www.lds.org/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/124?lang=eng">Section
124</a> of the Doctrine and Covenants, given in 1841. At that time he
is described as “without guile” and that he may be “trusted because of the
integrity of his heart”. He was called to be a bishop and accomplished
many noteworthy things that built the kingdom.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[81]</span> Like some
others, though, in the end he struggled with fully accepting the rightful
leadership of Brigham Young, disagreeing or disapproving of his
decisions. He was disfellowshipped not long after Newell safely arrived
in Utah. George Miller
did not complete the journey, landing in various apostate groups in Texas,
Wisconsin, Michigan,
and finally back to Illinois.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[82]</span> <br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="float: left; mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;">
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<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 112.65pt;" width="150"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.lds.org/bc/content/shared/content/images/gospel-library/manual/32502/24-08.gif"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span></a></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 112.65pt;" width="150"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.lds.org/bc/content/shared/content/images/gospel-library/manual/32502/24-08.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://www.lds.org/bc/content/shared/content/images/gospel-library/manual/32502/24-08.gif" width="150" /></a></div>
George Miller</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Newell witnessed Bishop Miller’s downfall up close and personal.
Throughout the crossing of Iowa
in 1846 Miller repeatedly disobeyed Brigham Young, pushing ahead with his
small company and separating from the main body of pioneers.<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span> I hope that Newell was not part of
Miller’s company, but I don’t know when or with whom he crossed Iowa,
although if I had to guess I’d put him with Erastus Bingham once again.
What I do know is that Newell Drake’s, Erastus Bingham’s, and Bishop Miller’s
stories intersect at a place called the Ponca Camp.<br />
<br />
About the same time, a Presbyterian mission at a Pawnee village 114
miles <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">further</i> across the river in Nebraska
is attacked by Sioux raiders. With Brigham Young’s permission, the
Presbyterians hire Bishop Miller’s advance company to go to the mission and
retrieve belongings, etc.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[25]</span> This chain
of events directly affects Newell and his family. </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Early July 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Mormon Battalion recruited</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><br />
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<tbody>
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<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 102.0pt;" width="136"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-301-41494-321-86/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span></a></div>
</td>
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<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 102.0pt;" width="136"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-301-41494-370-97/thumb200s.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-301-41494-370-97/thumb200s.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" width="200" /></a></div>
Horace Drake</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
The Camp of Israel (includes the Drakes) has completed the Iowa crossing
and camps at Council Bluffs on the Missouri, a site where Lewis and Clark had
held “council” with the Indians about their journey upriver about forty years
earlier. The Mormon Battalion is recruited and mustered here. We know
the Drakes are present because Newell’s little brother Horace Drake tries to
enlist but is denied due to a bad arm. Daniel Sr. does not allow little
brother Orson to join without Horace.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[26]</span> I don’t
know why Newell does not enlist. (I suppose, then, that maybe there is a
small case here for his association with the Miller group or some other
distant task force—additionally, one member of the Miller group later
reported that Miller did not even inform them about the call for troops,
making it too late to enlist when they did find out since they were deep into
Nebraska at the time.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[27]</span>)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
16 July 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Heber and Brigham companies</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
Brigham Young announces that another, larger group should be sent ahead
into Nebraska to join the
Miller company. This larger group consists of a company of 68 wagons
recruited by him (Brigham Young) and a group of 73 recruited by Heber
Kimball.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="mso-endnote-id: edn9;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[28]</span> The Drakes<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[29]</span> and Erastus
Bingham were part of this 68, called Brigham’s Co.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="mso-endnote-id: edn11;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[30]</span> (although Brigham
Young was not traveling with them.) The rest of the saints would make
temporary settlements, stopping the time being in the Council Bluffs/Winter
Quarters area on the Missouri.
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
1 August 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Loup Fork</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
After having journeyed into Nebraska
along the Platte, Brigham’s Co.
and Heber’s Co. and join Miller’s Co.
at Loup Fork, near the Pawnee mission, making about 200 wagons and 600 people<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[31]</span>. Also
having joined the group was the “rogue” company of James Emmett, lately
arrived from their Fort Vermillion,
South Dakota, where several
saints had basically been duped into moving west before the directive was
given, by Emmett, who was kind of a hot-shot frontiersman. (Church
leaders had traveled to South Dakota
and requested that the members there accept rebaptism as a token of their
loyalty to the Twelve.)<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[32]</span> Miller and Emmett
together were a disaster waiting to happen, neither in open rebellion but
both on the verge and full of their own grand ideas. </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
7-9 August 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
High Council formed</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Invited to Ponca lands</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
A message arrives bringing new orders from Brigham Young to form a High
Council of Twelve with George Miller as President (thankfully, the council also
included Erastus Bingham, Newel Knight, Anson Call, Joseph Holbrook and
others, and notably, no one from James Emmett's South Dakota company).
The Council was told to make arrangements to winter in the area and to use
their own judgment how to prepare for winter.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn14" name="_ednref14" style="mso-endnote-id: edn14;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[33]</span><br />
<br />
This decision was not without drama. George Miller was not happy
about Brigham Young’s directive to stop forward progress and wanted to
disregard the order.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[34]</span> (Although
the Holbrook account says there was “a good spirit with the brethren as to
their duty”.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn16" name="_ednref16" style="mso-endnote-id: edn16;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[35]</span>) The company
tarried for three days discussing and deciding what to do.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[36]</span>
Ultimately it was up to the High Council and their unanimous vote although
the blame of the decision somewhat erroneously falls on Miller. <br />
<br />
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<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 405.0pt;" width="540"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.firstpeople.us/photographs2/pt/White-Eagle--Standing-Bear-Ponca-no-date.jpg"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img border="0" src="https://www.firstpeople.us/photographs2/pt/White-Eagle--Standing-Bear-Ponca-no-date.jpg" height="768" width="540"></span></span></a></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 405.0pt;" width="540"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
White Eagle and Chief Standing
Bear were Ponca youths when the Mormons wintered near their tribe.
(Photo from <a href="http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Pictures/American-Indians-GC14.html#Native_Photographs_3">firstpeople.us)</a></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
In the midst of the considerations, a chance visit from some traveling
Ponca (or Puncaw) Indians offered a surprising new opportunity. The Indians
warned them that they were not in a safe place because of warring Pawnee and
Sioux. The Poncas were kind and the Chief<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">,</span> aware that the
Saints were refugees having been driven out of the States,<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[38]</span> invited them to
camp for the winter “three sleeps” away near their home at Running Water or
Swift Water Fork (the Niobrara River, tributary to the Missouri) where there
was plenty of water, wood, and feed for the stock that they were welcome to.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn20" name="_ednref20" style="mso-endnote-id: edn20;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[39]</span><br />
<br />
At this point Erastus Bingham stood up on a wagon wheel and declared to
the crowd his intention to follow the Prophet Brigham Young’s orders to cease
westward progress and invited the company to take the Ponca’s up on their
offer of a safe camp until spring.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[40]</span> The High Council
agreed in good conscience without any chance to confer with leaders still on
the Missouri, leaving behind 14
families who refused to follow Miller<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[41]</span> (about ten
percent) to keep up relations with the Pawnee. (Brigham Young recalled
this last group to Winter Quarters in October, concerned about their
“precarious” position and circumstances.)<br />
“[Brigham]Young concluded that Miller 'was deceived in reference to the
locality of Puncha and that he was running wild through the counsel of James
Emmett.'...Young’s objections to Miller’s course were both political and
religious. They [the apostles] were well aware of Emmett’s sordid track
record among the Indians and the unkind attitude both the Sioux and Indian
agents harbored against him. They also feared that an isolated Saint encampment on the Southern borders of Sioux territory was an open invitation
to serious trouble, a move that might endanger the entire Mormon settlements
at the Missouri. Emmett
was a maverick, a wild-eyed dreamer in young’s mind. On the other hand,
Miller greatly esteemed Emmett. “The excellencies of this man Emmit as
a skilful hunter and pioneer cannot be too highly spoken of,” said
Miller. “He was perhaps never excelled, even by the renowned Daniel
Boone.” But Young was convinced Miller and Emmett had been too easily
persuaded to winter with the Ponca and might well become unwilling
instigators of Sioux attacks.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn24" name="_ednref24" style="mso-endnote-id: edn24;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[42])</span></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
12-23 August 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Arrival at the Niobrara</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
The company travels 150 miles <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">north</i>
through Nebraska with the Ponca
Chief to the mouth of the Niobrara River
(across from South Dakota, much
more than "three sleeps", proving right Brigham Young's prediction
of incorrect estimation of locality).<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[43]</span> They had to
make much of the road themselves but were able to hunt buffalo and have
plenty of meat.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[44]</span> It took
them "ten sleeps." <br />
<div align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 405.0pt;" width="540"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Missouririvermap.jpg"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img border="0" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Missouririvermap.jpg" height="320" width="400"></span></span></a></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 405.0pt;" width="540"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Winter Quarters would have been
near Omaha. Also visible
is the Loup Fork where the Ponca Saints headed north, and the mouth of the Niobrara
where they camped. The Saints later followed the North
Platte route to Utah.
(From Wikipedia.)</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<br />
When they arrived the Poncas flocked around them, “eager to see our
Cattle, sheep, Hens, Pigs, and in fact almost everything we had was entirely
new to them.”<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[45]</span> The
Indians are good hosts, keeping order, offering the Saints a chance to look
around and choose their campsite. The Saints offer to put in corn in
the spring and help with any blacksmithing needs.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[46]</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">“The Winter Quarters period in church
history, 1847-1852 has, until recently, been neglected in Mormon
historiography. It has now come to be considered one of the most
important periods in Latter-Day Saint history, "Mormonism in the raw," as one
student put it. During these years Brigham Young became president of the
Church (in 1847) and inaugurated many policies and practices that were
later applied in the </span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">Great
Basin</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;">. <i>Particularly
important were the lessons learned from being in close proximity to Indians</i>--how
to understand Indian life and customs, how to trade with Indians, and how to
prevent and punish Indian thievery, for example. Equally important were
the lessons learned about surviving on the frontier, and how to lead and hold
together a people under adverse conditions…” (Mormon Pioneer National
Historic Trail, “Historic Resource Study”, </span>Stanley B. Kimball, Ph.D.,
May 1991, from mormontrails.org.)<br />
<br />
The company of Saints at the Ponca camp was about to gain a wide variety
of experience crucial to their success in settling Utah. </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
August-early September 1946</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Haying</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
The company explores options of various campsites and harvests the tall
grass for hay for the winter. There is some discord in camp; some of
the men refuse to hay, others wish to travel down the Missouri
(presumably back to Council Bluffs)
alone.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[47]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
8 September 1946</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Building the Fort</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Winter Quarters established</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
Having decided on a site on the Niobrara about 2-3 miles from the
Missouri, a fort is laid out, consisting of two rows of cabins facing inward,
the rows being 106 feet apart, with gates on each end, divided into 110 lots,
all taken.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[48]</span> About 150
families settle here. They are the first whites to settle in upper Nebraska.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[50]</span><br />
<br />
Around this time Winter Quarters is established for the main body of
Saints at Florence, Nebraska
and includes many nearby temporary settlements. (The Ponca camp is not
at all close to this web of settlements at Winter Quarters and has,
therefore, frequently been overlooked by students of church history.)
The Saints at Winter Quarters also deal regularly with Indians—mostly the
friendly Omaha and the Oto (not as
friendly).<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[51]</span><br />
<br />
Brigham Young could have ordered the company home at this time, but did
not, perhaps because the resources available at Winter Quarters were already
spread thin. Instead, he sent strict instructions to George Miller and
the High Council to fulfill all promises made to the Poncas, maintain strict
neutrality between tribes, and ‘cultivate the spirit of perfect peace’. He
also included the open invitation “If you want to locate your families here
[Winter Quarters] you have only to build a boat and drop them down to this
place where you can become partakers of such like blessings as we enjoy.”<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[52]</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
13 September 1946</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Daughter born</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Consecration rejected </div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
In the midst of construction, Newell’s wife Cynthia bears her second
daughter, Cynthia Remina Drake.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn34" name="_ednref34" style="mso-endnote-id: edn34;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[xxxiv]</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[53]</span> The Ponca
chief (probably the one who had issued the company the invitation) died the
day before and was buried somewhere on the bluffs. Also, some Sioux
come into the camp and smoke the peace pipe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn35" name="_ednref35" style="mso-endnote-id: edn35;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[54]</span> which was
probably a relief to the Saints (although the gesture didn’t amount to
much). Joseph Holbrook recounts at least two skirmishes between the
Ponca and Sioux during their stay, aggravated by the threat of the
Saint-Ponca alliance.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[55]</span> <br />
<br />
Also during September James Emmett and George Miller promoted a forced
common property--a law of consecration, (a principle taught by Joseph
Smith.) This push might have stemmed partly from the relative
destitution of Emmett's South Dakota
company and occasional slights of selfishness toward Emmett's company.
The idea of common property was unpopular among the company and highly
discouraged by the High Council, who considered it out of their authority to
establish such drastic measures. Miller argued that as a Bishop, it was
within his right to attend to the properties of the church, trumping the high
council, and that it was God's will that he do so (insinuating that he was
God's mouthpiece). Brigham Young caught wind of the disagreement and
sent a letter discouraging the idea, specifically "until we are more
perfect, all such attempts will end in poverty and confusion."
Resources were not pooled, but discord remained. [<u>84</u>]</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
End of September</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Cannon arrives </div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
Some members of the company return from a river trip (about 20 days round
trip) to Winter Quarters, bringing with them a cannon and instructions from
“the twelve”.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[56]</span> (During
this time the Saints acknowledged the Twelve Apostles as the leaders of the
church--Brigham Young and the First Presidency were not sustained until the
following December. This may be one of the reasons Bishop George Miller
felt he had just as much say as Brigham Young—Miller struggled to accept his
leadership, feeling that the members of the Council of Fifty should have just
as much authority.)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 12;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
October 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Venturing out </div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
Some men of the company are sent downriver (it is not known if Newell or
his brothers or father were a part of this expedition) to Missouri to buy
grain, stopping at Winter Quarters where Bishop Miller was tried for some
unnamed misconduct, possibly for ignoring a letter from Brigham Young that
told him to bring everyone back to Winter Quarters.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[57]</span> (If this
particular rebellion is true, it had great ramifications for the Drakes, who
suffered a death in the Ponca Camp that winter—of course, though, many also
died at Winter Quarters.) While Miller was there, Young overheard his
grumblings about Young and the Twelve and promptly blasted him.<br />
"He [Young] handled the case very ruff. He said that Miller and
Emmett had a delusive spirit and that anyone that would follow them would go
to hell, etc....that they would sacrifice this people to aggrandize
themselves or to get power." --Willard Richards [<u>89</u>]
<br />
Another handful of men, including the chronicler Joseph Holbrook and James
Emmett, are sent on a scouting mission West, probably along the Niobrara,
intended to go as far as Fort Laramie,
to look for a likely route to the Salt
Lake Valley
to use in the Spring.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[58]</span> (Holbrook does
not mention any of the Drake clan as part of this small expedition.) George
Miller and James Emmett seemed to have their hearts set on this more
Northerly route for the exodus and desired the entire body of Saints to
travel this way.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[59]</span>
Brigham Young favored the Platte route, which was in
fact, chosen. In any case, the scouting mission proves unsuccessful and
difficult and the men come close to starvation; Holbrook reports learning to
eat skunk.</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 13;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
December 1846</div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Fire</div>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 285.95pt;" valign="top" width="381"><br />
The company was living on short rations,<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[60]</span> and their
livestock were regularly stolen by Indians or preyed upon by wolves.
The Indians would also start prairie fires to hunt herds of buffalo, leaving
no grass for the Saints’ livestock.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[61]</span> Christmas
Day brought a particularly frightening disaster, later colorfully described
by camp member Wilmer Bronson, in the writing style of his day. <br />
“At length the fire had got to within three miles of the fort. The
scene now became grand beyond description. The massive flames soared
aloft and lit up the horizon to such an extent as to make the smallest object
discernible at any time of the night. A death-like silence prevailed
every bosom as we impatiently awaited the consequences of the coming catastrophe…<br />
“On the evening of the 25<sup>th</sup>
of December, 1846, a scene indescribably horrid was enacted
wherein the element of fire became the aggressor, and our haystacks, cattle
yards, woodpiles, and so forth, the sufferers. The young and some of
the old people of the fort were quietly and peaceably enjoying themselves in
the dance when all of a sudden their apprehensions were aroused by a report
from some of the company who had been out viewing the progress of the flames,
that the fire had made its appearance on top of the hill about a mile
distance. At the same time the wind commenced blowing a fearful
consternation throughout the entire fort.<br />
<div align="center" class="separator" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.inhs.uiuc.edu/~kenr/prairiephotos/fire02.jpg" style="float: right;"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"></span></span></a></div>
“The dancing room was immediately vacated. Men, women, and children
rushed from their houses, running with all possible speed to the outside of
the fort, where they could have a full view of the danger which threatened…<br />
“A line was immediately formed including men, women and children extending
from the river to the outside of the fort, with buckets, kettles, and so
forth, by which great quantities of water were thrown on to the haystacks and
sides of the houses most exposed to the flames. Others were using every
exertion within their powers to secure their household effects by carrying
them down to the river, where it was hoped they would be secure. <br />
“During this time, the wind had increased to almost a hurricane, driving
the fire with almost race-horse speed, which came rolling and thundering down
the long slope of hills lying on the west of the fort. Like a powerful
avalanche consuming almost everything that came in its way, the dreaded
crisis at length arrived.<br />
“When the flames had reached to within two or three hundred yards of the
fort, the cattle and horses became panic-stricken and broke out of the yards
and ran in all directions, over wagons, fences, and other things which might
be in their way. Pieces of manure which had become hard through the
effects of the sun caught fire and came rolling with lightning speed through
the corrals and stockyards, setting on fire haystacks, woodpiles, fences and
so forth.<br />
“The scene now became grand, beyond description. The smoke had
become so intensely suffocating as to compel us at times to repair to the
river, which was but a few rods from the east side of the fort, and throw
water in our faces to prevent choking. Mothers could be heard calling
for their children and children for their mothers; while others were on their
knees praying to the Almighty to preserve their lives and that of their
property.<br />
“The efforts of the entire camp was now directed to throwing water on the
houses nearest to the burning haystacks in order if possible to prevent them
from catching fire. The entire night was occupied in this way.
When daylight made its appearance, the fire was so far under control as to
indulge in the hope that the houses were entirely secure from the effects of
this destructive element….Be this as it may, one thing was very evident, we
were minus a great many tons of hay and other kinds of property.” [<u>85</u>]<br />
Holbrook sums up the fire as follows:<br />
“It spread over the prairie as fast as a horse could run. The
brethren undertook to backfire around the camp when the whole prairie in
light presented one sheet of blaze. It soon reached our camp. The
stacks of hay on the back of our house were towards the fire. <br />
“There were some 200 men and women engaged in bringing water from the
river. [Remember, this is at night in December, in what was probably
bitter cold.] A number of stacks of hay took fire and five were burnt.
One good wagon for Brother Bartholomew and a number more badly injured.
About 11 o-clock this evening, we succeeded in stopping the fire. The
loss, some two or three hundred dollars, besides burning up much valuable
feed, for thirty miles to the west and south, and greatly endangering the
whole camp, and was the cause of a number of deaths afterwards from exposure
in our camp. If it had not been for the cabins being built of green
logs, our Fort would have been burnt, and we some 200 miles from the nearest
settlement in the midst of winter without provisions or other necessary
comforts of life. We cannot think but it is a narrow escape from almost
utter destruction….It was a providential escape.”<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn43" name="_ednref43" style="mso-endnote-id: edn43;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[62]</span></td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 14;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 79.45pt;" valign="top" width="106"><div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
1 Jan 1847</div>
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Joseph Holbrook writes an especially thoughtful summary of the preceding
year; we will include it here as it probably echoed the feelings of many of
the Saints at the Ponca camp.<br />
“The past year has been a year of suffering to our Church. Driven
from our pleasant homes and City of Nauvoo;
traveling without friends across the wilderness of Iowa
to the Indian’s country of the Pottawatomi’s. <br />
<br />
'Five hundred of our best men being taken from us to go into the army of
the United States against Mexico, leaving their families on the open prairie
to suffer in a sickly country. To think of our beloved brethren, the
twelve, laboring with all their might to keep the people from despondency and
starvation that they fail not is heart-rending. To think of Pres. Young
and Heber C. Kimball crossing the Missouri River with
their company to the Indian country. Forward, still forward, into the
great wilderness going West. Not knowing when we were to stop for
winter quarters to the Pawnee country <br />
'Our singular move from Pawnee to the Punca country where we now are
situated on the Running Water River (about 3 miles) above its mouth on the
Missouri River; together with all our brethren scattered over a country of
500 miles, in poverty, without friends, with many of the families of those
men that had gone in the Battalion to Mexico on our hands to be taken care of
and <br />
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<a href="http://oocities.com/Heartland/Woods/2074/jholbrok.jpg"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img border="0" src="https://oocities.com/Heartland/Woods/2074/jholbrok.jpg" height="200" width="152"></span></span></a></div>
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Joseph Holbrook, pioneer
chronicler.</div>
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provided for, and them still in faith was miraculous.<br />
<i>'</i>Who cannot but marvel at the patience and long-suffering of the
church as a people. Say it is marvelous in our eyes and the doings of
the Lord are past finding out. He proves his people in the wilderness
and provides for them in his mercies. God be praised forever.” [<u>86</u>]</td>
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January 1847</div>
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Cannon Fired</div>
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Cynthia dies</div>
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Six Sioux in war costume appear to be spying out the fort’s
condition. The Saints had earlier heard rumors from mountaineers that
the Sioux had threatened to massacre the fort because of the Saints’
connection with their enemy, the Ponca. At this point, the lone cannon
the brethren had brought up the river in September earns its keep—the Saints
fire blanks five or six times, much to the terror of the Sioux warriors, who
appear to never have witnessed such a weapon. The Sioux do not bother
the Saints for the rest of their stay.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn44" name="_ednref44" style="mso-endnote-id: edn44;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[63]</span><br />
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<a href="http://image1.findagrave.com/photos250/photos/2011/85/19353195_130125459107.jpg"><span style="text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img border="0" src="https://image1.findagrave.com/photos250/photos/2011/85/19353195_130125459107.jpg" height="233" width="250"></span></span></a></div>
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This monument was erected by the
Knight family near the mouth of the Niobrara and
serves as a memorial for all the Saints who died at the Ponca camp</div>
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. </div>
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Newell’s wife Cynthia dies at 2 AM
on 24<sup>th</sup> of January.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[64]</span> Cause of
death is<br />
not given in the Holbrook journal, but several died during the month of
January of lung problems, possibly pneumonia or complications from the fire.<br />
<br />
The dead included Newel Knight, a stalwart and early friend to
Joseph Smith. Scurvy also caused some of the deaths, making a total of
23 mortalities that winter.<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[65]</span> Cynthia
also may have been in a weakened condition from short rations and/or
complications from her September childbirth. There was room for
bitterness here, toward the Indians who most likely started the lung-damaging
prairie fire in their hunting practices, or toward George Miller and the
leaders who brought them to this out-of-the-way place, but hopefully Newell
did not harbor these feelings. In any case, he did not abandon his
faith, as evidenced by his continuing choices to follow Brigham Young and the
Twelve westward.<br />
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Her death left Newell grieving with two young children, Lucy, age 2, and
Cynthia Remina, age 4 months, who at that age would have needed a wet nurse
or to go through what was probably a difficult transition to cow’s milk or
goat’s milk. It is probable that he relied on his mother, Patience or
his sister Sarah Drake Paine (mother of two surviving children and six
months pregnant<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn47" name="_ednref47" style="mso-endnote-id: edn47;" title=""></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[66]</span>) to help with
childcare—Cynthia’s family was not present at the Ponca camp.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn48" name="_ednref48" style="mso-endnote-id: edn48;" title=""></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[67]</span> Both of
Newell’s girls were probably too young to even remember their mother at all.</td>
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31 Jan 1847</div>
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“Many of our brethren are low in spirits, not knowing what they should do
this coming season.”[<u>87</u>] The livestock were dying, and in early
February several men had resorted to hunting and eating wolves.</td>
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6 Feb 1847</div>
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Apostle Ezra Taft Benson, Lorenzo Snow and Orrin Porter Rockwell arrive at
the fort. Charged with teaching the Saints “The Word and Will of the
Lord”, which later was codified as <a href="https://www.lds.org/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/136?lang=eng">Section
136</a> of the Doctrine and Covenants (the only section given to Brigham
Young), they explained how the pioneers were to be organized and how the
westward movement would occur, also a call to greater righteousness.
The revelation in hindsight seems very sensible, but it still managed to
raise the ire of George Miller who disagreed with certain points, probably
that the Saints would be under the exclusive direction of the Twelve, or
possibly that some would be planting crops and building homes near the Missouri
for a second wave of pioneers to winter at Winter Quarters (he wanted to move
west as quickly as possible), or possibly that they were still going to go
west at all, Texas<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[68]</span> also seeming a
viable option. He had returned from Winter Quarters a few days earlier,
had already heard the revelation, and was probably still harboring some
heated feelings about the whole thing. <br />
<br />
When the messengers returned to Winter Quarters a few days later, they
reorganized the High Council,<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn50" name="_ednref50" style="mso-endnote-id: edn50;" title=""><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[69]</span> essentially relieving
George Miller of his duties. Miller went with them and was soon
disfellowshipped, following another apostate, Lyman Wight, to Texas.</td>
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<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
End of March 1847</div>
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The Camp receives word from the brethren to come on back to the Bluffs,<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">[70]</span> echoing advice
that Ezra T. Benson had already given them. Besides the deaths that had
already occurred and the lack of supplies, frankly, it was just too
dangerous for one settlement to be so far from the main body of Saints,
particularly on the south border of the warring Sioux, where any offense
might bring down wrath upon the entire body of Mormon settlements.<span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><b>[</b></span><span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";">71]</span>
Miraculously, no major mishaps of this variety occurred.</td>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
April 10</div>
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The Saints at the Ponca camp leave for Winter Quarters. They leave
their fort with cabins, outbuildings, etc., in tact, supposing that the
Poncas might have use for them, but that night at camp three miles away they
saw the flames of its destruction. The blaze was attributed to Sioux
warriors, quick to destroy any asset given to their enemy the Ponca.[<u>90</u>]
Subsequently, the exact site of the fort remains undetermined;[<u>91</u>]
hopefully in years to come additional archaeological effort will bring it to
light.<br />
<br />
By mid-late April the main body of Ponca Saints reached the vicinity of Council
Bluffs, where they dispersed among the many camps,
including one on the Nebraska
side which they <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">also</i> named the
Ponca camp<span style="font-family: "\22 times new roman\22 ";"><b>[</b>72]</span> Their
journey south was not along the river (also, nowhere does it say they went by
boat, which would have been difficult with all the livestock, etc.) had them
nearly out of food. Joseph Holbrook, having gone ahead to do some
trading, met the group along the way back. “Found my family all well,
almost out of bread stuff of every description, and so was the camp in
general. We were hailed with joy because we had some cornmeal for
them….yet in all our tribulations, we felt joyful.”[<u>88</u>] No doubt
many of them were relieved to be united with the majority and also to have
survived such a precarious winter.</td>
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</b><br />
<br />
<b>Westward and Onward</b><br />
<br />
At this point, for some reason, Newell parts company with
his parents and brothers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Daniel Sr., Patience,
Horace and Orson had an enjoyable journey<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn73" name="_ednref73" style="mso-endnote-id: edn73;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[73]</span></span></span></span></a>
across the plains with the Daniel Spencer Company, arriving in September of
1847, just two months after Brigham Young had declared the Salt
Lake Valley
“the right place”.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Money does not seem to be a determining factor--both Newell
and his father Daniel traveled with multiple wagons.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn74" name="_ednref74" style="mso-endnote-id: edn74;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[74]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Might the delay have been a simple case of
family situation?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This doesn’t seem to
be a strong enough case for delay, though, as little Cynthia would have been
several months old when her grandparents and uncles departed.
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
.</div>
Also staying behind was Newell’s sister Sarah Drake Paine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She had delivered a son in April of the 1847,
about the same time her parents and brothers would have been leaving. (The
genealogy indicates the baby was born back in La Harpe<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn75" name="_ednref75" style="mso-endnote-id: edn75;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[75]</span></span></span></span></a>,
but this is very unlikely because Sarah’s obituary says she crossed into Iowa
at the expulsion of Nauvoo in 1846.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn76" name="_ednref76" style="mso-endnote-id: edn76;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[76]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">) </span>Whether or not Sarah’s baby was the reason
for these two siblings to wait and then travel together a year after their
parents is not known, but in any case, Newell and his brother-in-law William
Grant Paine are recorded as traveling together on The Trail by 1848.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn77" name="_ednref77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[77] </span></span></span></span></a><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal">
The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">most</i> likely
scenario for delay is that Newell was obeying the prophet. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Word and Will of the Lord had specified that
some of the families were to stay behind along the Missouri
to raise crops and prepare for more of the Saints to take refuge there the
following year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Likely Newell was chosen
out from his parents and brothers to stay and help.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would be helpful to access any records from
this fairly chaotic period in church history to see if we could find out what really
transpired.</div>
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Somewhat surprisingly, Newell did not bring his toddler Cynthia Remina with him on the journey to Utah a year later in 1848, only his older daughter Lucy. He must have been overwhelmed without a wife, and this arrangement was probably much for baby Cynthia's own good and safety. The separation was long; Cynthia did not come to Utah until 1856, with her Johnson grandfather and 13 year old aunt Sarah Johnson, when she was 9 years old.[92] She did rejoin the her father, sister Lucy, new stepmother and several new siblings, showing as present in Newell's household for the 1860 Federal Census.[93] Counting Cynthia and Lucy, Newell eventually became the father of 14 children.[97]<br />
<br />
Newell's journey across the plains to Utah and his subsequent settling in Weber Co. belongs to another chapter. (For a well-put-together source on Newell's life in Ogden, including another fort he helped to build, please visit <a href="http://www.binghamsfort.org./">www.binghamsfort.org.</a>) There is one incident I would like to mention to contrast with his Ponca winter. Newell was part of the Brigham Young company of 1848, along with his sister Sarah and brother-in-law William Grant Paine.[94] At one point in the journey, the very crowded company was moving very laboriously. Another Captain Miller, Daniel Miller, Capt.of Fifty, convinced a small group of wagons to buck Brigham Young's stay-together orders and venture out ahead of the rest of the company. They hoped for streamlined travel and better grazing, despite heated protests from the other captains, including the argument that Miller would be absconding with a much-needed blacksmith and that "the rase is not to the Swift".[95]<br />
<br />
That evening Miller's ten, including Newell and William Grant Paine, simply didn't stop when everyone else wanted to stop, and they arrived in Utah a few days ahead of the group. Despite this need-for-speed rebellion, Miller and his men were so kind as to send back their rested teams to help the main body, and <i>mercifully</i>, Brigham Young remained on good terms with several in the group for the rest of his life, even calling Captain Miller to bring another company of Saints a few years later.[96] It is surprising that Newell would take such a risk after all the friction with leadership he had witnessed at the Ponca camp--how quickly we forget! This isolated rebellion is the reason why on some records Newell is listed in the Brigham Young company, and others, in the Daniel Miller company.</div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn77" name="_ednref77" style="mso-endnote-id: edn77;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></span></span></span></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Choosing to Follow</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
To truly appreciate Newell’s pioneer legacy, it’s
interesting to point out alternative choices he <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">could</i> have made that would have completely changed the direction of
this family’s history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And he could have
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">easily</i> chosen differently.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wasn’t exactly surrounded by apostasy, but
he was certainly, literally, rubbing elbows with it, as we have seen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I don’t know what exactly kept him on course,
but I am sure he was influenced by the Spirit, by his loyalty to his parents
and siblings who forged on ahead, possibly by hard experience, and also by
Erastus Bingham and others who were righteous and courageous in the face of
controversy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let's review some of the odds against him.</div>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">In
1847 Newell had only been a member of the church for six years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">As far
as I can tell, he did <i>not</i> receive what would have been a spiritually
fortifying endowment at the frantically constructed Nauvoo
Temple.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn78" name="_ednref78" style="mso-endnote-id: edn78;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[78]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">He had
an elder sister who never did join the church, who probably missed her family and may have welcomed him.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">He had
grandparents and cousins back east who also probably would have made a place
for him.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Another
interesting possible detour for Newell could have been his in-laws.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cynthia’s father did eventually come to Utah
years later<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn79" name="_ednref79" style="mso-endnote-id: edn79;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[79]</span></span></span></span></a> bringing Newell’s little daughter Cynthia, but
died in California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I don’t know why he went to California—it
could have been for an honorable reason—but it also could have been a
falling-out.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Likewise, not wanting
to color this the wrong way since there is so little evidence of the-rest-of-the-story, but Cynthia’s mother
and several other members of her family did not come to Utah
<i>at all,</i> even though they were members of the church.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They turned their wagons south to Texas
and there they died.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_edn80" name="_ednref80" style="mso-endnote-id: edn80;" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;">[80]</span></span></span></span></a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although I know absolutely nothing of
their particular circumstances, Texas
is where at least one apostate group of Saints went to settle, including George Miller.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Newell and his brother-in-law strayed a bit from the company rules, indirectly defying Brigham Young themselves for a short time. Once your toes are wet... </li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Being a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints was <i>difficult</i>. It took huge sacrifice, hard work, courage and grit to brave the mobs, start over again and again, follow direction even through disagreement or discouragement, suffer physical hardships and even death. Newell could have given up at any time. Instead, he endured.</li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal">
After Newell had been in Utah for more than ten years, he received a patriarchal blessing by John Smith, church patriarch. The blessing, surprisingly, tells him to look to the future. It mentions that he has been through much change and many trials and would
receive his reward. Also to recognize the Lord's hand because his life had been spared many times for a wise purpose.
It encourages him to work hard and seek wisdom with his remaining years.
Also that "the angel of His presence shall watch over thee, and give thee counsel in time of need, and make thee equal unto every test, and thy posterity shall be numerous and hear thy name in honorable remembrance." Newell died
ten years later in 1879.[98]<br />
<div>
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<a name='more'></a><span style="font-size: large;">Source List</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Bennett, Richard E. <i>Mormons at the Missouri: Winter Quarters, 1846-1852.</i> Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987.<br />
<br />
Berrett, LaMar C., editor. <i>Sacred Places: A Comprehensive Guide to Early LDS Historical Sites</i>. 6 Volumes. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1999-2007. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<h1 class="booktitle">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i><span class="fn"><span dir="ltr">Biographical Record of Salt Lake City and Vicinity</span></span>: <span class="subtitle"><span dir="ltr">Containing Biographies of Well Known Citizens of the Past and Present</span></span></i><span class="ebook-msg"> <span dir="ltr">(Google eBook). Salt Lake City: National Historical Record Company, 1902.</span></span></span></span></h1>
Cannon, Donald Q. "Spokes on the Wheel: Early Latter-day Saint Settlements in Hancock County, Illinois". <i>Ensign</i>. February, 1986. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints,<i> lds.org</i>. https://www.lds.org/ensign/1986/02/spokes-on-the-wheel-early-latter-day-saint-settlements-in-hancock-county-illinois?lang=eng : 2014.<br />
<br />
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.<i> The Doctrine and Covenants of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints</i>. Salt Lake City, Utah. <br />
<br />
<br />
_________. "FamilyTree," database. <i>FamilySearch</i>. http://www.familysearch.org : 2014.<br />
<i> </i><br />
<br />
_________. "Joseph Smith Papers," database. <i>The Church Historian's Press</i>. http://www.josephsmithpapers.org: 2014.<br />
<br />
Cragun, Larry, contributor. <i>"Erastus Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer". </i>Digital copy. <a href="https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/588374">https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/588374</a> : 2014.<br />
<br />
Hartley, William G. "The Pioneer Trek: Nauvoo to Winter Quarters". <i>Ensign</i>. June,1997. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, lds.org. <a href="https://www.lds.org/ensign/1997/06/the-pioneer-trek-nauvoo-to-winter-quarters?lang=eng">https://www.lds.org/ensign/1997/06/the-pioneer-trek-nauvoo-to-winter-quarters?lang=eng</a> : 2014.<br />
<br />
________. <i>Stand By My Servant Joseph: The Story of the Joseph Knight Family and the Restoration</i>. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2003.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span dir="ltr">Johnson, Pamela Call. <i>Joseph Holbrook, Mormon Pioneer, a Journal: With commentary on the winter he spent with the Ponca Indians</i> (Google eBook). AuthorHouse, 2013.</span><br />
<br />
<span dir="ltr">K</span>imball, Stanley B. "Historic Resource Study."<i> Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail. </i>http://www.Mormon Trails.org. : 2014.<br />
<br />
"Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel". Database. http://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/ : 2014.<br />
<br />
Ohio. Trumbull County. 1830 U.S. census, population schedule. Digital images. <i>FamilySearch.org</i>. http://www.familysearch.org : 2014.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
"Sketch of David Arnold Miller". <span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Digital copy</span>. <a href="http://www.judyharper.info/geneology/Sketch%20of%20Daniel%20Arnold%20Miller.pdf"> http://www.judyharper.info/geneology/Sketch%20of%20Daniel%20Arnold%20Miller.pdf</a> : <span style="font-size: small;">2014.</span></span></span><br />
<br />
<i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23 August 1892. <i>Utah Digital Newspapers</i>. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">http://digitalnewspapers.org : 2014.</span></span><br />
<br />
Utah Territory. Weber County<i>. </i>1860 U.S. census, population schedule. Digital images. <i>Ancestry.com</i>. http://www.ancestry.com : 2014.<i> </i></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span class="MsoEndnoteReference" style="font-size: small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">"Vermont, Vital Records, 1760-1954," index and images, <i>FamilySearch</i>. https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/XFV7-B87 : 2014.</span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="mso-element: endnote-list;">
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<div id="edn1" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref1" name="_edn1" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[1]</span></span></span></a> This
Daniel Newell Drake is referred to several times throughout primary documents
as “Newell”, so he probably went by his middle name. We will do the same, here, especially to
differentiate between his father and his son and grandson, named Daniel
Newell Drake, or simply Daniel Drake in the case of his father.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn2">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref2" name="_edn2" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[2]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">"Joined
the Majority," Sarah D. Paine obituary, <i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23
August 1892, Tuesday morning, p. 8; online image, Utah Digital
Newspapers(http://digitalnewspapers.org : accessed 24 July 2014),
Ogden Standard (1879-1927) collection. </span>Also, the family is in residence there in Trumbull for the 1830 Federal
Census.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn3">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref3" name="_edn3" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[3]</span></span></span></a><span style="font-weight: normal;"><i><span class="fn"><span dir="ltr"> Biographical Record of Salt Lake City and Vicinity</span></span>: <span class="subtitle"><span dir="ltr">Containing Biographies of Well Known Citizens of the Past and Present</span></span></i><span class="ebook-msg"> <span dir="ltr">(Google eBook, Salt Lake City: National Historical Record company, 1902), 115, "Horace Drake."</span></span></span> Horace claims the family moved to Illinois
when he was around 8 years old, putting them there around 1834. Sarah Drake Paine obituary says 1835.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn4">
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref4" name="_edn4" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[4]</span></span></span></a> The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints [LDS], "FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch</i> (http://www.familysearch.org : 25 July 2014), Sally Drake profile (L7L1-SYP). Sally died in Trumbull County.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn5">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref5" name="_edn5" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[5]</span></span></span></a>
LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span>Diantha Drake profile (LHW8-1QT). </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn6">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref6" name="_edn6" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[6]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">"Joined
the Majority," Sarah D. Paine obituary, <i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23
August 1892.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn7">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref7" name="_edn7" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[7]</span></span></span></a> LaMar C. Berrett, editor, <span class="title">Sacred Places<i>: A Comprehensive Guide to Early
LDS Historical Sites</i>.</span> 6 vols. Salt Lake City:
Deseret Book, 1999–2007. 3-201. As found at www.josephsmithpapers.org/place?name=La+Harpe,+Illinois</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn8">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref8" name="_edn8" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[8] </span></span></span></a></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref8" name="_edn8" title=""></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">"Vermont, Vital Records, 1760-1954," index and images, <i>FamilySearch</i>
(https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/XFV7-B87 : accessed 26 Jul
2014), Daniel Drake and Patience Taft, 02 Dec 1813, Marriage; citing
State Capitol Building, Montpelier; FHL microfilm 0027534.</span></span></span> </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn9">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref9" name="_edn9" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[9]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">"Joined
the Majority," Sarah D. Paine obituary, <i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23
August 1892.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn10">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[10] Larry Cragun, contr., "Erastus Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer," . (Digital copy at https://familysearch.org/photos/stories/588374 : accessed 25 July 2014).</span></span></span> </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn11">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref11" name="_edn11" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[11]</span></span></span></a>Donald Q. Cannon, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Spokes on the Wheel: Early Latter-day Saint Settlements in Hancock County, Illinois". <i>Ensign</i>. February, 1986, (</span><span style="font-size: x-small;">https://www.lds.org/ensign/1986/02/spokes-on-the-wheel-early-latter-day-saint-settlements-in-hancock-county-illinois?lang=eng : accessed 25 July 2014.)</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn12">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref12" name="_edn12" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[12]</span></span></span></a> Ibid.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn13">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref13" name="_edn13" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[13]</span></span></span></a> Cragun, "Erastus Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn14">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref14" name="_edn14" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[14]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">
LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch,</i></span></span> Patience Perkins profile (KWJB-66C).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn15">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref15" name="_edn15" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[15]</span></span></span></a>
</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">
LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span>Daniel Newell Drake (KWVQ-9CW) and Cynthia Parker Johnson (K2JX-VHQ).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn16">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref16" name="_edn16" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[16]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch,</i></span></span> Lucy Drake (2WCM-SFM).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn17" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref17" name="_edn17" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[17]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">
LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span>Daniel Newell Drake (KWVQ-9CW). </span>Church
records show that Newell was endowed at the Endowment House in Salt
Lake in 1856.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn18" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref18" name="_edn18" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[18]</span></span></span></a> Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn19">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref19" name="_edn19" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[19]</span></span></span></a> Cannon, "Spokes
on the Wheel".</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn20">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[20]</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></span></span></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref20" name="_edn20" title=""> </a> </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn21">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref21" name="_edn21" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[21]</span></span></span></a> Daniel Newell Drake, Horace Drake, Orson Drake, "Daniel Spencer company", Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel database, (<a href="https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/companyPioneers?lang=eng&companyId=285">https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/companyPioneers?lang=eng&companyId=285</a> : accessed 25 July 2014).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn22">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref22" name="_edn22" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[22]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">"Joined
the Majority," Sarah D. Paine obituary, <i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23
August 1892.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn23">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref23" name="_edn23" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[23]</span></span></span></a> <i>Biographical Record of Salt Lake City and Vicinity,</i> "Horace Drake."</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn24">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref24" name="_edn24" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[24]</span></span></span></a> William G. Hartley, "The Pioneer Trek: Nauvoo to Winter Quarters", <i>Ensig</i>n, June 1997. (<a href="https://www.lds.org/ensign/1997/06/the-pioneer-trek-nauvoo-to-winter-quarters?lang=eng">https://www.lds.org/ensign/1997/06/the-pioneer-trek-nauvoo-to-winter-quarters?lang=eng : accessed 25 July 2014</a>).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn25">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref25" name="_edn25" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[25]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">LaMar C. Berrett, editor, <span class="title">Sacred Places<i>: A Comprehensive Guide to Early
LDS Historical Sites</i>,</span> 6 vols., (Salt Lake City:
Deseret Book, 1999–2007), 5-</span>245.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn26">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref26" name="_edn26" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[26]</span></span></span></a></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref26" name="_edn26" title=""></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i> <span style="color: black;">Biographical Record of Salt Lake City and Vicinity,</span></i><span style="color: black;"> "Horace Drake."</span></span></span></span></span> </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn27">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref27" name="_edn27" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[27]</span></span></span></a> Pamela Call Johnson, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span dir="ltr"><i>Joseph Holbrook, Mormon Pioneer, a Journal: With commentary on the winter he spent with the Ponca Indians</i></span>, (Google eBook, AuthorHouse, 2013), 199, account of Lorenzo Hill Hatch.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn28">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref28" name="_edn28" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[28]</span></span></span></a> Berrett, <i>Sacred Places</i>, 5: 245.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn29">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref29" name="_edn29" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[29]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">"Joined
the Majority," Sarah D. Paine obituary, <i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23
August 1892.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn30">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref30" name="_edn30" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[30]</span></span></span></a> Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn31">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref31" name="_edn31" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[31]</span></span></span></a> Berrett, <i>Sacred Places</i>, 5: 246.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn32">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref32" name="_edn32" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[32]</span></span></span></a>
Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>, 198, account of Enoch Burns.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn33">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref33" name="_edn33" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[33]</span></span></span></a> Johnson, <i>Joseph
Holbrook</i>, 102.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn34">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref34" name="_edn34" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[34]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn35">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref35" name="_edn35" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[35]</span></span></span></a> Johnson, <i>Joseph
Holbrook,</i> 103.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn36">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref36" name="_edn36" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[36]</span></span></span></a> Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham: Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn37">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn38">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref38" name="_edn38" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[38]</span></span></span></a> Johnson, <i>Joseph
Holbrook</i>, 103.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn39">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref39" name="_edn39" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[39] </span></span></span></a></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref39" name="_edn39" title=""></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></span></span></span> </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn40" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref40" name="_edn40" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[40]</span></span></span></a> Ibid.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn41" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref41" name="_edn41" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[41]</span></span></span></a> Berrett, <i>Sacred Places</i>, 5: 246.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn42">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref42" name="_edn42" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[42]</span></span></span></a> Richard E. Bennett, <i>Mormons
at the Missouri: Winter Quarters, 1846-1852</i>, (Normon, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987), 87.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn43">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref43" name="_edn43" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[43]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Cragun, "Erastus
Bingham, Grandfather and Pioneer".</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn44">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref44" name="_edn44" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[44]</span></span></span></a> Johnson, <i>Joseph
Holbrook</i>, 104.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn45">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref45" name="_edn45" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[45]</span></span></span></a> William G. Hartley, <i>Stand By My Servant Joseph: The Story of the Joseph Knight family and the Restoration</i>, (Salt Lake City, Deseret Book, 2003), 417. </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn46">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref46" name="_edn46" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[46]</span></span></span></a> Johnson, <i>Joseph
Holbrook,</i> 105.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn47">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref47" name="_edn47" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[47]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 107.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn48">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref48" name="_edn48" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[48]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 108.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn49">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn50">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref50" name="_edn50" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[50]</span></span></span></a> Berrett, <i>Sacred Places</i>, 5: 246.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn51">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref51" name="_edn51" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[51]</span></span></span></a> Stanley B. Kimball, "Historic Resource Study," <i>Mormon Pioneer National Historic Trail</i>, (http://www.mormontrails.org : accessed 25 July 2014). </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn52">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref52" name="_edn52" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[52]</span></span></span></a> Bennett, Mormons at the Missouri, 88. Quoting the Brigham Young papers, letter to George Miller, Sept. 1846.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn53">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref53" name="_edn53" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[53]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch,</i></span></span></span></span> Cynthia Remina Drake (KWJX-STC).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn54">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref54" name="_edn54" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[54]</span></span></span></a> Johnson, <i>Joseph
Holbrook</i>, 108.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn55">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref55" name="_edn55" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[55]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 192-193.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn56">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref56" name="_edn56" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[56]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 109.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn57">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref57" name="_edn57" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[57]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 199, Lorenzo Hill Hatch account. Leman Bronson also mentions the ignored
letter.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn58">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref58" name="_edn58" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[58]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>,</span> 110.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn59">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref59" name="_edn59" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[59]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 185.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn60">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref60" name="_edn60" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[60]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 199, Lorenzo Hill Hatch account.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn61" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref61" name="_edn61" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[61]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>,</span> 202, David Lewis account.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn62" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref62" name="_edn62" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[62]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 124.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn63">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref63" name="_edn63" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[63]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 201, Wilmer Bronson account.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn64">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref64" name="_edn64" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[64]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>,</span> 128.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn65">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref65" name="_edn65" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[65]</span></span></span></a> Berrett, <i>Sacred
Places</i>, 5: 247.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn66">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref66" name="_edn66" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[66]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span></span></span>Sarah
Drake (KWV3-W9K).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn67">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref67" name="_edn67" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[67]</span></span></span></a>
Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>, 212.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn68">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref68" name="_edn68" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[68]</span></span></span></a>
Ibid., 202, account of David Lewis.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn69">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref69" name="_edn69" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[69]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>,</span> 128.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn70">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref70" name="_edn70" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[70]</span></span></span></a> Ibid., 132.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn71">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref71" name="_edn71" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[71]</span></span></span></a> Bennett, <i>Mormons at the Missouri</i>. </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn72">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref72" name="_edn72" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[72]</span></span></span></a>
Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>, 188.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn73">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref73" name="_edn73" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[73]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>Biographical Record of Salt Lake City and Vicinity,</i> "Horace Drake."</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn74">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref74" name="_edn74" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[74]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Lee, John D., <i>A Mormon Chronicle: The Diaries of John D. Lee, 1848-1876</i>, ed. Robert Glass Cleland and Juanita Brooks, 2 vols. [1955], 1:30-79. (Digital copy at <a href="https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/trailExcerptMulti?lang=eng&pioneerId=1987&sourceId=4581">https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/trailExcerptMulti?lang=eng&pioneerId=1987&sourceId=4581</a> : accessed 25 July 2014.)</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn75">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref75" name="_edn75" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[75]</span></span></span></a>
</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span></span></span>William Moroni Paine (K6WQ-ZPY).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn76">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref76" name="_edn76" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[76]</span></span></span></a> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="sectionText wrappableDiv" id="citationfs-ft-ctpsr-MM6D-YPM">"Joined
the Majority," Sarah D. Paine obituary, <i>The Standard</i> (Ogden, Utah), 23
August 1892.</span></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn77">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref77" name="_edn77" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[77]</span></span></span></a> Lee, <i>A Mormon Chronicle: The Diaries of John D. Lee, 1848-1876.</i></span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn78">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref78" name="_edn78" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[78]</span></span></span></a></span><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref78" name="_edn78" title=""></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span>Daniel Newell Drake (KWVQ-9CW).</span></span></span></span></span></span> </div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn79">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref79" name="_edn79" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[79]</span></span></span></a>
Eber Johnson, "Jacob Croft company," Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel database, (<a href="http://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/pioneerDetail?lang=eng&pioneerId=19459">http://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/pioneerDetail?lang=eng&pioneerId=19459</a> : accessed 25 July 2014).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn80">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref80" name="_edn80" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[80]</span></span></span></a>
</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Cynthia Parker Johnson (K2JX-VHQ)</span></span></span>. See the deathplaces of Cynthia's mother and siblings.</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn81">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref81" name="_edn81" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[81]</span></span></span></a> The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, "Joseph Smith Papers," database, <i>The Church Historian's Press</i>, entry for George Miller. <a href="https://www.blogger.com/(http://josephsmithpapers.org/person?name=George+Miller">(http://josephsmithpapers.org/person?name=George+Miller</a> : accessed 25 July 2014).</span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn82">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref82" name="_edn82" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[82]</span></span></span></a> Ibid. </span></div>
</div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div id="edn83" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></div>
</div>
<div id="edn84" style="mso-element: endnote;">
<div class="MsoEndnoteText">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4192388303431056840#_ednref84" name="_edn84" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";">[84]</span></span></span></a> History of John Lowe Butler <a href="http://butlerthurbersmith.com/MyBestForTheKingdom.pdf">My Best for the Kingdom</a>, p. 254</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[<u>85</u>] Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>, 199-201, account of Wilmer Bronson. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[86] Johnson, <i>Joseph Holbrook</i>, 124-125.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[87] Ibid., 127-128.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[88] Ibid., 136.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[89] Bennett, <i>Mormons at the Missouri</i>, 154.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[90] Berrett, <i>Sacred Places</i>, 5: 247. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[91] Ibid., 5:248.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[92] Cynthia Remina Drake, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">"Jacob Croft company," </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel database, (<a href="http://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/companyPioneers?lang=eng&companyId=95">http://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/companyPioneers?lang=eng&companyId=95</a> : accessed 25 July 2014). </span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[93] "1860 United States Census," database, <i>Ancestry.com</i> (http://www.ancestry.com : accessed 25 July 2014), entry for Almina (Remina) Drake (age 13), p. 116, Ogden, Utah Territory; citing "Family History Library Film 805313."</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[94] Daniel Newell Drake, "Brigham Young company," Mormon Pioneer Overland Travel database, <a href="https://www.blogger.com/(https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/pioneerDetail?lang=eng&pioneerId=1987">(https://history.lds.org/overlandtravels/pioneerDetail?lang=eng&pioneerId=1987</a> : accessed 25 July 2014.)</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">[95] Lee, <i>A Mormon Chronicle: The Diaries of John D. Lee, 1848-1876.</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[96] "Sketch of Daniel Arnold Miller," (Digital copy at<a href="http://www.judyharper.info/geneology/Sketch%20of%20Daniel%20Arnold%20Miller.pdf"> http://www.judyharper.info/geneology/Sketch%20of%20Daniel%20Arnold%20Miller.pdf</a> : accessed 25 July 2014.)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[97] </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">
</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">
LDS, </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">"FamilyTree," database, <i>FamilySearch, </i></span></span>Daniel Newell Drake (KWVQ-9CW).</span></span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">[98] Ibid. </span></span><br />
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heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-63258418781864392682014-04-21T14:59:00.000-07:002014-04-29T11:30:40.708-07:00Two Silver Pistols and a Blacksnake Whip: Daniel Newell Drake, Part one<span style="font-size: small;">There's a bit of glamour that attaches itself forever to a lawman.</span><b> </b><br />
<br />
I don't know that my great-great-grandpa, Daniel Newell Drake (1853-1931) would have considered himself a romantic figure, but he really was! He was an iconic Westerner, right in the thick of history. He was a farmer. A miner. A Mormon (who chewed tobacco). A politician. A pretty fair singer. A bodyguard. A ditch-rider. Son of pioneers. A cannery field man. Railroad builder. Would be Indian-fighter. A horseman. Rock-hauler. Road supervisor. Father of 12 children. Carried peppermints. Played the harmonica. He always put on his hat first thing, and it was the last thing he took off at night.<br />
<br />
He was one tough hombre.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-234-35658-37-98/thumb200s.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-234-35658-37-98/thumb200s.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Daniel Newell Drake (1853-1931)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Because writing about Grandpa Drake is so fun, and also because I'd like to do a little more research, I'm going to split this story into two parts, his private and then his public life. Here is my connection. Me, Dad, Jack Drake Haynes, Pearl Drake Haynes, Daniel Newell Drake.<br />
<br />
First of all, I'm a little hazy on how to refer to him. His Dad was also named Daniel Newell Drake. His Grandfather was Daniel Newell Drake also, and from the pioneer accounts, it sounds as if at least one of these fellas went by "Newell", not sure which one, probably his Dad as he shows up as "Newell" in the 1860 census. He also had a son Daniel Newell Drake, (brother to my Gr. Grandma Pearl) but on FamilySearch, this one is referred to as "the third" instead of the fourth, (by my calculations). In the newspapers sometimes this son is referred to as Daniel Drake, Jr., as is his father. So, since he is the first Drake patriarch of <i>my</i> line, for the purpose of this article I'm just going to call him Daniel, Grandpa Drake, or even Sheriff Drake, which is a little more fun and will not leave any room for confusion. Where were we?<br />
<br />
He was one tough hombre.<br />
And he was definitely not alone. Grandpa Drake was the eldest son, 2nd of his<i> </i>mother Hannah's 12 children, his father also had two daughters by first wife, Cynthia. (Cynthia died before crossing the plains, near Winter Quarters, Nebraska. Hannah married Daniel's father two years later--it was not a polygamous marriage.) Daniel's parents divorced in 1875 after about 25 years of marriage. His mother Hannah took the younger boys to Oregon. His father remained in Ogden, eventually coming under the care of his household until he died four years later in 1879. Some of Daniel's brothers remained in the Ogden area, inheriting the Drake homestead together, but Daniel eventually bought out their portion as they didn't want to farm. It's unclear how advanced of an education he would have had, probably a normal amount for someone of his time and station before he settled down.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/EndowmentHouse3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/EndowmentHouse3.jpg" height="216" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;">
"The Endowment House was used primarily for performing </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
temple ordinances. From 1857 to 1876 the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baptismal_font" title="Baptismal font">baptismal font</a> was</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
used to perform 134,053 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baptism_for_the_dead" title="Baptism for the dead">baptisms for the dead</a>. Between 1855</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
and 1884 54,170 persons received their <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washing_and_anointing" title="Washing and anointing">washings and anointings</a> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endowment_%28Mormonism%29" title="Endowment (Mormonism)">endowments</a>. Between 1855 and 1889 68,767 couples were</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sealing_%28Latter_Day_Saints%29" title="Sealing (Latter Day Saints)">sealed</a> in marriage—31,052 for the living and 37,715 for the dead.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Mormons did not consider the Endowment House a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_%28LDS_Church%29" title="Temple (LDS Church)">temple</a>, </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
so they did not perform all temple ordinances in it. Brigham </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Young
explained, “We can, at the present time [1874], go</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
into the Endowment
House and be baptized for our dead,</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
receive our washings and anointings,
etc. ... We also have the</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
privilege of sealing women to men without a
Temple ... </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
but when we come to other sealing ordinances, ordinances</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
pertaining to the holy Priesthood, to connect the chain</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
of the
Priesthood from father Adam until now, by sealing</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
children to their
parents, being sealed for our forefathers,</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
etc., they cannot be done
without a temple”.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endowment_House#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>
Hence,</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
there were no sealing of children nor endowments</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
for the dead
performed in the Endowment House. These</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
ordinances were first
administered in Utah’s first </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
temple, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._George_Utah_Temple" title="St. George Utah Temple">St. George</a>, in 1877. The Endowment House was </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
also used for other purposes, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayer_circle_%28Mormonism%29" title="Prayer circle (Mormonism)">prayer circles</a>, </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setting_apart" title="Setting apart">settings apart</a>, and instructing <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon_missionaries" title="Mormon missionaries">missionaries</a> before their </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
departure, as well as meetings of the various church leaders,</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
such as the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Presidency_%28LDS_Church%29" title="First Presidency (LDS Church)">First Presidency</a> and</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_%28LDS_Church%29" title="Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</a>." from Wikipedia "Endowment</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
House"</div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Daniel Newell Drake married Mary Jane Cheney (who must have been pretty tough, herself, 12 kids again!!) They met and then married in Weber County (FamilySearch says in Hooper, UT) in 1874. Daniel was 21, Mary Jane was 17. The two were sealed in the Salt Lake Endowment House seven years later in 1881. (It appears that their first four boys, born before this, were later sealed to their parents in 1940, see explanation in sidebar.) Their daughter Pearl said, "When my dad and Mother were married they used boxes to sit on. I have the rolling pin that my mother had when she was first married that my Dad had made out of a piece of oak wood. I still have it and use it, it is quite old. [Who has this now?] They were real poor when they first got married. They were both raised in North Ogden and I don't know where they met." <br />
<br />
I don't know if having 12 children kept him tender or made him even tougher, although it probably did both. He had nine sons and 3 daughters. He lost one son, Lawrence, at the age of three in 1883, and two more children in 1888, Lucy age six and William age eleven months. He also outlived his youngest son Ernest Emery, who died at age 18. <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmWk0H8yoUQp5-t6Ib2f_bLXz5OX2F-YHsyidt72pwTvXJBXowPiZW0HXzMkAYLhGyE_k06a98XLQUVDzt0p-lB0l96K0YOO9tBBlUgDGHF2DzadRnP8aYtaSpb3SBkuDZSABkkaQr4JSp/s1600/Pearl+with+names.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmWk0H8yoUQp5-t6Ib2f_bLXz5OX2F-YHsyidt72pwTvXJBXowPiZW0HXzMkAYLhGyE_k06a98XLQUVDzt0p-lB0l96K0YOO9tBBlUgDGHF2DzadRnP8aYtaSpb3SBkuDZSABkkaQr4JSp/s1600/Pearl+with+names.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Here is a picture of most of the Drake family by the time Mary Ann was done having children. Grandpa Drake is in the middle with the great mustache. The labels for Ira and Emery need to be switched. (Thanks to cousin Glenna for the photograph.)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Sheriff Drake's daughter Pearl had plenty to share about her father. He showed his romantic side the first moment he laid eyes on her, naming her "Pearl" because she was "pretty as a pearl!"<br />
Let's let her tell us all about Sheriff Drake as a husband and a father.<br />
<br />
(From "My Parents--Daniel Newel and Mary Jane Cheney Drake" by Pearl Drake Haynes, recorded by Ortell Drake Wilson, Sept. 1982).<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"My Dad never pulled my hair. [I wonder what kind of question elicited that response!] He was kind of rough talking, he'd scare you. One night Ira and I wanted to go up by the old store in Wilson Lane. Mother said, 'yes, you can go,' so we went. We were up there playing with some friends and all at once, here come dad. He had a rope and he tried to lasso us but I out-run him. He caught Ira and tied him around the neck and led him home. I ran home and <br />
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my sis [Rose] was having a boyfriend in the parlor. I ran in there and got behind what they called a folding bed. I stayed in there until about eleven o'clock and my Dad was sitting out in the living room waiting for me. I could see his legs through a crack in the door. He had about four or five big switches lined up against the house. I saw them as I ran in and I though, 'Oh, poor Ira's going to get it' because he caught him but he didn't spank him. He sent Ira to bed and sat there until eleven o'clock and then he said, 'Well, you can come out and go to bed'. He didn't whip me. But my sister would have whipped me pretty good. She tried to get me out from behind that folding bed because she had her boyfriend with her.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"My Dad used to chew tobacco which I didn't like very much but he was clean about it. Mother would make him take the cuspidor out and clean it every day or two. She wouldn't allow him to keep it in the house very long....</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"I remember when he got his patriarchal blessing when the oldest boys were young. One of them, when Mother was out doing chores and father wasn't home, got the scissors and cut his blessing all up. So they went to the church and got a copy. I have a copy of his and Mother's. I remember going to church with my Dad when I was a child. He always went to sacrament meeting and the women sat on one side of the room and the men sat on the other. I'd always go and sit with him because he had peppermints in his pocket. The rest of the children sat with Mother. I think I heard him pray once in church when I was a kid. Mother said he used to go to church real good and never used tobacco but he worked in the mines, the Bingham Mines, and he used tobacco because the coal dust was so bad. Their lungs would fill up and they were told to keep something in their mouths so he used tobacco. That's how he got started using it. </blockquote>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"He was in the hospital before he died and my sister-in-law told me
this. (I hadn't seen my father for three years.) He begged for just a
little piece of tobacco and she wouldn't give it to him. He said, "They
won't even give me a drink of water and I've got to have something to
wet my throat down." She said, "Well, Dad, I'll go out and get you a
tiny rock and you can suck on that." And she did. They took him home
in a day or two. My brother, Lewis, said it took three of them to hold
him down in bed before he died. He was out of his head. They said
before he went to the hospital, they found him down on the canal bank
trying to turn the water in. He was a Ditch-Rider at one time. They
got there just in time or he would have flooded the whole place out. He
had kidney trouble and was 79 years old when he died.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"I was sick a lot. I had ear trouble from three to fourteen, a gathered ear. My dad would sit up nights with me, with my earache. Sometimes he'd heat up a little bit of pinch of tobacco and put it in and I'd keep it warm and that would ease it. He was awful good to help with the children. He'd hold me on his lap and put me in bed with them at the foot of the bed.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"We had a lot of fun. Every summer we went camping. We'd go and stay all night or maybe two or three days up in Ogden Canyon. We had a covered wagon and cooked outside. The boys made a tent over the wagon tongue and Mother and Dad, I , and the two younger boys slept in the wagon. Rose stayed home <br />
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part of the time to tend the house. One particular time we were up Sheep Creek. A big storm came up. It thundered and lightninged and just poured. Mother was so frightened; she had Ira and Emery and I just like this, just a-choking us. My brother, Jack, was with us at that time. The horses got loose and went down the canyon. There we were, stranded with no horses. A man camped up above us said lighting had struck that place twice and when we pulled in there, he worried about us when the storm came up. He took the men down the canyon and caught the horses. It rained so hard, even the older boys had to get in the wagon. Water was running all over the camp. It was awful!</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"My Father loved to fish and he loved horse races. He always had nice horses and saddles. We did a lot of riding. I loved horses from the time I could stick on one. My father taught me how to ride and drive and how to hitch up my own horse. In the mornings we would catch the fish and go fry them. We'd have hotcakes and fish, eggs, and bacon. When we were up in the mountains Dad took me fishing. One day we went out on a big rock in the river. 'Now you sit right still or you'll fall off'. I fell off all right! So, I had to go back to camp so he could catch some more fish for us. He was good to me.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"He used to sing 'Old Dan Tucker'. Every morning when he'd get up, he'd get up with his hat on and come out singing, 'Old Dan Tucker, came too late for his supper. </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
[Check out this audio clip by Jim Smoak, found on Wikipedia, pretty fun to imagine. I'm sure Grandpa Drake loved that his name was also "Dan", haha.] </blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="23" mozallowfullscreen="" src="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jim_Smoak_Dan_Tucker_clip.ogg?embedplayer=yes" webkitallowfullscreen="" width="300"></iframe></blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"I said to Mother, 'Does he always sleep with his hat on?' She said, 'No, he puts it under the bed and that's the first thing he puts on when he gets up.' Oh, dear, such stories. Mother and Dad always loved to read the newspaper around the table at night. She'd be sitting knitting and all at once, they'd break out into a song. They'd sing together. I used to sit and listen, it was beautiful. Dad and Mother could sing "A Poor Wayfaring Man of Grief" straight through, all the verses. Dad loved to sing, just for himself and Mother. We had an old organ but nobody knew how to play it. They got it when I was about ten but I never learned. My Dad played pretty tunes on the mouth organ. He always saw that every boy had a mouth organ for Christmas. My brothers had a band in Wilson Lane, drums. Lewis played the bass drum. Jack and Clarence played the snare drum in a drum corp and they played for different occasions. Some of the boys in the ward played horns and one played a fiddle. I remember Mother telling about that. In fact, I knew about the drum corp because I must have been about eight or nine when they had it. [Daniel's uncle, <a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=c-01AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA115&dq=Daniel+Drake+Utah&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HbRRU-fvDo2vyATJvoL4Ag&ved=0CDYQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Daniel%20Drake%20Utah&f=false">Horace Drake, also a Utah pioneer</a>, made drums and musical instruments, had been a drum major in the Nauvoo legion, and it would be interesting to know if he influenced these boys since he didn't pass away until 1918 in Davis county, Utah.]</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"Dad was never mean to me. He used to put on a big front. My kids were scared to death of him but he would never hurt one of his grandchildren. He loved them all. When Glen and Irene [Pearl's eldest son, and a niece] were little, they would go in the separator room and turn the separator. He'd just yell at them and they'd go out the window. You'd think my Dad was rough but he wasn't.</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"I think we only had seventeen acres when I was a child. My grandfather, as I understand, homesteaded where the sugar factory was. He divided that land with his boys, was the story I got. My Dad and Uncle Nate were the only ones who stayed there, on the Wilson Lane homestead. Uncle Nate got tired of farming so he sold out to my father. My parents raised 12 children at that home. They never moved from Wilson Lane. We raised sugar beets, tomatoes, and had a large orchard. I had to pick lots of apples, prunes, and everything. Watermelons, canteloupes. My Dad pedaled watermelons to Coleville, Utah, you know. <br />
<br />
One Christmas I'll never forget. Dad put our stockings up behind the stove. In the morning, there was coal in the bottoms and a stick of wood in the tops. Of course, we all cried...Santa Claus passed us by. Dad came out singing "Old Dan Tucker" and said, "Santa Claus thought you were too mean. He left a stick to whip you with." So after he got the fire going and all this, he said, "Go on in the parlor and see if he happened to go in there." We went in and heavens! There was a saddle for Charlie and I had a new doll buggy and a doll and I can't remember what Ira got. He had something nice but our santa Claus was all in there. He was quite a joker when he wanted to be but he was stern, when he told you anything to do, you had to go. We'd be working in the field and he would send I and Ira after water. He'd say, 'Now I want you to get that water from the bottom of the well and I don't want it warm when it gets here!' Of course, you know kids. We just poked along. When we got to him, he took a sip and just dumped it all on our heads. 'Go back and get some cold water.'</blockquote>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
"I rode the horse to cultivate and my Dad carried little rocks in his pocket. When he said, 'Gee,', he meant 'Gee' and if you didn't go 'Gee' you got a rock. If he said 'Haw' and that horse didn't go to the left, you got another little rock. I hoed beets, I picked tomatoes, I helped haul lots of peas to the factory. I mixed bread when I had to stand on a stool to do it. I did housework from the time I was a little kid. I was in a play one time and my Dad took the little stool the cookie jar was on. I was to mix bread in the play; I was just a little bit of a thing, and I stood on the stool and made my bread right there on the program, a nice, little roll of bread." </blockquote>
My Grandpa Jack Drake Haynes only saw Grandpa Drake once--in his coffin. Nevertheless, I think he held him in high regard and I suspect that his love of all things John Wayne has a little bit to do with his Grandpa's legacy. He related two of his favorite stories about Grandpa Drake.<br />
<b> </b><br />
First of all, he said that although Grandpa Drake was a lawman, etc., his biggest difficulty was his son Charlie. Charlie would go off to do his chores but instead of coming home when he was finished, he would go into town and hang out at the pool halls and other places he shouldn't have been. Finally, Grandpa Drake had had it. He stripped Charlie naked, put him on the horse, and sent him off to bring in the cows. "He'll come home this time!" My family also has a video of Pearl retelling this story on her 95th birthday, and I can just see the shame and sympathy on her face, "Oh, Dad, he doesn't have any <i>clothes</i>!" (I think she considered it a pretty harsh measure.) Anyway, the plan didn't work. Charlie brought back the cows, snuck into the house, retrieved his clothes, and was off again.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Although there might have been some tough love for his sons, Daniel had a tender place for his daughters. This is Jack's favorite story about his Grandpa Drake, and it has to do with Pearl herself. (She didn't include this particular story in her memoir--I don't know how she felt about it.)<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.handplait.com/images/DCP_0446.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://www.handplait.com/images/DCP_0446.JPG" height="240" title="" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: right;">Blacksnake whip. Typically 6-12 feet in length. Has a heavy<br />
shot load in the handle to facilitate its use as a club. </td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
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There was a one-armed schoolmaster who was rather cruel and beat the kids regularly, including Ira, maybe some of the other Drake boys. One day this teacher beat Pearl--Jack thinks she might have been around 7th grade. Jack says Grandpa Drake was the Weber County Sheriff at the time. Well, when Sheriff Drake heard about this latest beating, he got on his horse and waited out in front of the store because he knew that the teacher always picked up his mail at a certain time. (Let's say noon!) Sure enough, when the teacher came along, Sheriff Drake "tuned him up with his blacksnake whip right there in the street." He declared that the teacher might whip the boys once in a while--they might need it--but if he ever touched his daughter again he'd kill him. "And he never got off his horse!" <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-14709670735814872002013-09-30T17:32:00.001-07:002020-11-18T21:05:28.906-08:00The General in the Orchard: Samuel E. Hartzell I know I promised that I would be posting soon about George Washington. Well, that story is going to be a little work to condense and I will get to it eventually. In the meantime, I stumbled across another account that might surprise you. With another famous General.<br />
<br />
Robert E. Lee.<br />
<br />
The Heagy/Hartzell/Giffin side of the family centers in Adams (formerly York) county Pennsylvania.<br />
County seat: Gettysburg. (In Cumberland township--the blue section on the following map.)<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxDezWr0ZSMhUV2qXox2VCeNcH8XtRdJM0CDoUAI8uavuaWeX_qOhsB3KC_bPp6dPH6AB_GmVlwhSSbNqzKpZYKPHGmLPlLrzwwqIe_L42LukXXv7Y-qpYMqO3pY4ccwlUu23kkV9TGcg6/s1600/AdamsCo,CumberlandTp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxDezWr0ZSMhUV2qXox2VCeNcH8XtRdJM0CDoUAI8uavuaWeX_qOhsB3KC_bPp6dPH6AB_GmVlwhSSbNqzKpZYKPHGmLPlLrzwwqIe_L42LukXXv7Y-qpYMqO3pY4ccwlUu23kkV9TGcg6/s1600/AdamsCo,CumberlandTp.jpg" /></a></div>
Last year I found a lovely 1858 map of Adams County Pennsylvania that labeled the actual homes of landowner ancestors Samuel Hartzell and David Heagy Sr. (Samuel Hartzell and David Heagy Sr. are the fathers of Ann Hartzell and David A. Heagy (Jr.) who married before the war began. David and Ann Hartzell Heagy are the great-grandparents of my grandpa, Ebert Heagy.) They are located northwest and north of town as "S. Hartzell" and "D. Hagey." Well, of course I immediately checked the Gettysburg National Park maps to see how their home locations compared with the battlefield. They don't really match up; the battle being more southwest of town. So, I didn't think much more about it and moved on to other projects.<br />
<br />
However, just recently while researching someone else, I <i>did</i> come across some amazing info on Samuel Hartzell and the two Heagy Davids, records that shed a pretty bright light on this infamous place and time in history and how our family was affected. (The Heagy account will be covered in a companion article someday soon.)<br />
<br />
Note: I'm tickled that this is also my second story for Storyapples that takes place in an apple orchard!<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
This picture shows a replanted apple orchard in 2010 that, according to the blog <a href="http://gettysburgdaily.com/">GettysburgDaily.com</a>, "in July of 1863 was owned by a farmer named Samuel Hartzell." If their claim is true, the orchard did not immediately border Samuel's home (at least, if he stayed in the same home as in 1858). Instead, this orchard is just south of the Chambersburg Pike, one of the main roads into Gettysburg. (on the map, it's to the west of town, just under the dotted line railroad. The orchard would have lain somewhere just south of the Thompson homes, if I'm understanding the story correctly). <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_05_s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_05_s.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This picture, also from GettysburgDaily.com, was taken July 6th--one of the days of the Battle of Gettysburg--so the apple crop would have looked about like this (but the trees were probably more mature).</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
So, what's so interesting about this particular orchard, owned by Samuel Hartzell (age about 49) in 1863? Well, if you were to visit this orchard today (and man, do I wish I could go someday), this is what you would see.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_11_s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_11_s.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Disclaimer: The GettysburgDaily.com article says that this quote by Robert E. Lee may be bogus, but historians are pretty sure that the location is right, anyway. Also, remember, this is and was an apple orchard, not the famous "Peach Orchard" battle site. There were several orchards in the area.</span></td></tr>
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<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_10_s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_10_s.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The brick building in the background is the seminary building belonging to "Seminary Ridge." This picture is facing south.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_07_s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_07_s.jpg" height="337" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">This is the Thompson house just north and of and across the road from the orchard. (The tree in the foreground is part of the orchard). This picture was taken sometime around the battle, July 1863, by famous Civil War photographer Matthew Brady. This house is still standing and serves as a museum/bed and breakfast as "Lee's Headquarters" since Lee purportedly slept and ate here. Notice those knocked down fences? We're getting to that.</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The Battle of Gettysburg was fought the first few days of July 1863. About 165,000 soldiers had converged around this little town, with about 50,000 casualties, the highest number of casualties for a single battle in the war. (Luckily for my family, there was only a single civilian casualty). It was also a major turning point for the Union. The war moved on, and the poor townsfolk were left with the destruction, a really big cemetery, and a visit from Pres. Lincoln. Recovery must have been a huge endeavor. No FEMA to call in 1863!<br />
<br />
Or was there?<br />
<br />
<br />
Not in 1863. And definitely not from the extremely busy Federal Government. But it turns out, in1868,(three years after the war was over and five years after the Battle of Gettysburg) the great State of Pennsylvania began to pass a series of acts designed to recompense civilians who sustained damages to property and goods during the war. In other words, some help came in the form of dollar signs, even if it was slightly delayed.<br />
<br />
Nothing improves people's memory like a promise of some cold hard cash! Claimants could come to court, tell a bit of their story, leave an inventory of damages and their best estimate of how much they thought they should get. They also brought witnesses to sign affadavits, etc. Lucky for us, Ancestry.com has digitized these court records and we can find out what happened to Samuel Hartzell during the Battle of Gettysburg.<br />
<br />
The petition of Samuel Hartzell, declares that he was a resident of Cumberland Township (includes Gettysburg) in 1863 and that "he sustained loss and damage in his property...the amount of damage sustained...which he prays may be allowed to him as follows, viz:" then Samuel gives his statement.<br />
<br />
<i>"That the Rebel Army occupied my farm for two or three days, that during that time they took from me the following property, viz:</i><br />
<i>One wagon & bed worth $70</i><br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/DalgarvenBeeSkep.jpg" height="200" width="147" /></a></i></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>A Skep of Bees</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i>13 Sheep " 45.50</i><br />
<i>3 Heiffers " 54</i><br />
<i>1 Scap of Bees " 10 [a "skep" of bees is a traditional straw beehive, as pictured.]</i><br />
<i>3 Hogs " 24</i><br />
<i>2 Scythes & Cradles " 8</i><br />
<i>3 Tern(?) of Hay " 30</i><br />
<i>4 Sett Horse Gears " 30</i><br />
<i>Corn & Oats in Barn " 14</i><br />
<i>829 Rails " 66.32</i><br />
<i>2 Colts 16 months old " 100</i><br />
<i>35 Acres grass destroyed " 150</i><br />
<i>2 Shovels and Mattock " 3.24 </i><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cutter_mattock.jpg/220px-Cutter_mattock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cutter_mattock.jpg/220px-Cutter_mattock.jpg" height="200" width="149" /></a></i></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Mattock</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<i>also his meadows and fields were damaged to the amount of $25.00</i><br />
<br />
Samuel was awarded $605.10, not quite the full $630 because the court ruled "The damage to meadows and fields as claimed ...is disallowed." <br />
<br />
I wish that Samuel would have told a little more of what he was doing on those days, but he did have two witnesses give depositions to support his claim, and from there the picture becomes a little livelier. One witness was next door neighbor David Schriver. Mr. Schriver is on our map, so I am sure that Samuel was in fact living in the same house in 1863 as in 1858. Mr. Schriver stated to the court that: "<i>he lives on the adjoining farm to Samuel Hartzell, that about the beginning of July part of the rebel Army occupied the farm of Samuel Hartzell. I was acquainted with the property mentioned in the appraisement and know that it was on the farm before the Rebels came and that it was not there after they left. I saw the Rebels on his farm and know that his Rails were destroyed & the grass of his meadows destroyed. I saw them burn the Rails. I put out the fire near the Barn, and that the appraisement made of the property destroyed & taken is not too much.</i>"<br />
<i>22 Oct 1868</i><br />
<i>David Schriver</i><br />
<br />
I thought the "is not too much" was kind of a thoughtful phrase. I also wondered about the money for the fences. Did the fence belong solely to Samuel? Or would he have split the cost with his neighbors? Apparently not. I would assume that the rails were burned for firewood, but the fact that the neighbor had to put out a fire near the barn makes me wonder if the soldiers were just being destructive. Did you notice those rails removed and scattered on the ground in the picture of the stone house? Those would have been across the road from his orchard, but I'm assuming the soldiers did the same thing to his property. Here is another picture by Matthew Brady of that same property. This time, taken from deeper inside Samuel's orchard. Notice, these were probably some of the missing rails that he counted in his inventory. I think it's interesting that the soldiers left the posts. They must have been buried well.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_01_s.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_01_s.jpg" height="304" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Another view of the Thompson house, taken from Samuel Hartzell's orchard (Lee's headquarters).</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_17.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://i.gettysburgdaily.com/imgs/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610/SeminaryRidgeOrchard070610_17.jpg" height="294" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This picture, also by Matthew Brady, is one of the most famous shots of the Gettysburg aftermath--I actually have seen this one before, probably in textbooks or on Ken Burns' <i>The Civil War</i>. The subjects are three Rebel prisoners. Notice what the ramparts they are sitting on are made of? Logs and <i>fence rails</i>! Guess where this picture is taken. Yup. Right outside of Grandpa Hartzell's orchard, overlooking Seminary Ridge.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
According to the list of damages, the fence rails weren't worth all that much, but for some reason they seem like the heart of this story. Think of all that work! As a farmer's daughter, I can picture the farmer going out to assess the damage after a bad hailstorm, estimating acres destroyed and dollars lost. Samuel did just that. His friend William Allison also swore before the court "That [Samuel] & John Hamilton shortly after the battle examined the farm & made an appraisement of the Damages. That they found the Rails destroyed & 35 acres of grass destroyed and the fields injured as above mentioned". I imagine Samuel walking his fenceline with his friend and counting the missing rails, one by one.<br />
<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjrNvuvdqU8HlHSoqAFbKnSz9iB8xbhaVzhBYwFU_0eR9T_0bdbTtgPXVImEqootbeaWKyo8P1kQjQ4TNruvbQIuclRlRCBUeuObW8iX5KZa0gpT1j9wclnv54iWeF-bWS4neRcZL_BNR5/s1600/Samuel+E.+Hartzell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjrNvuvdqU8HlHSoqAFbKnSz9iB8xbhaVzhBYwFU_0eR9T_0bdbTtgPXVImEqootbeaWKyo8P1kQjQ4TNruvbQIuclRlRCBUeuObW8iX5KZa0gpT1j9wclnv54iWeF-bWS4neRcZL_BNR5/s1600/Samuel+E.+Hartzell.jpg" height="640" width="427" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Portrait of Samuel and either his second wife Eliza or his 3rd wife Elizabeth.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
All things considered, the battle could have been much worse for him. His family was safe. His house was still standing (and his neighbor saved his barn from burning, although it sounds like there wasn't much left to put in it!). His son-in-law David Heagy was soldiering elsewhere and probably saw less actual warfare than Samuel did. His eldest daughter Ann, although extremely pregnant during the battle with Samuel's first grandson and living without her husband but with one small daughter, was able to take refuge with friends of the family and safely deliver my great-great grandfather a couple of weeks later.<br />
<br />
Samuel did lose a son, Elias Hartzell, age 23, in 1865, nearly two years after the Battle of Gettysburg, but I haven't yet researched if Elias was a casualty of war.<br />
<br />
I also double checked my battle info on Wikipedia and found this battle map that explains why even though most of the well-known sites of the Gettysburg battle were south of town, as is the State Park, in real life, the enemy soldiers completely surrounded the Hartzell and Heagy properties northwest of town (as well as the apple orchard), and that there was actual fighting in that area the first day of the battle. That surprised me. I guess I always pictured the Southern forces attacking from, I don't know, the South? Rebels shown here in red, Union in blue.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gettysburg_Campaign.png/350px-Gettysburg_Campaign.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Gettysburg_Campaign.png/350px-Gettysburg_Campaign.png" height="640" width="448" /></a></div>
I noticed that there was no mention of destruction to the apple trees on Samuel's claim, and the trees in the photographs looked fine. It's too bad--I was hoping someone down South owed me a pie.<br />
<br />
If you would like to read the two articles about Lee's headquarters by GettysburgDaily.com, they are found here.<br />
<a href="http://www.gettysburgdaily.com/?p=7986">part one</a><br />
<a href="http://www.gettysburgdaily.com/?p=8002">part two</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-33263833892773024152013-08-13T16:21:00.001-07:002013-08-13T16:21:37.695-07:00It All Adds Up: Harry Raymond Haynes<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_BO-duY9C96NQJBQtlPmEuKJl1nQ3WcjnRFCte2jQJUYazkrus9PWoUBBGKl1POa-cMkOVVchvtmXuc-Z6dRvmO69dQzXCLkxamBC2qAfDV910uisXgRg4YrILMymnJqrPU6zX3MyJ4xA/s1600/Harry+Haynes+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_BO-duY9C96NQJBQtlPmEuKJl1nQ3WcjnRFCte2jQJUYazkrus9PWoUBBGKl1POa-cMkOVVchvtmXuc-Z6dRvmO69dQzXCLkxamBC2qAfDV910uisXgRg4YrILMymnJqrPU6zX3MyJ4xA/s400/Harry+Haynes+2.jpg" width="218" /></a>Looking over some family pictures with Happy Jack Haynes last week, I heard a new story/character trait about his dad, Harry Raymond (Roy) Haynes. Jack said that his dad loved math and was talented at figuring in his head. (I wonder if he would have been a math major if he had gone to college? Maybe not, maybe business... Jack has also said that Harry loved selling.) Anyway, every time Harry went to the grocery store he liked to keep an exact running total in his head of everything they were buying. This blows my mind! It was a little game of his to see if he had made an accurate count when the clerk rang everything up. I wonder how he would do with my full cart of groceries, including price-matched items at WalMart? Jack said that one time Harry took my Dad, Scott, shopping with him when Scott was a schoolboy. Harry challenged Scott to keep track of the total. He did it! (Maybe there weren't many things in the cart, Dad?...just kidding.) Perhaps we don't push our own children enough with real life math skills.<br />
<br />
Jack also said (years ago on a video) that Harry would always carry around a little "indelible pencil". I imagine this was his math accessory.heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-76431596398689493412013-07-04T14:39:00.002-07:002013-07-04T15:08:54.723-07:00They that be with Us are More...<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
They that be with Us are More...
</h3>
<div class="post-header">
</div>
In our old house we had a vivid red hallway that I filled up with black
and white portraits. Beneath the picture frames, in black script
lettering, read the words "Fear not; for they that be with us are more
than they that be with them. 2 Kings 6:16" If you don't remember that
particular Bible story, it was when Elisha the prophet had irritated the
king of Syria by warning the king of Israel about Syria's battle
tactics. The Syrian king was angry and sent a host of soldiers to
encompass Elisha's city, intending to hunt him down and kill him. In
the morning, when Elisha's servant went out early, he saw the terrible
army and cried, "Alas, my master! how shall we do?"<br />
<br />
Elisha reassured him. "Fear not: for they that be with us <i>are more</i>
than they that be with them." Then Elisha prayed for the Lord to open
his servant's eyes, and the young man saw the reality of the situation.<br />
<br />
The two men of God were not alone on their mountain.<br />
<br />
"Behold, the mountain was full of horses and chariots of fire round
about Elisha." He was not afraid because he knew that he was watched
over and loved by those on the other side of the veil. And because
there were <i>more</i> of them than of the adversary.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjurd9r2RxCkfw363IlbG8kr8WvHt347VkN7Pl4JWw-HefjMtY6yWi2KIsSKIodfYTtvfbvu7goHHyIgMjIDvp3WIX2fMohNFM4WP1VANOdIxRtaGV9lBFch1W-_u_uJ0_tDywXmDDQkkxj/s1400/Bess+portrait.JPG" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjurd9r2RxCkfw363IlbG8kr8WvHt347VkN7Pl4JWw-HefjMtY6yWi2KIsSKIodfYTtvfbvu7goHHyIgMjIDvp3WIX2fMohNFM4WP1VANOdIxRtaGV9lBFch1W-_u_uJ0_tDywXmDDQkkxj/s200/Bess+portrait.JPG" width="142" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Bess Kale</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
I chose that quote because the portraits on that very red wall were some
of our ancestors, including my mom and dad's newspaper wedding
announcement (back when my Dad had a seventies 'stache and some great
sideburns), a cute picture of my father-in-law as a child hiding inside
his dad's mailbag, and a shy profile of my great-grandma Bess, who,
according to my Dad's cousin Sheila, was a crier just like me. Of
course, Bess lost her teenage twin sister to leukemia, two babies to
disease, and a toddler in a horrible accident, so I don't know what my
excuse is.<br />
<br />
I also had a no-nonsense picture of Mark's namesake Grandpa Newel Day,
but I later learned that I had used the "wrong" one. More on that in a
minute.<br />
<br />
The whole idea for putting the portraits on the wall with that scripture
was to remind our family that there are people cheering for them, both
here and on the other side. Turns out I was one step ahead of the
national media. Recently (February?) USA Today published a study that
proved that the number one influence for successful, resilient teenagers
was not the number of books in the home, or the education level of the
parents. Surprisingly, the magic ingredient was that the teens had a
strong sense of family identity and heritage. If they knew who they
were, and that their family could "do hard things" and still make it
through, they tended to thrive even in difficult circumstances. In this
scary-wicked world, I want my kids to know what is expected of them,
but also that they are loved and that they can make it, too.<br />
<br />
It's not only teenagers that can gain this kind of strength from those
that have gone before... I noticed that with our experiences over the
past year with having a high-risk heart baby, and having him go through
some life threatening (and life giving) surgeries, I've been
thinking/reading/understanding more about death and such serious topics
than I usually would. Like thinking about how everyday it used to be
for women to die in childbirth or babies to not live to their first
birthday. How did my Grandmothers do it?--those poor women. Many of
these thoughts culminated while I taught a class for the ladies at
church the Sunday before Luke's scary surgery. It was Mother's day, and
I should have been an emotional worried mess, but instead, teaching
about some of this deep stuff calmed me and helped me focus on reality.
The lesson was about eternal family relationships, of all things. I
told the ladies about my Grandpa Happy Jack.<br />
<br />
My Grandpa Happy Jack likes to write cowboy poetry. Really awful
stuff. Once in a while, though, he has some really great lines. My
personal favorite (I'm not biased or anything) was a poem he wrote when
Mark came up to Montana over Christmas break to meet my parents for the
first time. I think it was called, "The Sodbuster's Daughter", and the
best line he ever wrote was "What makes a man go North in Winter?" Just
last month he shared another zinger that was read at Duke and Natalie's
wedding dinner, it was "The Duke and Duchess of Green River." Everyone
laughed. So what makes great poetry, then?<br />
<br />
I still remember at my Grandma LaVonne's funeral, my Uncle Gib was
delivering the eulogy (because he was probably the only one who could do
it without crying). He did a great job, but he made everyone else
cry. He read a poem that Grandpa had written in his anguish. I only
heard it once. The beginning line nearly made everyone gasp. <br />
<br />
"Who turned out the lights?" <br />
<br />
As tears rolled down our cheeks, we listened to how Grandpa, in this
poem and in his sorrow, was able to make it. Even though he wasn't the
one reading the poem, in my mind's eye he says this very deliberately,
even pointing his finger.<br />
<br />
"You made me a promise at that altar, Lord." <br />
<br />
I don't remember the rest, but all these years, that one line, one
truth, is what I took away. Now, isn't that what makes a poet great? <br />
<br />
Grandpa Jack got his strength to go forward from his covenants with God. So do I.<br />
<br />
<br />
I love that our church teaches that our souls are eternal. We lived with our Heavenly Father in heaven <i>before</i>
we came to earth. He loved us so much that to help us learn and have a
chance to feel a fraction of HIS love, he placed us here in families,
intentionally. "<i>And because he loved thy fathers, therefore he chose their seed after them</i>" --Deuteronomy 4:37. After the resurrection we can be with our families again, forever. <i>That</i>
was the promise that Jack and LaVonne received at the altar of the
temple--that they would be married for time AND all eternity. Life's a
three-act play, you know? And we can only see the middle. And the
middle is extremely short compared to the rest!<br />
<br />
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I once heard at a wedding, somewhat shockingly, that our life here is
like the width of a piece of paper. (The bishop marrying the couple
actually held up a blank sheet of paper and showed us the edge.) He
taught, correctly, that marriages that are "til death do you part"
really are only for that long. Don't you want to be with your loved
ones for the eternities? (The bishop described an invisible thread
wrapping around the earth more times than you could ever count, as
opposed to that skinny piece of paper.) <br />
<br />
Take a tour of a newly built or renovated temple sometime if you can,
before it is dedicated. They are an "architectural realization of the
Sinai experience." The marriage rooms are beautiful, especially their opposite-wall mirrors that show you what it might be like to be never-ending.
The covenants we make there are "for time and all Eternity" and include
binding our children to us for that long as well. Remembering my
covenants was a huge, huge strength and comfort to me as we considered
the possibility of losing our Luke. It makes me so sad to think of all
those mamas throughout the centuries that were told that their babies
were going to hell. Nonsense, cruel nonsense. It also makes me sad to
think of all the mamas (and often Dads) in our secular culture who deep
down in their souls yearn for that eternal connection but don't know how
to get it, so they make some outward demonstration like tattooing the
names of their children into their very skin. <br />
<br />
Last night as we were drifting off to sleep I asked Mark what he
thought of first, when he thought about the people that had already died
that were waiting to greet us on the other side. I expected him to say
something about his Mom, who passed away when Leslie was a baby. He
remembers her often and feels her influence. However, after he thought about my
question for a minute, his response was not what I was expecting.<br />
<br />
He said, "Isn't it great that there is a push and a pull?" Huh? He
explained that our children push us. They look to our example and help
us remember that they will be like us someday. They aren't easy--they
push us to be better than we normally would, through serving and loving
them. The pull comes from those that have gone on before. They want us
to honor their names and live the kind of lives that will make us happy
and that will help us be with them again someday. We are the binding
link of the chain of hearts of fathers and children (Malachi 4:6).<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwecZMnklLbdIcxXV4hJUke_gCziOz9FIRm5bIEOVles-8s-bEsQ57erybP8cDrZ9bRhxOektUA4_Wd31wH14PAKWkFpVs6y_vlL2OwpC5gphdXyednplbbDKxIfGAPJHUa3z19ISBfw3n/s686/scan0068.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwecZMnklLbdIcxXV4hJUke_gCziOz9FIRm5bIEOVles-8s-bEsQ57erybP8cDrZ9bRhxOektUA4_Wd31wH14PAKWkFpVs6y_vlL2OwpC5gphdXyednplbbDKxIfGAPJHUa3z19ISBfw3n/s200/scan0068.jpg" width="134" /></a>Mark
is reminded of the push and pull every time he signs his name. He is
named after his paternal grandfather, Newel Day. Grandpa Day always
used to ask him, "What are you doing with my name?" We named Luke after
this same grandpa and hope he will feel that pull someday, both from
Grandpa Newel and from Mark. Remember how I said I had used the wrong
picture of Grandpa Newel on my wall? I liked the one I used just fine,
but I later found out that Grandpa preferred a different picture of
himself during his lifetime. A picture exists where he is standing
among palm trees, his arms outstretched, young and smiling.<br />
"Take a good look." he used to tell his children and grandchildren "This is the way I will look when you see me in heaven."<br />
<br />
They that be with us are more.heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-28374418215479808882013-06-26T14:06:00.002-07:002014-08-24T19:02:21.768-07:00Kiss-Up Ann Saves the Day...It's exciting to "meet" new ancestors, especially ones that have left some clues about what they were like. In trying to discover the parents of my GGGGrandmother Ann Giffin Heagy from Gettysburg, I came across two Giffin wills in her hometown, newly digitized and available on familysearch.org. These wills enabled some large growth in our known family tree.<br />
<br />
The <a href="https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1971-28696-49043-57">first will,</a> dated 1794 was by a Stephen Giffin, Sr., and he mentions mentions a wife and daughter, both named Ann. Hooray! Until I realized that the daughter would have been way too old to be my Ann. Also, the daughter Ann never married or had children. The will also included a Stephen Giffin (Jr.), and <i>his</i> son, Andrew. Andrew is a buzzword here, since our Ann named her son David Andrew, and the David part would have been after her husband David Sr. Are you confused yet?<br />
<br />
To clarify, we now have three Anns near Gettysburg, where before we only had one.<br />
1. Matriarch Ann (insert maiden name) Giffin, wife of the will writing Stephen Sr. <br />
2. Ann the "Maiden Aunt" Giffin, daughter of #1.<br />
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
3. Annie Giffin Heagy, who until now was the end of the line. Now all I had to do was connect her to the others.<br />
For my own brain, I've had to assign these Anns some nicknames because, I
didn't mention before, I keep getting Annie Giffin Heagy mixed up with:<br />
4. Hoopskirt Ann: Ann E. Hartzel Heagy, who married Annie Giffin's son David Andrew.<br />
5. Second Wife Ann: Annie Meritt Heagy, who married David Andrew after #4 passed away.<br />
I'll tell you about Ann #3's nickname in a minute.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjEca9ZkqCp-_0g0jygEqLLs5W29YWgRO8SK-SM5WrIO6ALHSUmRgXJ76X7e7jvqLPPr-sbDlGiq10jTEr-aFDGzEDK8ZJu6CxryHAvZq6tJRx5v9e0o1DMVm_uUDfZE6k9RXvxe8GdDZ8/s1600/Ann+Hartzel+cropped.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjEca9ZkqCp-_0g0jygEqLLs5W29YWgRO8SK-SM5WrIO6ALHSUmRgXJ76X7e7jvqLPPr-sbDlGiq10jTEr-aFDGzEDK8ZJu6CxryHAvZq6tJRx5v9e0o1DMVm_uUDfZE6k9RXvxe8GdDZ8/s200/Ann+Hartzel+cropped.jpg" height="200" width="129" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Hoopskirt Ann</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHca_D0NQN7tPHM0avqRqk4Eb5kC9Dopu9416yVMLE65YNqA50NNjAV6JulHanJGGiE7eDMZ_WuJRrHgQSiqA-5U6UJ0wM0PDqXkFw1utK9yCicBTDMUd8U33xwcL0xXq-jhoG4FBv1aVP/s1600/Annie+Merrit+cropped.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHca_D0NQN7tPHM0avqRqk4Eb5kC9Dopu9416yVMLE65YNqA50NNjAV6JulHanJGGiE7eDMZ_WuJRrHgQSiqA-5U6UJ0wM0PDqXkFw1utK9yCicBTDMUd8U33xwcL0xXq-jhoG4FBv1aVP/s200/Annie+Merrit+cropped.jpg" height="200" width="138" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Second Wife Ann, not blood related</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhULnnWK-_s_RlRsLpwutx3PqzZbYI8VKXo-9fSKumkPF6BxPxfsREkWW94HhfRiBO-24BSfvn4suZx0xFGqSnJeWoiol2rSHN5nZsE3tS1028v0UmejpKes9zd6m2aHn5QkL2LL5hVP-I3/s1600/David+A+cropped.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhULnnWK-_s_RlRsLpwutx3PqzZbYI8VKXo-9fSKumkPF6BxPxfsREkWW94HhfRiBO-24BSfvn4suZx0xFGqSnJeWoiol2rSHN5nZsE3tS1028v0UmejpKes9zd6m2aHn5QkL2LL5hVP-I3/s1600/David+A+cropped.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">David Andrew Heagy, son of Ann Giffin Heagy, husband to Ann Hartzel and Ann Meritt. And very handsome.</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
The <a href="https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1961-28757-23716-3?cc=1999196&wc=MM5Y-WMB:n1607214325">second will</a> turned out to be by that unmarried, maiden aunt Ann, who lived to a ripe old age. (Maiden Aunt is the polite way to say Old Maid). In the will she leaves several items to one Ann Giffin, daughter of Andrew Giffin of Gettysburg "for her services and attention to me and my sister Elizabeth". She also left young Ann the house, with a gentle condition "I do hereby desire the said the same Ann Giffin continuing to take care of me and my sister Elizabeth during our lives." Bam! This caretaker Ann Giffin is the right age, in the right place at the right time to be our Ann Giffin (as supported by the 1810, 1820, 1830 Census). She would have been the great niece of Auntie Ann, and also the great granddaughter of Stephen Sr. who wrote the will. In my mind I have been irreverently calling my Ann Kiss-Up Ann, because she was taking care of her rich Auntie. I don't know, if I were her, I might have played up the fact that I was Auntie's sweet and dutiful namesake.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
The whole situation reminds me of Jo in <i>Little Women</i> reading to her cranky old Aunt Josephine, hoping for some financial support and perhaps an inheritance. In any case, her descendants are very lucky that Kiss Up Ann did her duty, because it prompted Auntie Ann to record the relationship in her will and gave me a boost up over that research brick wall.<br />
<br />
So, to guide you up the tree, we are related as follows:<br />
Me>Mom>Grandpa Heagy>Charles Aaron Samuel Heagy>Charles Heagy>David Andrew Heagy><b>Ann Giffin</b>>Andrew Giffin>Stephen Giffin, Jr.>Stephen Giffin, Sr. <br />
<br />
More on this new branch later...George Washington will be making an appearance.heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-32118078600411993432013-06-11T15:49:00.002-07:002013-06-11T15:49:49.234-07:00What do you do with a Fast Mormon?My Dad's cousin Glenna has been helping me acquire pictures of the Haynes family, so I thought I'd share a little story for her about her Dad, my great uncle Glen Haynes.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDyJeavnDW4VRepQZ54q2v88v5Ut0o96HFdLRsGlZUZCiVMfYLRJiNt3gKaQ1pFvY1Sl51aJljmkoZ1jGC2NLEAkXavr9ugGkKTrK53PUFDVG0_0HQ-wEuWs9zwZJoIXF6QV4K-Sd5-tN9/s1600/haynes+boys+4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="432" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDyJeavnDW4VRepQZ54q2v88v5Ut0o96HFdLRsGlZUZCiVMfYLRJiNt3gKaQ1pFvY1Sl51aJljmkoZ1jGC2NLEAkXavr9ugGkKTrK53PUFDVG0_0HQ-wEuWs9zwZJoIXF6QV4K-Sd5-tN9/s640/haynes+boys+4.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Haynes Boys: Glen, Verl, Seth, and Jack. They also have a middle sister Mary, who was probably (wisely) avoiding these hooligans at the time this picture was taken.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
This story is from my Grandpa Happy Jack Haynes, Glen's little brother.<br />
<br />
<i>"We were only on the [Campbell] Ranch a year or two, then moved to Fort Shaw, Montana. We lived about a mile south of town. On the 4th of July, there was a picnic at the Fort. Glen won a foot race, first prize was 25 cents. The community still didn't trust Mormons, so they decided to run the race again! Glen won again! They were still upset about the outcome, so they split the prize money! Each kid only got 5 cents!"</i><br />
<br />
Astounding.<br />
<br />
Jack would have been about 4 when this happened, in the early 30s, so Glen would have been about, say, 13? I could see something like that contributing to a major chip on the shoulder, but as far as I know, Glen didn't carry one. The family moved again about a year later 10 miles west to Simms, Montana. Hopefully community sentiment was better there!<br />
<br />
With ordinary small town folk being so ignorant not even a lifetime ago, I guess I shouldn't be so caught off guard when I <i>frequently</i> notice prejudice toward Mormons in mainstream media (even in the well-meaning ones) today. Like Glen, I guess we can just take our nickel and trust that people have great capacity for change.heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-25072789885023489552013-03-29T16:22:00.001-07:002015-06-03T15:42:37.277-07:00Drummerboy Dreams: Harry Henry Harrison HaynesFamilySearch has a new service that allows you to store photos and stories/bios about the people in your family tree, so I am going through my things again to see what I have to contribute. A phone call to Grandpa Happy Jack was in order since I know very little about the Haynes side of the family, not even having a picture of Jack's Haynes grandparents, even though they lived well into the 1930's (Grandpa says he thinks he has seen one before, hopefully whoever has one will contribute soon.)<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-212-37107-54-4/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://familysearch.org/patron/v2/TH-212-37107-54-4/thumb200.jpg?ctx=ArtCtxPublic" width="258" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">I was right. Here is one a distant relative came up with of Henry.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
(Me>Dad>Happy Jack Haynes>Harry Raymond (Roy) Haynes>Harry Henry Haynes)<br />
Here is what little I know about this immigrant patriarch of my family.<br />
<br />
One of the reasons Henry Haynes and his wife Charlotte (who went by Lottie) are so unfamiliar is because they only met my Grandpa Happy Jack once, at a train station in Ogden when Jack was a tiny boy, sometime between 1927-1930. He said that they were very nice. They were on their way to Lane, Eugene, Oregon, to retire. By the 1930 census they were living with Lottie's sister Maude, who worked in some woolen mills in Lane Happy Jack says one reason they left Minnesota was because of the severe Midwest winters.<br />
<br />
We're not even very clear on what his actual name was--maybe someday we'll find the christening record. It may have been as long as Harry Henry Harrison Haynes or as short as Henry. In the 1880, 1920 census he went by Harry, in 1900 by Henry. My guess is that they called him Harry, short for Henry, at home because Happy Jack's dad Harry Raymond (HHH's son), went by "Roy" at home, maybe to differentiate the two? We'll call him Harry, Sr., here.<br />
<br />
We know he was born in 1851 in Brentford, Middlesex, England. This area borders London on the west. His parents immigrated ?, possibly first to Canada--Happy Jack says this was because it was easier to immigrate from England to Canada. On the 1920 Federal Census Harry Sr. says that he was naturalized in 1870, but the 1900 Census says they immigrated in 1865. This may mean that they moved from Canada in 1865, not England, because on the 1930 census he says he immigrated in 1852. Someday I'll find the immigration records and we'll know for sure. In any case, we know the family was living in America before the Civil War because Grandpa Happy Jack just shared this charming story with me.<br />
<br />
Apparently, young Harry, Sr., declared that he was "gonna be a drummer boy" for the Union Army. He would have been between 10-15, probably close to 15 if they really came from Canada in 1865, toward the end of the war. They were living in Iowa at the time. When his parents told him no, he ran away to find the army and join it. <br />
<br />
He didn't make it far, they caught up with him at the next town or river over, and his dreams of glory were dashed forever.<br />
<br />
Well, Harry Sr. grew up and married Charlotte Waddington, also an immigrant from Canada, and they raised a family in Iowa, later moving to Minnesota and then Oregon. His son Harry Raymond Haynes, "Roy", mentioned a little about his dad in an interview, probably around 1980, mostly that he had been crippled and got a pension from the railroad in Iowa, then turned to farming. I'm guessing he was a railroad employee; his sons also worked for the railroad.<br />
<br />heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-8378940468080304682013-02-19T10:30:00.002-08:002015-06-03T15:40:13.700-07:00One Mad Cow: H. Scott Haynes, roughneckCooper was sick today, and Dad is recovering from ankle surgery, so I thought it would be fun for them to entertain each other a little. I've figured out how to use the voice recorder on my iPod, so watch out world. I've transcribed it, but it is probably more fun to listen to: click the link and turn on your speakers..<br />
<br />
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/jaclyn-haynes-day/cow-story">Scott's cow story</a><br />
<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal">
“Okay Grandpa, tell us the story about the cow.”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Okay, children…<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This
happened to me back in 1977-78, the winter of 77-78.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I took a part-time job at the Western Livestock
Auction …. where lots of cattle come to town!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>And I was the sorter, out in the backyard sorting cows for size, and
sexing them for steers and heifers, cows and bulls, ‘cause they had to be sold
separate in the pen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br />
So I was sorting one day, these BIG,
white Charolais cows that weighed 1600 pounds plus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">wiiiild</i>
and spooky.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And I was holding the gate,
and we were letting some go by the gate, and some go by the pen of the gate I
was holding. And so we cut several of them out, and several of them were behind
me, and this one cow was running as fast as she could, and I was standing on
the end of the gate and against the fence; I thought she was gonna go in the
pen with the other cows, but she decided to go right through me into the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">other</i> cows.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And I didn’t move fast enough and she BANG
knocked me over, down on the ground and she run and she stepped on my chest and
put all her weight on my chest, and I staggered up and could hardly stand up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I stood up and I could feel my shoulder
slumped to the side, and I couldn’t hardly walk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And they called an ambulance, but the
ambulance didn’t get there so the people took me in the car to the
hospital.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I knew something bad was wrong,
and I got to the hospital and they discovered my collarbone had pulled away
from the breastbone.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So they performed a
big surgery, and took the tendon out of my left arm, and cut my chest open and
tied the collarbone back to the breastbone with the tendon out of my left
arm.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And there I was in the hospital and
had a long recovery.”</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“How long were you in the hospital?”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“I don’t remember how long exactly I was in the hospital,
but quite a while.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And I finally got to
come home, and the surgeon did such an excellent joy that it never ever hurt again,
and that’s been thirty some years ago.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He did an excellent job.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That’s
what happened.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I got trampled by a <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">coooow</i>, and she was BIG and white, with
pink eyes that were on <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">fiiire</i>.”</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I remarked that I didn’t realize that he’d been working at
the livestock auction, I always thought it had happened at home.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He said no, he and Jim Hadley took the job
there to earn some extra money.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was
the winter after he and mom had gotten married, (so luckily, mom didn’t have
any babies to worry about.)</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
He said that mom stayed in a little apartment there in Great
Falls while he was recovering, he thinks it was one of
the Heagy aunt’s.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
He said [laughing] he got worker’s comp for it, something
like 12-20 dollars a week for a while.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-79112963484981167102012-02-01T19:41:00.000-08:002015-06-03T15:39:28.466-07:00Following Hansel & Gretel: John and Frieda (Bornemann) SchlomerI know that this blog is meant to be <b>short</b> stories stories about my ancestors, but today the story that wants to be told is about the discovery process itself. So, readers beware, you are about to be inundated with old Gothic handwriting, conflicting dates, mysterious sisters, funny town names, 4 weddings (with only one groom but three wives--figure THAT one out...), snail mail, cranky librarians and a twice torpedoed steamship. All of it wonderful to a point that brings me chills. (But if you STILL don't want to read this--it is a little lengthy, just scroll down to the links where you can get your own copy of some of these documents, if you would like to have them, frame them, whatever. They are fun to look at, even without my commentary spewing forth.)<br />
<br />
I was at the beginning of this story, but I don't remember it very well. When I was about 11, I was introduced to the Pedigree Chart, and immediately became a huge pest. I badgered my Grandpa Heagy plenty, I'm sure. There were too many white spaces on his side of my family tree, and what was he going to do about it? Well, I forgot all about it, but he didn't, and a few years later I vaguely remember being in the Cardston, Alberta temple with Grandpa, Grandma, my mom and brothers, and hearing some of the names that linked up to the white spaces as we worked on making these people part of our forever family.<br />
<br />
The names were German.<br />
<br />
German genealogy is HARD, sometimes compared to following the white pebbles dropped in the dark forest by Hansel and Gretel. Hard doesn't scare me, but hey, I don't speak German, so for the last twenty years I've been joyfully sifting through pioneers, pilgrims, and patriots. All who obligingly left a trail on American soil, in the President's own English. A few weeks ago I was getting bored finishing up the tail ends of a long project and wondered what my new focus would be. A couple of days later I felt that it was finally time to take the plunge (into the icy Atlantic??) and start working on the Schlomers.<br />
<br />
I started out with the easy stuff--some video tutorials on beginning German research with my ironing parked in front of the screen. I learned two main things. One, German Gothic script, also called Blackletter, looks terrifying but can be easily read (decoded) with practice. Would you like to see a sample? This stuff was used in print clear up into the 1940s! Luckily I haven't really had to mess with it much yet.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Fraktur_walbaum.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Fraktur_walbaum.png" height="136" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Don't know what this says, perhaps something about a quick brown fox and a sleeping dog? I know "uber" is over. Have also discovered that I LOVE Google Translate--it does whole paragraphs at a time, German to English, copy, paste, voila. Just not the script stuff.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The second thing I learned is that in German genealogy, pinpointing the right hometown is supposedly the hardest part. This is because there are so many towns with the same names. Right name, wrong town, means wrong, wrong, wrong.<br />
<br />
On with the search. First principle of research is to gather up
everything you already have. What do I have about John Schlomer? Some
info about his birthday, death date, and marriage from a family tree
Grandpa put together that is now online at <a href="https://new.familysearch.org/en/action/hourglassiconicview?bookid=p.K87Y-7KW&familyid=p.K87Y-7KW%7Cp.KNWH-8Z6&datapath=hq.p.K87Y-7KW_p.K87Y-7KW%7Cp.KNWH-8Z6,,,,,,&svfs=1">new.familysearch.org</a>.
( If you follow this link, you probably will need to log in.) I
consider Grandpa's information pretty reliable since he knew John
in person. I also know that I am related to John as follows.
Me>Mom>Grandpa Heagy>Cleora (Schlomer) Heagy>John Schlomer.
Lastly, I had already written <a href="http://storyapples.blogspot.com/2009/10/kaisers-request-john-schlomer.html">a
little bit about John</a>'s "run in" with the Kaiser on this blog that included some basic bio information, also
with some pictures of John and my mom when she was little.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy-iSc9Hq2-4DM3S9ls9f75M8SfASlcQHbumpYQeaYMma8Hx1mgJ2evKzA5X6jdTtOEplbw_dnXBrIP_UntJcPZ89tgJ1JV27QCPXhs8GbR8LUg0RZiaZAOinwjqI9V2uTwd5z9yy1sUPE/s400/John+and+Lori+by+boats.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy-iSc9Hq2-4DM3S9ls9f75M8SfASlcQHbumpYQeaYMma8Hx1mgJ2evKzA5X6jdTtOEplbw_dnXBrIP_UntJcPZ89tgJ1JV27QCPXhs8GbR8LUg0RZiaZAOinwjqI9V2uTwd5z9yy1sUPE/s320/John+and+Lori+by+boats.JPG" width="208" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Lori Heagy and John Schlomer, pre-1962.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Second principle of research for me, is to remember that practical genealogy is the collection of the WRITTEN word. At this point John has one pathetic file. Hurrah for the internet revolution and the Spirit of Elijah that convinces all these volunteers to transcribe digitized documents into recognizable entries! In probably under an hour I had found several records that concern our John Schlomer. (I am still trying to figure out the best way to share documents on this blog, so hopefully these links to Google docs work if you would like a copy. May have to download to see larger...)<br />
<br />
1. A <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/15lePL18yWfbKQbJEcvysHzR8vMKC3fEw-3Z8-Jfagww/edit?hl=en_US">marriage license for John Schlomer and Frieda Bornemann</a> <br />
that does <i>not</i> list their parents, dang it. It also does not tell us their exact marriage date because it is only the license. Presumably they would have been married a few days later at a Catholic church. It <i>does</i> let us know that they were living in Bentleyville, Washington
County, Pennsylvania in 1907, John was already working as a brewer, and that John's age doesn't quite match with
the information Grandpa had (why would John have said he was only 23 when he should have been, by all other proofs, about 26? Maybe he was just nervous. When we got our license, my hubby claimed that he was born in Cincinnati, Utah. Haha.) Grandpa and I sent off a request form to the Archives of the Diocese of Pittsburgh (never thought I'd be sending money, well, Grandpa's money, to the Catholic church!) hoping that they have the actual marriage registry, which should have a date and <b>hopefully</b> witnesses who might have been related. When we were looking at this record Grandma also pointed out that they always had thought Fredericka Elizabeth Bornemann had spelled her nickname Freida, but here the signature says Frieda.<br />
<br />
2. A <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SI2BfxS_vB6V-ofgTdinJvwPVbzS3cBzkObbUCETYm8/edit?hl=en_US">marriage record for John Schlomer and Mary Comer</a>. And then...<br />
3. ANOTHER <a href="https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B8vLyU6QsVKLNmYxYWQ1ZmEtYTNjNi00N2QzLWIyNGQtZWZkZTkzZDYxOWEy&hl=en_US">marriage record for John Schlomer and Mary (Comer) Schlomer</a>.<br />
Yes, John married the same woman twice. And divorced her twice. Being twenty years older than the poor girl might have had something to do with it, I don't know. The cool/frustrating thing about these two documents is that we finally have written evidence about John's parents. Evidence that doesn't match! Both records list his father as Anton/Andy Schlomer. The first marriage lists his mother's maiden name as Elizabeth Ricek--very exciting--I did not already know this. The kicker is that the second record lists his mother's maiden name as Elizabeth Vormann (could be Normann). You're killing me here, John! My guess is that one of the times he didn't fully read or understand the question, that it was a maiden name that was required. Perhaps his mother had remarried at some point, or was a widow, or maybe his dad Anton married two different women named Elizabeth. For now, we'll just be happy that we've got options and hope to someday find John's FOURTH marriage record, hiding somewhere in California or Oregon, to a woman named Josephine.<br />
<br />
4. A <a href="https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B8vLyU6QsVKLZjU0MmUyOTgtMWNmYy00ZDljLWE1MWMtYjAwMDE5NzU0YTM4&hl=en_US">WWII draft record for John Schlomer.</a> Huh, you say? Wasn't he like, sixty by WWII? Was he just getting picked on for being German? No, actually. He had to participate in something called the Old Man's Registration, for all men between the ages of 45-64, for the purpose of identifying useful industrial skills, etc. One very good possible clue from this record is his John's unusual choice of contact--someone who would always know his address. He listed a Mrs. Louise Shaeffer, Cherokee St., St. Louis. At the time John was living in Santa Monica, California. Who is zees mysterious voman? The 1940 Census comes out in April, and I'm hoping to pinpoint who she is. Wouldn't it make sense that this could be a sister? (Or maybe he had a widowed pen pal?)<br />
<br />
My next stop was to visit the Riverton FamilySearch Center, where I can access the $$$ subscription required Ancestry.com for free. While I was there I located two exciting records, still in English, lucky for me.<br />
<br />
5. John Schlomer's <a href="https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0B8vLyU6QsVKLNzFkYWQwM2MtNjVkYi00ZmUwLTliNmItMTk0ZTYyMzQ4Njg3&hl=en_US">Naturalization</a> and Citizenship record (the next page, for some reason I can't get it to upload here, I tacked it on the end), where he gives a specific hometown for himself: Alme (two syllables) and also a hometown for Frieda: Adorf. Alme is a great piece of info because we already knew the district and region (Brilon, Westfalen, Prussia/Preussen--rhymes with poison). Adorf is also nice but not quite as cool because there are several Adorfs in Germany and we don't know which one we want. John lets us know that he came over on the <i>Vaderland</i> in August of 1903, departing from Antwerp, arriving in New York City. He also had to renounce Kaiser Wilhelm II.<link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMark%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C02%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><!--[if !mso]>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
When I read the part about New York City I got all excited that I might find a record at Ellis Island--they have a great website and I've never been able to use it because my other ancestors came over too early. Well, I found the ship, the voyage, and the very long manifesto (1500 and some passengers) but John somehow got missed, either on the manifesto itself or by the transcribers. It would have been easy to do, the record is pretty messy and torn in places. I even tried searching by anyone in their twenties, and he still didn't show up. This would have been a nice record because the passengers had to list who they were coming to visit. If anyone feels like combing through, name by name, be my guest. It was pretty cool to read about the <a href="http://www.ellisisland.org/search/shipimage.asp?pID=102678020416&fromShip=y&letter=v&half=1&sname=Vaderland&year=1903&sdate=08/18/1903&port=Antwerp&page="><i>Vaderland's</i> crazy history</a>. (Grandpa also liked that part...surprise.) It was a bit unlucky, getting torpedoed by U-boats in 1915 AND 1917, when it finally sank.<br />
<br />
6. A <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xiP0pBg19H2O0cLPsCM1UgEeHIGf8IYbiNAkJjj6l6M/edit?hl=en_US">ship
manifesto entry for Frieda Bornemann</a>, traveling on the <i>Reine</i>,
departing from Bremen, arriving in Baltimore in 1906. The crazy thing
about this record is that she is coming to America for the 2nd time,
having been to Chicago the year before! She paid her own way and left
the ship with at least $50 declared. (They didn't make them declare
more than that.) She also had to answer all kinds of crazy questions
that must have been pretty nonsensical for any non-English speaking
passenger, such as whether or not you practice polygamy. The best part
of this record (as usual, also the most infuriating) is that Frieda says
she is going to visit her sister in Charleroi, Pennsylvania. We did
not know that John or Frieda HAD any siblings at all. The infuriating
part is that the handwriting is not quite clear enough to define for
certain. Here, have a go at it. I welcome input.<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRuqWsK7GlDBClHYs4WTY5KbfgUYWdcbWkZGj2m0-mYOubnNvdVkMR0-jMvAo4_lYv4KS_wJ6Lidvw3k6Hm1zJOi7nZZqvGXe_c4RnsTOWhHBOai-9hmyemfvFVcUIM9wi6WeCiITScio8/s1600/Sister+Lackner.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="113" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRuqWsK7GlDBClHYs4WTY5KbfgUYWdcbWkZGj2m0-mYOubnNvdVkMR0-jMvAo4_lYv4KS_wJ6Lidvw3k6Hm1zJOi7nZZqvGXe_c4RnsTOWhHBOai-9hmyemfvFVcUIM9wi6WeCiITScio8/s320/Sister+Lackner.gif" width="320" /></a>The first word is Sister, the initial is R--I think, because the word underneath it is Fourth, but it could be a B. The married name (we know she's married, otherwise her last name would be easy--Bornemann) is tricky because it's getting some interference from below, and this clerk's capital letters are extra loopy. Check out that "C" on "Charleroi", Pa.! The librarian and I worked at it for a minute and our best guess was Loehner. Could be totally wrong. When I got home I hit on a verrrrry interesting possibility. One of John's cronies, a fellow brewer who witnesses John's naturalization petition, is a Herman Lackner. Unfortunately, Herman's wife's name was most definitely Mary, so that's not quite it. There are more than one Lackner in the area, though, and they are also German. We'll have to see what comes back from the Catholic Archives and hope that Frieda's family was close.<br />
<br />
I called Grandpa to inform him that he now had a Great Aunt R. and found out that he was already down here in Utah. He and Grandma came for a fun visit. They also were extremely kind to come a different day to the world-renowned Family History Library on temple square. Grandma and Leslie patiently scrolled through departures from Bremen looking for Frieda while Grandpa and I looked for Schlomers in a Catholic church book microfilm from Alme. I was sure we'd find John's baptism record or the marriage record of his parents (and determine once and for all his mother's last name) but we didn't have any luck, other than to find that Schlomer is a very uncommon name. My guess is that there was more than one parish in Alme, or his parents baptized him somewhere else. When I tried to clarify the one entry for a Schloemer that we did find, the librarian didn't understand my question and seemed a little put out that I had already found the film number. In any case, I was glad for the Grandpa and Grandma's help because I would have been looking through those records all by myself, anyhow.<br />
<br />
As we were winding up at the library, a senior missionary approached us with a big smile, noticing our three generations hard at work. He told us that we were so lucky to be doing this together. I agreed.<br />
<br />
So now we are at another impasse, hopefully not for long, but I think John and Frieda and their families are wanting us to keep them in mind.<br />
<br />
<a name='more'></a><br />
Document Reference Notes:<br />
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">“Pennsylvania County Marriages, 1885-1950,” <a href="http://www.blogger.com/John%20&%20Frieda%20marriage.png"></a>digital images, <i>Familysearch.com</i>, entry for John
Schlomer-Frieda Bornemann, </span><st1:date day="29" month="7" year="1907"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">29
July 1907</span></st1:date><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">; citing FHL film 1851970. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> <link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMark%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C02%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><o:smarttagtype name="place" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="City" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="State" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><st1:place><st1:city><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">2. Cascade County</span></st1:city><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">, </span><st1:state><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Montana</span></st1:state></st1:place><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">,
Marriage Licenses and Certificates, no. 10369, Schlomer-Comer, 1920; digital images, <i>FamilySearch.com</i>.</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">3. </span><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMark%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C02%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><o:smarttagtype name="place" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="City" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="State" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><st1:place><st1:city><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Cascade County</span></st1:city><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">, </span><st1:state><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Montana</span></st1:state></st1:place><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">,
Marriage Licenses and Certificates, no. 14902, Schlomer-Schlomer, 1930; digital images, <i>FamilySearch</i>.<i>com.</i></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">4. <i> </i></span><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMark%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C02%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">"United States, World War II Draft
Registration Cards, 1942" index and <a href="http://www.blogger.com/Schlomer%20mil%20registration.png"></a>digital images, <i>FamilySearch.</i> Entry for John Schlomer, born 1881.</span><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMark%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C04%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><o:smarttagtype name="stockticker" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">5. “Naturalization
Petitions of the U.S. District Court, 1820-1930, and Circuit Court, 1820-1911,
for the Western District of Pennsylvania</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">,” <a href="http://www.blogger.com/naturalization.jpg">digital images</a>, <i>Ancestry.com</i>, entry for John Schlomer, no.2719; citing </span><st1:stockticker><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">NARA</span></st1:stockticker><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> M1537 Roll 132.</span><link href="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CMark%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C07%5Cclip_filelist.xml" rel="File-List"></link><o:smarttagtype name="stockticker" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="place" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="City" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype name="State" namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">6. “<i>Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at </i></span><st1:city><st1:place><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">Baltimore</span></i></st1:place></st1:city><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">, </span></i><st1:state><st1:place><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">Maryland</span></i></st1:place></st1:state><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">, 1891-1909,” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">digital
images and database, <i>Ancestry.com</i>.
Entry for Frieda Bornemann. Citing </span><st1:city><st1:place><st1:stockticker><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;">NARA</span></st1:stockticker></st1:place></st1:city><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12pt;"> Microfilm Publication T844. RG 85.</span><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU5-ll6jvvYw8gkd77JMEMNO0DcIkcStyOFFNhmvaSm7L6Uyxgsv7d0P_k6jXryo__WwVIB7QGbFdtfv42j7mmetu5uKrCCfN6dGoxxAVMeH-SdFTk6t7YWaIpFqI9m2fBEPHAC4UgdUS8/s1600/citizen(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU5-ll6jvvYw8gkd77JMEMNO0DcIkcStyOFFNhmvaSm7L6Uyxgsv7d0P_k6jXryo__WwVIB7QGbFdtfv42j7mmetu5uKrCCfN6dGoxxAVMeH-SdFTk6t7YWaIpFqI9m2fBEPHAC4UgdUS8/s320/citizen(2).jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This is the second page of that naturalization record I couldn't get to load as a link. Click on it to make it bigger.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4192388303431056840.post-13082636493674000262012-01-01T11:13:00.000-08:002012-01-01T11:13:09.180-08:00Harry Raymond Haynes: Out of the MudDuring a holiday trip to Montana, my Dad was telling me about the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in the area, and how the hand of the Lord has been involved in the growth of the church and the people there. One of the stories he shared with me was about his grandfather, Harry Raymond Haynes.<br />
<br />
Harry joined the church as a young father in April, 1922. He had married Pearl Drake in 1917, a member of the Daniel Newel Drake family--all members of the church from pioneer stock. The Lord knew that Harry had some big decisions to make when he married Pearl, and He blessed him with the time to make them. When Harry was drafted during the latter part of World War I, his brother-in-law and employer, George Britting (husband of Harry's big sister Celia), went to the draft board and requested that Harry be allowed to remain at home because he was the only "stone dresser" at Albertson's flour mill and they couldn't do without him. The draft board told George he could have Harry until he trained a replacement, but that after that he needed to go. (According to Grandpa Happy Jack Haynes, Harry's son, a stone dresser was the person who smoothed the grooves of the millstone and oiled them.) George found a possible replacement, but was not impressed with him at all, and told Harry to take his sweet time with the training. In a few months, the war was over, and Harry never had to step into the muddy trenches of France.<br />
<br />
In the story my Dad told me, though, the mud <em>was</em> the blessing.<br />
<br />
Harry and Pearl were brought to the Great Falls area (Manchester) around 1930 by the UNI Sugar Company to sharecrop sugarbeets. A few years after that they moved to the Simms, where Harry rented property from his best friend, Clint Jenson. Although the price was acceptable, the house they were living in was out in the field and did not even have a bathroom or an outhouse. (See the post <a href="http://storyapples.blogspot.com/2010/04/sugar-mama-pearl-drake-haynes.html">"Sugar Mama: Pearl Drake Haynes")</a> While they were living there, the decision was made to build a chapel in Simms. At the time, members of the church were asked to come up with the funds to build chapels and temples in their own areas. A "building assessment" was made, and Harry was asked to contribute $10 to the cause. <br />
<br />
Well, (as President Hinckley was fond of saying) it was the bottom of the Depression. Because the Simms Bank had gone under, Harry had lost his life savings of $300, did not have a red cent to his name, and worried about how in the world he was going to come up with that money. (It is a testimony of his faithfulness to his newfound religion that he didn't just tell the church leaders to take a long walk off a short cliff.)<br />
<br />
I'm sure Harry and Pearl prayed for the Lord to provide.<br />
<br />
It just so happened to be irrigating season. The dirt road had been flooded and became, for a short time, impassable with mud. One night at about 2 o'clock, a man who had been doing "a little too much celebrating" walked through the field and knocked on Harry's door; his vehicle was stuck and he needed help. He had come to Harry's door because his was the only light on. Harry promptly hitched up the team and pulled the man out.<br />
<br />
The man asked, "What do I owe ya for this?"<br />
Harry said, "Nothin. I'm glad to do it."<br />
<br />
The man paid him ten dollars for the assistance, anyway. Ten dollars (besides being the exact amount that Harry needed) was a big chunk of change; equivalent to about $160 in 2011.<br />
<br />
Harry willingly handed the money in to the Branch President for the building fund (I'm guessing that this choice was made a little easier by recognizing the Lord's hand in his windfall) and the church was built.<br />
<br />
This is a picture of "Grandpa and Grandma Drake's 50th Wedding Celebration, 1924" given to my brother by Eldon Drake, including a page of labels. I wanted to put the picture of the whole family in here (even though they are the inlaws of this story) because it painfully highlights Grandpa Harry's economic situation, even years before the family moved to Simms. Harry is the only man not wearing a tie (Levi overalls instead) and his two boys on the front row are wearing similar getups. Tough times.<br />
PS. Grandma Pearl always called Harry, Roy, so the picture labels him as Uncle Roy. He also had a happier personality than this picture suggests.<br />
PPS. How in the world did they get all those little kids and babies to ALL look at the camera??? I only have four, and I can't do it!<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BglI5m4jvh4/Tv4rQYrQIbI/AAAAAAAABvc/r5uVB9GE3KY/s1600/Daniel+Drake+family+anniversary+picture.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="464" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-BglI5m4jvh4/Tv4rQYrQIbI/AAAAAAAABvc/r5uVB9GE3KY/s640/Daniel+Drake+family+anniversary+picture.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">1st Row: Ralph Drake, Jack Hartley, Aline Hadley, Dan Hadley, Glen Haynes, Verl Haynes, Virginia Drake, Paul Drake, Helen Drake, Blaine Drake, Irene Drake<br />
2nd Row: Alice Drake, Marge Drake Larson, "Roy" (Harry) Haynes, Mildred Drake, Effie Hartley, Mary Jane (Cheney) Drake, Daniel Newell Drake with Eldon Drake, Elmer Hadley, Earl Drake, Edna Drake<br />
3rd Row: Jack Drake, Ira Drake, Brig Hartley, Mae Drake with Betty Drake, George Hadley, Rose Hadley with Helen Hadley, Lewis Drake, Mary Haynes and Pearl Drake Haynes, Newell <br />
Drake, Hazel Drake, Fern and Verna Drake Hartley</td></tr>
</tbody></table>heyjackiedayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11772509013653556012noreply@blogger.com1